Before his ascension to the Nanboku-chō throne, his personal name (his imina) was Kazuhito-shinnō (量仁親王).[2] He was the third son of Emperor Go-Fushimi of the Jimyōin line. His mother was Kōgimon'in Neishi (広義門院寧子). He was adopted by his uncle, Emperor Hanazono. His family included:
In his own lifetime, Kōgon and those around him believed that he occupied the Chrysanthemum Throne from October 22, 1331[3] until July 7, 1333.[4] Kazuhito-shinnō was named Crown Prince and heir to Emperor Go-Daigo of the Daikakuji line in 1326. At this time in Japanese history, by decision of the Kamakura shogunate, the throne would alternate between the Daikakuji and Jimyōin lines every ten years. However, Go-Daigo did not comply with this negotiated agreement.
In 1331, when Go-Daigo's second attempt to overthrow the shogunate became public, the Shogunate seized him, exiled him to the Oki Islands, and enthroned Kōgon on October 22. Emperor Go-Daigo used the 17-petal chrysanthemum emblem during his exile. He escaped Oki in 1333, with the help of Nawa Nagatoshi and his family, and raised an army at Funagami Mountain in Hōki Province (the modern town of Kotoura in Tōhaku District, Tottori Prefecture). Meanwhile, Ashikaga Takauji (足利 尊氏), the chief general of the Hōjō family, turned against the Hōjō and fought for Emperor Go-Daigo in the hopes of being named shōgun. Takauji attacked Hōjō Nakatomi and Hōjō Tokimasu, the Rokuhara Tandai, or chiefs of the Kamakura shogunate in Kyoto. They both fled to the east, but were captured in Ōmi Province. On July 7, 1333, Go-Daigo seized the throne from Emperor Kōgon and attempted to re-established Imperial control in what is referred to as the Kenmu Restoration (1333–1336). Go-Daigo's attempt failed, however, after Ashikaga Takauji turned against him.
In 1336, Takauji installed Kōgon's younger brother on the throne as Emperor Kōmyō. Go-Daigo fled to Yoshino, in Yamato Province and continued to lay proper claim to the throne, establishing what would come to be known as the Southern Court. Kōmyō's court remained in Kyoto and would come to be known as the Northern Dynasty. This marked the beginning of the Northern and Southern Courts Period of Japanese history, which lasted until 1392.
In April 1352, taking advantage of a family feud in the Ashikaga clan known as the Kan'ō Disturbance, Emperor Go-Murakami of the Southern Court captured Kyōto, and carried away Emperor Kōgon, Emperor Kōmyō, Emperor Sukō, and the Crown Prince Tadahito. They finally ended up in Anau, the location of the Southern Court.[5]
Following this, Kōgon was held under house arrest for the remainder of his life. In his final years, he converted to Zen Buddhism, and died on August 5, 1364.
Eras of Kōgon's reignEdit
The years of Kōgon's reign are more specifically identified by more than one era name or nengō.[6]
emperor, kōgon, 光厳天皇, kōgon, tennō, august, 1313, august, 1364, first, emperors, northern, court, during, period, northern, southern, courts, japan, reign, spanned, years, from, 1331, through, 1333, 光厳天皇1st, northern, emperorreignoctober, 1331, july, 1333prede. Emperor Kōgon 光厳天皇 Kōgon tennō August 1 1313 August 5 1364 was the first of the Emperors of Northern Court during the Period of the Northern and Southern Courts in Japan His reign spanned the years from 1331 through 1333 1 Emperor Kōgon光厳天皇1st Northern EmperorReignOctober 22 1331 July 7 1333PredecessorGo DaigoSuccessorKōmyōBornAugust 1 1313DiedAugust 5 1364 1364 08 05 aged 51 SpousePrincess YoshikoPrincess HisakoIssueAmong others Emperor SukōEmperor Go KōgonPosthumous nameTsuigō Emperor Kōgon 光厳院 or 光厳天皇 FatherEmperor Go FushimiMotherSaionji Fujiwara NeishiSignature Contents 1 Genealogy 2 Events of Kōgon s life 3 Eras of Kōgon s reign 3 1 Southern Court Rivals 4 Ancestry 5 Notes 6 References 7 See alsoGenealogy EditBefore his ascension to the Nanboku chō throne his personal name his imina was Kazuhito shinnō 量仁親王 2 He was the third son of Emperor Go Fushimi of the Jimyōin line His mother was Kōgimon in Neishi 広義門院寧子 He was adopted by his uncle Emperor Hanazono His family included Empress Imperial Princess Yoshiko 懽子内親王 later Senseimon in 宣政門院 Emperor Go Daigo s daughter Second daughter b 1335 Third daughter Imperial Princess Mitsuko b 1337 光子内親王 Consort Imperial Princess Hisako 寿子内親王 later Kianmon in 徽安門院 Emperor Hanazono s daughter Lady in waiting Sanjō Shushi 三条秀子 later Yōrokumon in 陽禄門院 Ogimachi Sanjo Kinhide s daughter First daughter b 1333 Princess First son Imperial Prince Okihito 興仁親王 later Emperor Sukō Second son Imperial Prince Iyahito 弥仁親王 later Emperor Go Kōgon Naishi Ima no kata Saionji Sanehira s daughter Naishi Dai no kata Saionji Saneakira s daughter Fourth Son Imperial Prince Sonchō 1344 1378 尊朝親道親王 