When Eleanor was thirteen years old, her father Simon de Montfort, and brother Lord Henry were killed at the Battle of Evesham (4 August 1265). According to the chroniclers, Nicholas Trivet, William Rishanger and others, Earl Simon had earlier made an alliance with Llywelyn ap Gruffudd, whereby it was agreed that Llywelyn and Eleanor would marry. After Earl Simon's death, his family was forced to flee the Kingdom of England: Countess Eleanor took her daughter to the safety of the Dominican nunnery at Montargis, France, a Montfort foundation.
Marriage to Llywelyn ap Gruffydd
Eleanor’s mother Countess Eleanor died in the Spring of 1275. Shortly after, Eleanor de Montfort married Llywelyn ap Gruffudd, Prince of Wales, by marriage per nuncios (proxy marriage) or per verba de presenti, which was endorsed by Canon Law.[1]
Capture and imprisonment by Edward I
Eleanor began the sea voyage from France to north Wales, avoiding making a land passage through England. The two ships carrying Eleanor, her brother Amaury and their entourage, sailing off the south coast of England, were captured by sailors from the port of Bristol, just off the Isles of Scilly. Six named men together with the crews of four ships of Bristol were rewarded with a payment of 220 marks.[2] 'Thomas Larchdeacon', 'Thomas the Archdeacon', who masterminded the capture on behalf of her first cousin Edward I of England was paid £20 in May 1276 by the king's orders, through the sheriff of Cornwall.[3]
Eleanor was taken by ship to Bristol, then held prisoner at Windsor for nearly three years.[4] She was released in 1278 following the signing of the Treaty of Aberconwy between Edward I of England and Llywelyn ap Gruffydd.
Married life
Eleanor and Llywelyn were formally married (secundum formam ecclesie) at the cathedral door, as was the custom, of the cathedral church at Worcester, on the Feast Day of St Edward, 1278; Edward gave the bride, his cousin, away and paid for the wedding feast. Before the wedding mass was celebrated, Edward insisted that Llywelyn should put his seal to an adjustment to the agreement that they had previously made. Llywelyn had no alternative but to comply, and he later stated that he did it under duress, 'moved by the fear that can grip a steadfast man'.[5]
Following the ceremony, Eleanor became officially known as Princess of Wales and Lady of Snowdon.[6][7][8]
Death and legacy
Eleanor had two daughters. Princess Catherine married to Philip ap Ivor, Lord of Cardigan.[9] For Gwenllian of Wales, she died giving birth to her on 19 June 1282[10] at the royal palace in Abergwyngregyn, on the north coast of Gwynedd. Her body was taken across the Lafan Sands to the Franciscan Friary at Llanfaes, Anglesey.[11] The Friary had been founded by Llywelyn the Great, the grandfather of Llywelyn ap Gruffudd, in memory of his wife Joan (Eleanor's aunt).
On 12 July 1282, members of Eleanor's personal household were given safe-conduct while travelling back into England.[12] Llywelyn ap Gruffudd was killed on 11 December 1282. His one-year-old daughter, Gwenllian, was captured the following year by English forces. Edward I had the child banished to the remote Sempringham Priory in Lincolnshire, where she remained until her death in 1337.[1]
Fawcett, Joan M. "The Household Roll of Eleanor de Montfort, 1265." History Today (1951) 1#11 pp 41-43.
Kjær, Lars. "Food, drink and ritualised communication in the household of Eleanor de Montfort, February to August 1265." Journal of Medieval History 37.1 (2011): 75-89 online[dead link].
Wilkinson, Louise J. Eleanor de Montfort: A rebel countess in medieval England (Bloomsbury Publishing, 2012).
