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Eleanor Maguire

April 11, 2024

Eleanor Anne Maguire FRS FMedSci FBA MRIA (born 27 March 1970)[2] is an Irish neuroscientist. Since 2007, she has been Professor of Cognitive Neuroscience at University College London[3][4][5][6] where she is also a Wellcome Trust Principal Research Fellow.[7][8]

Eleanor Maguire

FRS FMedSci FBA MRIA
Maguire in 2016
Born (1970-03-27) 27 March 1970 (age 54)
Dublin, Ireland
NationalityIrish
Alma materUniversity College Dublin (BA, PhD)
University of Wales, Swansea (MSc)
Awards
Scientific career
Fields
Institutions
Thesis[ProQuest 301509150 Real-world spatial memory following temporal-lobe surgery in humans] (1994)
Doctoral studentsDemis Hassabis[1]
Websiteiris.ucl.ac.uk/iris/browse/profile?upi=EMAGU26

Early life and education edit

Maguire was born in Dublin, Ireland.[2] She studied psychology at University College Dublin and graduated with a Bachelor of Arts (BA Hons) degree in 1990.[2] She studied Clinical and experimental neuropsychology at University of Wales, Swansea and graduated with a Master of Science degree in 1991.[6][2] She undertook her Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) degree at University College Dublin,[9][10] Ireland, where she first became interested in the neural basis of memory while working with patients as a neuropsychologist at Beaumont Hospital, Dublin. She completed her PhD in 1994,[9] and her doctoral thesis was titled Real-world spatial memory following temporal-lobe surgery in humans.[9]

Research and career edit

Maguire is a Wellcome Trust Principal Research Fellow[7] and Professor of Cognitive Neuroscience at the Wellcome Trust Centre for Neuroimaging at University College London,[11] UK, where she is also the Deputy Director. Maguire heads the Memory and Space research laboratory at the Centre. In addition, she is an honorary member of the Department of Neuropsychology, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, London.

Maguire and others have noted that a distributed set of brain regions supports human episodic (autobiographical) memory, defined as the memory for personal everyday events,[12] and that this brain network overlaps considerably with that supporting navigation in large-scale space and other diverse cognitive functions such as imagination and thinking about the future.[13] In her research Maguire seeks to place episodic memory in the context of wider cognition so as to understand how common brain areas, and possibly common processes, support such disparate functions. In this way she hopes to gain novel and fundamental insights into the mechanisms that are involved.[11]

Her team uses standard whole brain and high resolution structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging in conjunction with behavioural testing and neuropsychological examination of amnesic patients to pursue their aims. They mainly employ ecologically valid or 'real life' experimental paradigms to examine brain-behaviour relationships; examples include using virtual reality to examine navigation,[14][15] investigating autobiographical memories of people's personal past experiences, and their ability to imagine fictitious and future scenes and events. Perhaps the most famous of these is her series of studies on London taxi drivers,[16][17][18] where she documented changes in hippocampal structure associated with acquiring the knowledge of London's layout. A redistribution of grey matter was indicated in London Taxi Drivers compared to controls. This work on hippocampal plasticity not only interested scientists, but also engaged the public and media world-wide.

This is also true of her other work such as that showing that patients with amnesia cannot imagine the future[19] which several years ago was rated as one of the scientific breakthroughs of the year;[20] and her other studies demonstrating that it is possible to decode people's memories from the pattern of fMRI activity in the hippocampus.[21][22]

Maguire's interest is mainly focused on the hippocampus, a brain structure known to be crucial for learning and memory, whilst also exploring the roles of the parahippocampal cortex, the retrosplenial cortex and the ventromedial prefrontal cortex.[22][23][24][25] She has supervised numerous doctoral students including Demis Hassabis.[1]

Public engagement edit

Besides her direct scientific activities, Maguire and her research group have an active public engagement agenda, involving public lectures, school visits and demonstrations, TV, radio and internet contributions, and collaborations with several artists, encouraging people of all ages to think about the value of science in their everyday lives. In February 2014, Maguire delivered a Friday Evening Discourse at The Royal Institution.[26]