Princess Naishi Ichijo no tsubone Ogimachi Kinkage s daughter Imperial Prince Yoshihito died 1415 義仁親王 Naishi Oinomikado Fuyuuji s daughter daughter 1331 1402 Unknown Daughter Hanarin Songen d 1386 華林恵厳 Events of Kōgon s life EditIn his own lifetime Kōgon and those around him believed that he occupied the Chrysanthemum Throne from October 22 1331 3 until July 7 1333 4 Kazuhito shinnō was named Crown Prince and heir to Emperor Go Daigo of the Daikakuji line in 1326 At this time in Japanese history by decision of the Kamakura shogunate the throne would alternate between the Daikakuji and Jimyōin lines every ten years However Go Daigo did not comply with this negotiated agreement In 1331 when Go Daigo s second attempt to overthrow the shogunate became public the Shogunate seized him exiled him to the Oki Islands and enthroned Kōgon on October 22 Emperor Go Daigo used the 17 petal chrysanthemum emblem during his exile He escaped Oki in 1333 with the help of Nawa Nagatoshi and his family and raised an army at Funagami Mountain in Hōki Province the modern town of Kotoura in Tōhaku District Tottori Prefecture Meanwhile Ashikaga Takauji 足利 尊氏 the chief general of the Hōjō family turned against the Hōjō and fought for Emperor Go Daigo in the hopes of being named shōgun Takauji attacked Hōjō Nakatomi and Hōjō Tokimasu the Rokuhara Tandai or chiefs of the Kamakura shogunate in Kyoto They both fled to the east but were captured in Ōmi Province On July 7 1333 Go Daigo seized the throne from Emperor Kōgon and attempted to re established Imperial control in what is referred to as the Kenmu Restoration 1333 1336 Go Daigo s attempt failed however after Ashikaga Takauji turned against him In 1336 Takauji installed Kōgon s younger brother on the throne as Emperor Kōmyō Go Daigo fled to Yoshino in Yamato Province and continued to lay proper claim to the throne establishing what would come to be known as the Southern Court Kōmyō s court remained in Kyoto and would come to be known as the Northern Dynasty This marked the beginning of the Northern and Southern Courts Period of Japanese history which lasted until 1392 In April 1352 taking advantage of a family feud in the Ashikaga clan known as the Kan ō Disturbance Emperor Go Murakami of the Southern Court captured Kyōto and carried away Emperor Kōgon Emperor Kōmyō Emperor Sukō and the Crown Prince Tadahito They finally ended up in Anau the location of the Southern Court 5 Following this Kōgon was held under house arrest for the remainder of his life In his final years he converted to Zen Buddhism and died on August 5 1364 Eras of Kōgon s reign EditThe years of Kōgon s reign are more specifically identified by more than one era name or nengō 6 Pre Nanboku chō periodGenkō 1331 1334 Kenmu 1334 1336 Nanboku chō Southern courtEras as reckoned by legitimate Court as determined by Meiji rescript Nanboku chō Northern courtEras as reckoned by pretender Court as determined by Meiji rescript Shōkei 1332 1338 Southern Court Rivals Edit Emperor Go DaigoAncestry EditAncestors of Emperor Kōgon 7 16 Emperor Go Saga 1220 1272 8 Emperor Go Fukakusa 1243 1304 17 Fujiwara no Kitsushi 1225 1292 4 Emperor Fushimi 1265 1317 18 Tōin Saneo 1219 1273 9 Tōin Inshi 1246 1329 19 Fujiwara Kurako2 Emperor Go Fushimi 1288 1336 10 Itsutsuji Tsuneuji5 Itsutsuji Tsuneko d 1324 1 Emperor Kōgon24 Saionji Kinsuke 1223 1267 12 Saionji Sanekane 1249 1322 25 Nakahara6 Saionji Kinhira 1264 1315 26 Nakanoin Michinari 1222 1287 13 Nakanoin Akiko3 Saionji Neishi Yasuko 1292 1357 14 Fujiwara Mitsuyasu7 Fujiwara KanekoNotes Edit nbsp Japanese Imperial kamon a stylized chrysanthemum blossom コトバンク 光嚴天皇 Retrieved 2017 07 23 Titsingh p 286 The twentieth day of the ninth month of the third year of Gentoku according to the traditional lunisolar calendar The twenty fifth day of the fifth month of the second year of Shōkei according to the traditional lunisolar calendar Sansom George 1961 A History of Japan 1334 1615 Stanford University Press p 88 ISBN 0804705259 Titsingh p 286 Genealogy Reichsarchiv in Japanese Retrieved 5 December 2020 References EditPonsonby Fane Richard Arthur Brabazon 1959 The Imperial House of Japan Kyoto Ponsonby Memorial Society OCLC 194887 Titsingh Isaac ed 1834 Siyun sai Rin siyo Hayashi Gahō 1652 Nipon o dai itsi ran ou Annales des empereurs du Japon Paris Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland See also EditEmperor of Japan List of Emperors of Japan Imperial cult Emperor Go KōgonRegnal titlesPreceded byEmperor Go Daigo Legitimate Southern Emperor Northern Emperor1331 1333 Succeeded byEmperor Kōmyō Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Emperor Kōgon amp oldid 1178366033, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
