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Endoderm

Endoderm is the innermost of the three primary germ layers in the very early embryo. The other two layers are the ectoderm (outside layer) and mesoderm (middle layer).[1] Cells migrating inward along the archenteron form the inner layer of the gastrula, which develops into the endoderm.[2]

Endoderm
Tissues derived from endoderm.
Details
Days16
Precursorepiblast
Identifiers
MeSHD004707
FMA69071
Anatomical terminology
[edit on Wikidata]

The endoderm consists at first of flattened cells, which subsequently become columnar. It forms the epithelial lining of multiple systems.

In plant biology, endoderm corresponds to the innermost part of the cortex (bark) in young shoots and young roots often consisting of a single cell layer. As the plant becomes older, more endoderm will lignify.

Production edit

The following chart shows the tissues produced by the endoderm. The embryonic endoderm develops into the interior linings of two tubes in the body, the digestive and respiratory tube.[3]

Layer Category System
General[4] Gastrointestinal tract the entire alimentary canal except part of the mouth, pharynx and the terminal part of the rectum (which are lined by involutions of the ectoderm), the lining cells of all the glands which open into the digestive tube, including those of the liver and pancreas
General Respiratory tract the trachea, bronchi, and alveoli of the lungs
General Endocrine glands and organs the lining of the follicles of the thyroid gland and the epithelial component of the thymus (i.e. thymic epithelial cells).
Auditory system the epithelium of the auditory tube and tympanic cavity
Urinary system the urinary bladder and part of the urethra

Liver and pancreas cells are believed to derive from a common precursor.[5]

In humans, the endoderm can differentiate into distinguishable organs after 5 weeks of embryonic development.

Additional images edit

See also edit

References edit

  This article incorporates text in the public domain from page 49 of the 20th edition of Gray's Anatomy (1918)

  1. ^ Langman's Medical Embryology, 11th edition. 2010.
  2. ^ Fukuda, Kimiko; Kikuchi, Yutaka (August 2005). "Endoderm development in vertebrates: fate mapping, induction and regional specification". Development, Growth and Differentiation. 47 (6): 343–355. doi:10.1111/j.1440-169X.2005.00815.x. ISSN 0012-1592. PMID 16109032. S2CID 26241717. Retrieved 10 March 2023.
  3. ^ Gilbert, SF. "Endoderm". Sinauer Associates. Retrieved 14 March 2013.
  4. ^ The General category denotes that all or most of the animals containing this layer produce the adjacent product.
  5. ^ Zaret KS (October 2001). "Hepatocyte differentiation: from the endoderm and beyond". Curr. Opin. Genet. Dev. 11 (5): 568–74. doi:10.1016/S0959-437X(00)00234-3. PMID 11532400.

endoderm, innermost, three, primary, germ, layers, very, early, embryo, other, layers, ectoderm, outside, layer, mesoderm, middle, layer, cells, migrating, inward, along, archenteron, form, inner, layer, gastrula, which, develops, into, endoderm, tissues, deri. Endoderm is the innermost of the three primary germ layers in the very early embryo The other two layers are the ectoderm outside layer and mesoderm middle layer 1 Cells migrating inward along the archenteron form the inner layer of the gastrula which develops into the endoderm 2 EndodermTissues derived from endoderm DetailsDays16PrecursorepiblastIdentifiersMeSHD004707FMA69071Anatomical terminology edit on Wikidata The endoderm consists at first of flattened cells which subsequently become columnar It forms the epithelial lining of multiple systems In plant biology endoderm corresponds to the innermost part of the cortex bark in young shoots and young roots often consisting of a single cell layer As the plant becomes older more endoderm will lignify Contents 1 Production 2 Additional images 3 See also 4 ReferencesProduction editThe following chart shows the tissues produced by the endoderm The embryonic endoderm develops into the interior linings of two tubes in the body the digestive and respiratory tube 3 Layer Category SystemGeneral 4 Gastrointestinal tract the entire alimentary canal except part of the mouth pharynx and the terminal part of the rectum which are lined by involutions of the ectoderm the lining cells of all the glands which open into the digestive tube including those of the liver and pancreasGeneral Respiratory tract the trachea bronchi and alveoli of the lungsGeneral Endocrine glands and organs the lining of the follicles of the thyroid gland and the epithelial component of the thymus i e thymic epithelial cells Auditory system the epithelium of the auditory tube and tympanic cavityUrinary system the urinary bladder and part of the urethraLiver and pancreas cells are believed to derive from a common precursor 5 In humans the endoderm can differentiate into distinguishable organs after 5 weeks of embryonic development Additional images edit nbsp Section through the embryo nbsp Section through ovum imbedded in the uterine decidua nbsp Signaling pathway to inducing endodermSee also editHypoblast of primitive endoderm Ectoderm Germ layer Histogenesis Mesoderm Organogenesis Endodermal sinus tumor Gastrulation Cell differentiation Triploblasty List of human cell types derived from the germ layersReferences edit nbsp This article incorporates text in the public domain from page 49 of the 20th edition of Gray s Anatomy 1918 Langman s Medical Embryology 11th edition 2010 Fukuda Kimiko Kikuchi Yutaka August 2005 Endoderm development in vertebrates fate mapping induction and regional specification Development Growth and Differentiation 47 6 343 355 doi 10 1111 j 1440 169X 2005 00815 x ISSN 0012 1592 PMID 16109032 S2CID 26241717 Retrieved 10 March 2023 Gilbert SF Endoderm Sinauer Associates Retrieved 14 March 2013 The General category denotes that all or most of the animals containing this layer produce the adjacent product Zaret KS October 2001 Hepatocyte differentiation from the endoderm and beyond Curr Opin Genet Dev 11 5 568 74 doi 10 1016 S0959 437X 00 00234 3 PMID 11532400 nbsp Look up endoderm in Wiktionary the free dictionary Portal nbsp Anatomy Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Endoderm amp oldid 1199960649, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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