Honours and awards edit

Maguire has won a number of prizes for outstanding contributions to science, including:

She was also named as one of 'Twenty Europeans who have changed our lives’ when The European Union launched a new science and innovation initiative several years ago. In 2011, Maguire was elected a Fellow of the Academy of Medical Sciences (FMedSci) and, in 2016, a Fellow of the Royal Society (FRS).[32]

In 2017 she was elected an Honorary Member of the Royal Irish Academy (MRIA)[33] and in July 2018 was elected Fellow of the British Academy (FBA).[34]

Personal life edit

Maguire's entry in Who's Who lists her recreations as "Comedy lover, long-suffering supporter of Crystal Palace Football Club, getting lost."[2]

References edit

  1. ^ a b Hassabis, Demis (2009). Neural processes underpinning episodic memory (PhD thesis). University College London. OCLC 829958436. EThOS uk.bl.ethos.564607.
  2. ^ a b c d e "Maguire, Prof. Eleanor Anne". Who's Who. A & C Black. 2010. doi:10.1093/ww/9780199540884.013.U250614. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  3. ^ Maguire, E. A. (2012). "Eleanor A. Maguire". Current Biology. 22 (24): R1025–R1027. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2012.10.007. PMID 23387005.
  4. ^ Eleanor Maguire publications indexed by the Scopus bibliographic database. (subscription required)
  5. ^ "Eleanor Maguire publications". scholar.google.com. Retrieved 19 April 2015.
  6. ^ a b c "Iris View Profile". iris.ucl.ac.uk. University College London. from the original on 3 July 2018. Retrieved 20 January 2014.
  7. ^ a b . wellcome.ac.uk. London: Wellcome Trust. Archived from the original on 14 May 2016. Retrieved 13 April 2014.
  8. ^ Eleanor Maguire publications from Europe PubMed Central
  9. ^ a b c Maguire, E. A. (1994). Real-world spatial memory following temporal-lobe surgery in humans (Thesis). ProQuest 301509150.
  10. ^ Spiers, H. J. (2001). "Unilateral temporal lobectomy patients show lateralized topographical and episodic memory deficits in a virtual town". Brain. 124 (12): 2476–2489. doi:10.1093/brain/124.12.2476. PMID 11701601.
  11. ^ a b "Memory & Space: Professor Eleanor Maguire FMedSci". Wellcome Trust Centre for Neuroimaging at UCL. from the original on 12 December 2018. Retrieved 1 November 2012.
  12. ^ Maguire, E. A. (2001). "Neuroimaging studies of autobiographical event memory". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 356 (1413): 1441–1451. doi:10.1098/rstb.2001.0944. PMC 1088527. PMID 11571035.
  13. ^ Hassabis, D.; Maguire, E. A. (2007). "Deconstructing episodic memory with construction". Trends in Cognitive Sciences. 11 (7): 299–306. doi:10.1016/j.tics.2007.05.001. PMID 17548229. S2CID 13939288.
  14. ^ Maguire, E. A.; Burgess, N.; Donnett, J. G.; Frackowiak, R. S.; Frith, C. D.; O'Keefe, J. (1998). "Knowing Where and Getting There: A Human Navigation Network". Science. 280 (5365): 921–924. Bibcode:1998Sci...280..921M. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.23.4963. doi:10.1126/science.280.5365.921. PMID 9572740.
  15. ^ Spiers, H. J.; Maguire, E. A. (2006). "Thoughts, behaviour, and brain dynamics during navigation in the real world". NeuroImage. 31 (4): 1826–1840. doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2006.01.037. PMID 16584892. S2CID 3228370.
  16. ^ Maguire, E. A.; Frackowiak, R. S.; Frith, C. D. (1997). "Recalling routes around london: Activation of the right hippocampus in taxi drivers". Journal of Neuroscience. 17 (18): 7103–7110. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.17-18-07103.1997. PMC 6573257. PMID 9278544.