January 06, 2023
eleanor, montfort, eleanor, england, 1215, 1275, married, simon, montfort, eleanor, england, countess, leicester, princess, wales, lady, snowdon, 1252, june, 1282, english, noble, welsh, princess, daughter, simon, montfort, earl, leicester, eleanor, england, a. For Eleanor of England 1215 1275 who married Simon de Montfort see Eleanor of England Countess of Leicester Eleanor de Montfort Princess of Wales and Lady of Snowdon 1252 19 June 1282 was an English noble and Welsh Princess She was the daughter of Simon de Montfort 6th Earl of Leicester and Eleanor of England She was also the second woman who can be shown to have used the title Princess of Wales Eleanor de MontfortPrincess of WalesBorn1252Died19 June 1282 1282 06 19 aged 29 30 Aber Garth Celyn Gwynedd WalesSpouseLlywelyn ap GruffuddIssueGwenllian of WalesPrincess CatherineHouseMontfortFatherSimon de Montfort 6th Earl of LeicesterMotherEleanor of England Contents 1 Early life 2 Marriage to Llywelyn ap Gruffydd 3 Capture and imprisonment by Edward I 4 Married life 5 Death and legacy 6 Ancestors 7 Notes 8 ReferencesEarly life EditEleanor s maternal grandparents were King John of England and his Queen consort Isabella of Angouleme Her maternal uncles included the King of England Henry of Winchester and the King of the Romans Richard of Cornwall Her maternal aunts included the Queen of Scotland Joan of England the Holy Roman Empress Queen of Germany and Queen of Sicily Isabella of England and the wife of the Prince of Wales Joan Lady of Wales When Eleanor was thirteen years old her father Simon de Montfort and brother Lord Henry were killed at the Battle of Evesham 4 August 1265 According to the chroniclers Nicholas Trivet William Rishanger and others Earl Simon had earlier made an alliance with Llywelyn ap Gruffudd whereby it was agreed that Llywelyn and Eleanor would marry After Earl Simon s death his family was forced to flee the Kingdom of England Countess Eleanor took her daughter to the safety of the Dominican nunnery at Montargis France a Montfort foundation Marriage to Llywelyn ap Gruffydd EditEleanor s mother Countess Eleanor died in the Spring of 1275 Shortly after Eleanor de Montfort married Llywelyn ap Gruffudd Prince of Wales by marriage per nuncios proxy marriage or per verba de presenti which was endorsed by Canon Law 1 Capture and imprisonment by Edward I EditEleanor began the sea voyage from France to north Wales avoiding making a land passage through England The two ships carrying Eleanor her brother Amaury and their entourage sailing off the south coast of England were captured by sailors from the port of Bristol just off the Isles of Scilly Six named men together with the crews of four ships of Bristol were rewarded with a payment of 220 marks 2 Thomas Larchdeacon Thomas the Archdeacon who masterminded the capture on behalf of her first cousin Edward I of England was paid 20 in May 1276 by the king s orders through the sheriff of Cornwall 3 Eleanor was taken by ship to Bristol then held prisoner at Windsor for nearly three years 4 She was released in 1278 following the signing of the Treaty of Aberconwy between Edward I of England and Llywelyn ap Gruffydd Married life EditEleanor and Llywelyn were formally married secundum formam ecclesie at the cathedral door as was the custom of the cathedral church at Worcester on the Feast Day of St Edward 1278 Edward gave the bride his cousin away and paid for the wedding feast Before the wedding mass was celebrated Edward insisted that Llywelyn should put his seal to an adjustment to the agreement that they had previously made Llywelyn had no alternative but to comply and he later stated that he did it under duress moved by the fear that can grip a steadfast man 5 Following the ceremony Eleanor became officially known as Princess of Wales and Lady of Snowdon 6 7 8 Death and legacy EditEleanor had two daughters Princess Catherine married to Philip ap Ivor Lord of Cardigan 9 For Gwenllian of Wales she died giving birth to her on 19 June 1282 10 at the royal palace in Abergwyngregyn on the north coast of Gwynedd Her body was taken across the Lafan Sands to the Franciscan Friary at Llanfaes Anglesey 11 The Friary had been founded by Llywelyn the Great the grandfather of Llywelyn ap Gruffudd in memory of his wife Joan Eleanor s aunt On 12 July 1282 members of Eleanor s personal household were given safe conduct while travelling back into England 12 Llywelyn ap Gruffudd was killed on 11 December 1282 His one year old daughter Gwenllian was captured the following year by English forces Edward I had the child banished to the remote Sempringham Priory in Lincolnshire where she remained until her death in 1337 1 Ancestors EditAncestors of Eleanor de Montfort8 Simon III de Montfort4 Simon de Montfort 5th Earl of Leicester9 Amicia de Beaumont2 Simon de Montfort 6th Earl of Leicester10 Bouchard V de Montmorency5 Alix de Montmorency11 Laurette of Hainaut1 Eleanor de Montfort12 Henry II of England6 John of England13 Eleanor of Aquitaine3 Eleanor of England14 Aymer Taillifer Count of Angouleme7 Isabella of Angouleme15 Alice of CourtenayNotes Edit a b Norgate 1894 Calendar Patent Rolls 1272 81 161 PRO Liberate Rolls C62 Calendar of Close Rolls 1272 79 292 PRO Liberate Rolls C62 52 Registrum Epistolarum Fratis Johannis Peckham Archiepiscopi Cantuariensis Lambeth Palace Archives Calendar of Patent Rolls 1272 81 306 CPR 1281 92 11 Calendar of Ancient Correspondence 75 76 Foedera I ii 576 584 587 The Royal Families of England Scotland and Wales with Pedigrees of Royal Descents in Illustration PDF Sir Bernard Burke C B LL D Ulster King of Arms 1876 p 51 Retrieved 2 October 2022 The chronicle of Bury St Edmunds p 74 76 Brut y Tywysogion Peniarth MS20 223 Peniarth MS20Tr 117 Calendar of Welsh Rolls 234 References EditNorgate Kate 1894 Montfort Eleanor of In Lee Sidney ed Dictionary of National Biography Vol 38 London Smith Elder amp Co Fawcett Joan M The Household Roll of Eleanor de Montfort 1265 History Today 1951 1 11 pp 41 43 Kjaer Lars Food drink and ritualised communication in the household of Eleanor de Montfort February to August 1265 Journal of Medieval History 37 1 2011 75 89 online dead link Wilkinson Louise J Eleanor de Montfort A rebel countess in medieval England Bloomsbury Publishing 2012 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Eleanor de Montfort amp oldid 1114887216, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