  17. ^ Woollett, K.; Maguire, E. A. (2011). "Acquiring 'the Knowledge' of London's Layout Drives Structural Brain Changes". Current Biology. 21 (24): 2109–2114. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2011.11.018. PMC 3268356. PMID 22169537.
  18. ^ Maguire, E. A.; Gadian, D. G.; Johnsrude, I. S.; Good, C. D.; Ashburner, J.; Frackowiak, R. S. J.; Frith, C. D. (2000). "Navigation-related structural change in the hippocampi of taxi drivers". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 97 (8): 4398–4403. Bibcode:2000PNAS...97.4398M. doi:10.1073/pnas.070039597. PMC 18253. PMID 10716738.
  19. ^ Hassabis, Demis; Kumaran, Dharshan; Vann, Seralynne D.; Maguire, Eleanor A. (30 January 2007). "Patients with hippocampal amnesia cannot imagine new experiences". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 104 (5): 1726–1731. Bibcode:2007PNAS..104.1726H. doi:10.1073/pnas.0610561104. PMC 1773058. PMID 17229836.
  20. ^ News Staff, T. (2007). "BREAKTHROUGH OF THE YEAR: The Runners-Up". Science. 318 (5858): 1844a–. doi:10.1126/science.318.5858.1844a. PMID 18096772.
  21. ^ Chadwick, M. J.; Hassabis, D.; Weiskopf, N.; Maguire, E. A. (2010). "Decoding Individual Episodic Memory Traces in the Human Hippocampus". Current Biology. 20 (6): 544–547. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2010.01.053. PMC 2849012. PMID 20226665.
  22. ^ a b Bonnici, H. M.; Chadwick, M. J.; Lutti, A.; Hassabis, D.; Weiskopf, N.; Maguire, E. A. (2012). "Detecting Representations of Recent and Remote Autobiographical Memories in vmPFC and Hippocampus". Journal of Neuroscience. 32 (47): 16982–16991. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2475-12.2012. PMC 3507449. PMID 23175849.
  23. ^ Zeidman, P.; Mullally, S. A. L.; Schwarzkopf, D. S.; Maguire, E. A. (2012). "Exploring the parahippocampal cortex response to high and low spatial frequency spaces". NeuroReport. 23 (8): 503–507. doi:10.1097/WNR.0b013e328353766a. PMC 3378656. PMID 22473293.
  24. ^ Mullally, S. A. L.; Intraub, H.; Maguire, E. A. (2012). "Attenuated Boundary Extension Produces a Paradoxical Memory Advantage in Amnesic Patients". Current Biology. 22 (4): 261–268. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2012.01.001. PMC 3315012. PMID 22264610.
  25. ^ Auger, S. D.; Mullally, S. A. L.; Maguire, E. A. (2012). Baker, Chris I (ed.). "Retrosplenial Cortex Codes for Permanent Landmarks". PLOS ONE. 7 (8): e43620. Bibcode:2012PLoSO...743620A. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0043620. PMC 3422332. PMID 22912894.
  26. ^ "The Neuroscience of Memory: Friday Evening Discourse with Eleanor Maguire". richannel.org. The Royal Institution. 2014. from the original on 18 March 2014. Retrieved 19 April 2015.
  27. ^ "Winners of the Ig® Nobel Prize". August 2006. from the original on 26 February 2013. Retrieved 22 June 2015.
  28. ^ "About the YIA Awards". from the original on 17 November 2012. Retrieved 2 November 2012.
  29. ^ "Royal Society Rosalind Franklin Award previous winners". from the original on 7 January 2011. Retrieved 2 November 2012.
  30. ^ "Feldberg Foundation Recent British winners". from the original on 19 February 2013. Retrieved 2 November 2012.
  31. ^ "Professor Maguire awarded Kemali prize". UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology (Press release). 13 June 2011.
  32. ^ "Eleanor Maguire". from the original on 29 April 2016. Retrieved 29 April 2016.
  33. ^ "Professor Eleanor Maguire elected Honorary Member of the Royal Irish Academy". UCL News (Press release). 21 December 2017.
  34. ^ "Record number of academics elected to British Academy". The British Academy (Press release). 20 July 2018.
 
Scholia has an author profile for Eleanor Maguire.

April 11, 2024
eleanor, maguire, eleanor, anne, maguire, fmedsci, mria, born, march, 1970, irish, neuroscientist, since, 2007, been, professor, cognitive, neuroscience, university, college, london, where, also, wellcome, trust, principal, research, fellow, fmedsci, mriamagui. Eleanor Anne Maguire FRS FMedSci FBA MRIA born 27 March 1970 2 is an Irish neuroscientist Since 2007 she has been Professor of Cognitive Neuroscience at University College London 3 4 5 6 where she is also a Wellcome Trust Principal Research Fellow 7 8 Eleanor MaguireFRS FMedSci FBA MRIAMaguire in 2016Born 1970 03 27 27 March 1970 age 54 Dublin IrelandNationalityIrishAlma materUniversity College Dublin BA PhD University of Wales Swansea MSc AwardsIg Nobel Prize 2003 Rosalind Franklin Award 2008 Joan Mott Prize Lecture 2013 Scientific careerFieldsNeuroscience Neuropsychology Biomedical imagingInstitutionsUniversity College London Wellcome Trust Centre for NeuroimagingThesis ProQuest 301509150 Real world spatial memory following temporal lobe surgery in humans 1994 Doctoral studentsDemis Hassabis 1 Websiteiris wbr ucl wbr ac wbr uk wbr iris wbr browse wbr profile upi EMAGU26 Contents 1 Early life and education 2 Research and career 2 1 Public engagement 2 2 Honours and awards 3 Personal life 4 ReferencesEarly life and education editMaguire was born in Dublin Ireland 2 She studied psychology at University College Dublin and graduated with a Bachelor of Arts BA Hons degree in 1990 2 She studied Clinical and experimental neuropsychology at University of Wales Swansea and graduated with a Master of Science degree in 1991 6 2 She undertook her Doctor of Philosophy PhD degree at University College Dublin 9 10 Ireland where she first became interested in the neural basis of memory while working with patients as a neuropsychologist at Beaumont Hospital Dublin She completed her PhD in 1994 9 and her doctoral thesis was titled Real world spatial memory following temporal lobe surgery in humans 9 Research and career editMaguire is a Wellcome Trust Principal Research Fellow 7 and Professor of Cognitive Neuroscience at the Wellcome Trust Centre for Neuroimaging at University College London 11 UK where she is also the Deputy Director Maguire heads the Memory and Space research laboratory at the Centre In addition she is an honorary member of the Department of Neuropsychology National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery Queen Square London Maguire and others have noted that a distributed set of brain regions supports human episodic autobiographical memory defined as the memory for personal everyday events 12 and that this brain network overlaps considerably with that supporting navigation in large scale space and other diverse cognitive functions such as imagination and thinking about the future 13 In her research Maguire seeks to place episodic memory in the context of wider cognition so as to understand how common brain areas and possibly common processes support such disparate functions In this way she hopes to gain novel and fundamental insights into the mechanisms that are involved 11 Her team uses standard whole brain and high resolution structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging in conjunction with behavioural testing and neuropsychological examination of amnesic patients to pursue their aims They mainly employ ecologically valid or real life experimental paradigms to examine brain behaviour relationships examples include using virtual reality to examine navigation 14 15 investigating autobiographical memories of people s personal past experiences and their ability to imagine fictitious and future scenes and events Perhaps the most famous of these is her series of studies on London taxi drivers 16 17 18 where she documented changes in hippocampal structure associated with acquiring the knowledge of London s layout A redistribution of grey matter was indicated in London Taxi Drivers compared to controls This work on hippocampal plasticity not only interested scientists but also engaged the public and media world wide This is also true of her other work such as that showing that patients with amnesia cannot imagine the future 19 which several years ago was rated as one of the scientific breakthroughs of the year 20 and her other studies demonstrating that it is possible to decode people s memories from the pattern of fMRI activity in the hippocampus 21 22 Maguire s interest is mainly focused on the hippocampus a brain structure known to be crucial for learning and memory whilst also exploring the roles of the parahippocampal cortex the retrosplenial cortex and the ventromedial prefrontal cortex 22 23 24 25 She has supervised numerous doctoral students including Demis Hassabis 1 Public engagement edit Besides her direct scientific activities Maguire and her research group have an active public engagement agenda involving public lectures school visits and demonstrations TV radio and internet contributions and collaborations with several artists encouraging people of all ages to think about the value of science in their everyday lives In February 2014 Maguire delivered a Friday Evening Discourse at The Royal Institution 26 Honours and awards edit Maguire has won a number of prizes for outstanding contributions to science including 2003 the Ig Nobel Prize for Medicine awarded for presenting evidence that the brains of London taxi drivers are more highly developed than those of their fellow citizens 27 the Cognitive Neuroscience Society Young Investigator Award 28 2008 the Royal Society Rosalind Franklin Award 29 The Feldberg Foundation Prize 30 The IBRO Kemali Prize 6 31 UCD Alumnus of the Year in Research Innovation and Impact 2016She was also named as one of Twenty Europeans who have changed our lives when The European Union launched a new science and innovation initiative several years ago In 2011 Maguire was elected a Fellow of the Academy of Medical Sciences FMedSci and in 2016 a Fellow of the Royal Society FRS 32 In 2017 she was elected an Honorary Member of the Royal Irish Academy MRIA 33 and in July 2018 was elected Fellow of the British Academy FBA 34 Personal life editMaguire s entry in Who s Who lists her recreations as Comedy lover long suffering supporter of Crystal Palace Football Club getting lost 2 References edit a b Hassabis Demis 2009 Neural processes underpinning episodic memory PhD thesis University College London OCLC 829958436 EThOS uk bl ethos 564607 a b c d e Maguire Prof Eleanor Anne Who s Who A amp C Black 2010 doi 10 1093 ww 9780199540884 013 U250614 Subscription or UK public library membership required Maguire E A 2012 Eleanor A Maguire Current Biology 22 24 R1025 R1027 doi 10 1016 j cub 2012 10 007 PMID 23387005 Eleanor Maguire publications indexed by the Scopus bibliographic database subscription required Eleanor Maguire publications scholar google com Retrieved 19 April 2015 a b c Iris View Profile iris ucl ac uk University College London Archived from the original on 3 July 2018 Retrieved 20 January 2014 a b Principal Research Fellows wellcome ac uk London Wellcome Trust Archived from the original on 14 May 2016 Retrieved 13 April 2014 Eleanor Maguire publications from Europe PubMed Central a b c Maguire E A 1994 Real world spatial memory following temporal lobe surgery in humans Thesis ProQuest 301509150 Spiers H J 2001 Unilateral temporal lobectomy patients show lateralized topographical and episodic memory deficits in a virtual town Brain 124 12 2476 2489 doi 10 1093 brain 124 12 2476 PMID 11701601 a b Memory amp Space Professor Eleanor Maguire FMedSci Wellcome Trust Centre for Neuroimaging at UCL Archived from the original on 12 December 2018 Retrieved 1 November 2012 Maguire E A 2001 Neuroimaging studies of autobiographical event memory Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences 356 1413 1441 1451 doi 10 1098 rstb 2001 0944 PMC 1088527 PMID 11571035 Hassabis D Maguire E A 2007 Deconstructing episodic memory with construction Trends in Cognitive Sciences 11 7 299 306 doi 10 1016 j tics 2007 05 001 PMID 17548229 S2CID 13939288 Maguire E A Burgess N Donnett J G Frackowiak R S Frith C D O Keefe J 1998 Knowing Where and Getting There A Human Navigation Network Science 280 5365 921 924 Bibcode 1998Sci 280 921M CiteSeerX 10 1 1 23 4963 doi 10 1126 science 280 5365 921 PMID 9572740 Spiers H J Maguire E A 2006 Thoughts behaviour and brain dynamics during navigation in the real world NeuroImage 31 4 1826 1840 doi 10 1016 j neuroimage 2006 01 037 PMID 16584892 S2CID 3228370 Maguire E A Frackowiak R S Frith C D 1997 Recalling routes around london Activation of the right hippocampus in taxi drivers Journal of Neuroscience 17 18 7103 7110 doi 10 1523 JNEUROSCI 17 18 07103 1997 PMC 6573257 PMID 9278544 Woollett K Maguire E A 2011 Acquiring the Knowledge of London s Layout Drives Structural Brain Changes Current Biology 21 24 2109 2114 doi 10 1016 j cub 2011 11 018 PMC 3268356 PMID 22169537 Maguire E A Gadian D G Johnsrude I S Good C D Ashburner J Frackowiak R S J Frith C D 2000 Navigation related structural change in the hippocampi of taxi drivers Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 97 8 4398 4403 Bibcode 2000PNAS 97 4398M doi 10 1073 pnas 070039597 PMC 18253 PMID 10716738 Hassabis Demis Kumaran Dharshan Vann Seralynne D Maguire Eleanor A 30 January 2007 Patients with hippocampal amnesia cannot imagine new experiences Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 104 5 1726 1731 Bibcode 2007PNAS 104 1726H doi 10 1073 pnas 0610561104 PMC 1773058 PMID 17229836 News Staff T 2007 BREAKTHROUGH OF THE YEAR The Runners Up Science 318 5858 1844a doi 10 1126 science 318 5858 1844a PMID 18096772 Chadwick M J Hassabis D Weiskopf N Maguire E A 2010 Decoding Individual Episodic Memory Traces in the Human Hippocampus Current Biology 20 6 544 547 doi 10 1016 j cub 2010 01 053 PMC 2849012 PMID 20226665 a b Bonnici H M Chadwick M J Lutti A Hassabis D Weiskopf N Maguire E A 2012 Detecting Representations of Recent and Remote Autobiographical Memories in vmPFC and Hippocampus Journal of Neuroscience 32 47 16982 16991 doi 10 1523 JNEUROSCI 2475 12 2012 PMC 3507449 PMID 23175849 Zeidman P Mullally S A L Schwarzkopf D S Maguire E A 2012 Exploring the parahippocampal cortex response to high and low spatial frequency spaces NeuroReport 23 8 503 507 doi 10 1097 WNR 0b013e328353766a PMC 3378656 PMID 22473293 Mullally S A L Intraub H Maguire E A 2012 Attenuated Boundary Extension Produces a Paradoxical Memory Advantage in Amnesic Patients Current Biology 22 4 261 268 doi 10 1016 j cub 2012 01 001 PMC 3315012 PMID 22264610 Auger S D Mullally S A L Maguire E A 2012 Baker Chris I ed Retrosplenial Cortex Codes for Permanent Landmarks PLOS ONE 7 8 e43620 Bibcode 2012PLoSO 743620A doi 10 1371 journal pone 0043620 PMC 3422332 PMID 22912894 The Neuroscience of Memory Friday Evening Discourse with Eleanor Maguire richannel org The Royal Institution 2014 Archived from the original on 18 March 2014 Retrieved 19 April 2015 Winners of the Ig Nobel Prize August 2006 Archived from the original on 26 February 2013 Retrieved 22 June 2015 About the YIA Awards Archived from the original on 17 November 2012 Retrieved 2 November 2012 Royal Society Rosalind Franklin Award previous winners Archived from the original on 7 January 2011 Retrieved 2 November 2012 Feldberg Foundation Recent British winners Archived from the original on 19 February 2013 Retrieved 2 November 2012 Professor Maguire awarded Kemali prize UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology Press release 13 June 2011 Eleanor Maguire Archived from the original on 29 April 2016 Retrieved 29 April 2016 Professor Eleanor Maguire elected Honorary Member of the Royal Irish Academy UCL News Press release 21 December 2017 Record number of academics elected to British Academy The British Academy Press release 20 July 2018 nbsp Scholia has an author profile for Eleanor Maguire Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Eleanor Maguire amp oldid 1196727063, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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