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Edward Carter (of Blenheim)

Edward Hill Carter (1733–1793) (nicknamed "Ned") was a Virginia planter, military officer and politician, who served terms in the Virginia House of Burgesses and the Virginia House of Delegates, representing Albemarle County. He was a neighbor and correspondent of Thomas Jefferson, and spent winters in Fredericksburg, which his wife preferred. Col. Edward Carter fought in what became known as the French and Indian War, and afterward operated several plantations in Albemarle as well as neighboring Amherst and Nelson Counties using enslaved labor. He was one of the wealthiest men in all three counties following the American Revolutionary War.[1][2][3]

Edward Carter
Member of the House of Delegates for Albemarle County
In office
October 15, 1787 – June 22, 1788
Serving with George Nicholas
Preceded byJohn Nicholas
Succeeded byFrancis Walker
In office
May 5, 1783 – October 16, 1785
Preceded byThomas Walker
Succeeded byJoshua Fry
Member of the House of Burgesses for Albemarle County
In office
1766–1768
Serving with Thomas Walker
Preceded byHenry Fry
Succeeded byThomas Jefferson
Personal details
Born1733 (1733)
Shirley Plantation, Charles City County, Colony of Virginia
DiedJune 28, 1806(1806-06-28) (aged 73–74)
Roxbury Plantation, Spotsylvania County, Virginia
NationalityAmerican
SpouseSarah Champe
ChildrenElizabeth Stanard
Parent(s)John Carter, Elizabeth Hill
Relatives"King" Carter (grandfather), Edward Hill (great grandfather), Landon Carter (uncle), Robert Carter III (uncle), Charles Hill Carter (brother)
Residence(s)Blenheim plantation, Albemarle County, Virginia
Occupationplanter, politician

Early and family life edit

The youngest son of the former Elizabeth Hill and her husband John Carter was born at the Hill family's historic Shirley Plantation in Charles City County, which his parents received as a wedding present. His eldest brother, John Hill Carter, was alive in 1728 when their middle (and ultimately wealthiest) brother Charles Hill Carter was born and their enormously wealthy grandfather Robert Carter I died, and may have still been alive in 1777, but has left little historical footprint. Both Charles and Edward were underage when their father died in 1742, so they became wards of their uncle Landon Carter, who raised them with his children at Sabine Hall.[4] Complicating matters, his brother Charles Hill Carter would name one of his twin sons Edward, and that son also served in the Virginia House of Delegates, but represented Prince William County, Virginia, where his estate was known as "Cloverdale". After Landon Carter's death, Charles and Edward became wards of Richard Byrd III, the husband of their aunt Elizabeth and whose plantation Berkeley plantation was much nearer Shirley plantation, which young Charles Hill Carter inherited upon reaching legal age.

When Edward Carter reached legal age and came into his own inheritance, he married his distant cousin Sarah Champe (1733–1814), daughter of Burgess, John Champe and his wife Jane of King George County, Virginia. Sarah Carter survived her husband despite bearing thirteen children, of whom eleven reached adulthood and had children.[5] Sarah Champe definitely preferred living in Fredericksburg, Virginia, the nearest town to where she had been raised, rather than still-rural Albemarle County, even if it was nearer her husband's vast inherited acreage. Thus, for years they wintered in Fredericksburg, and spent summers in Albemarle County. Their surviving sons included Charles Carter (1751–1826), Edward Carter Jr. (1756– ), John Champe Carter (1758–1826), Robert Carter (1778–1809), William Champe Carter (d. 1834), Whitaker Carter (d. 1821) and Hill Carter. Their daughters included Sarah Carter (who married her cousin George Carter, son of Edward's former playmate and burgess Robert Wormeley Carter of Sabine Hall; and after his death married Dr. John Brown Cutting and had a son), Elizabeth Carter (1762–1818; who married William Stanard of Roxbury Plantation in Spotsylvania County and who cared for her parents in their final years), Jane Carter (1765–1846; who married first British Major Samuel Kellet Bradford, then Major Jean Artur Verminet of Alexandria, Virginia), Mary Champe Carter (1778–1846; who married future judge Francis Taliaferro Brooke who owned plantations near Fredericksburg) and Anne (Nancy) Williams Carter (who married future Georgia Governor George M. Troupe). Edward Carter would ultimately disinherit his son John Champe Carter (for reasons which caused varied later speculation, ranging from mental distress caused by his Revolutionary War service or a gambling problem which caused his father-in-law to establish a trust for his daughter and grandchildren), and enlisted his neighbor Thomas Jefferson for legal help in breaking entail so as to split his inherited and accumulated acreage among his other sons. Charles Carter owned the plantations "Eastern View" in Culpeper County and "Deerwood" in Pittsylvania County, and married Betty Lewis (1765–1830), daughter of their Fredericksburg neighbors Col. Fielding Lewis and Betsy Washington Lewis, so they too spent a great deal of time in Fredericksburg. Edward Carter Jr. married three times. Robert Carter received the Redlands plantation in Albemarle County and married neighbor Mary Eliza Coles (1776–1856). William Carter inherited "Viewmont" in Albemarle County from his parents and named his other plantation "Farley" to honor his wife's family. Their youngest son Hill Carter received "Mine Hill" plantation in Amherst County, which he represented in the Virginia House of Delegates.[6]

Career edit

John Carter had patented (claimed) 9350 acres of land immediately south of Monticello plantation in Albemarle County in 1730. John Carter also acquired 10,000 acres in Amherst County. Both parcels would become Edward's inheritance, and he acquired additional adjacent land in Albemarle County, on which he built a house known as "Blenheim". Carter farmed it using indentured but mostly using enslaved labor. He also established a forge, as discussed below. Carter was by far the largest taxpayer and slaveholder in Albemarle County in 1782, with 237 slaves, 198 cattle, 62 horses and mules, and 4 carriage wheels.[7] According to the first Virginia tax census following the American Revolutionary War, in 1787, Edward Carter Esq. owned 112 enslaved people above age 16 in Albemarle County, as well as 115 younger slaves, 60 horses, and 116 cattle.[8]

Carter first represented Albemarle County in the House of Burgesses, during the 1766–1768 term, when he defeated veteran Henry Fry.[9][10]

In 1768, Edward Carter joined with local notables Thomas Walker, William Cabell and Alexander Trent to finance John Wilkerson, who founded the Albemarle Iron Works (Wilkinson holding 1/3 of the stock and each of the rest owning 1/6 of the corporation)[11] In 1776 Carter was among the signers of a petition against subversion of religious freedom (alongside George Gilmer, Philip Mazzei, Jacob Moon and others).[12] Major General William Phillips, the surrendered British commander, was housed at Blenheim before being exchanged for captured American General Benjamin Lincoln in 1780.[13] And Carter was among the many Amherst County property owners who in 1782 filed for property impressed or taken for public service in that county during the conflict.[14]

Death and legacy edit

In his final years Edward Carter moved to near Fredericksburg, where he and his wife lived at a townhouse which would later be destroyed by fire (and start a conflaguration which destroyed nearly half of that city) in 1807. His daughter Elizabeth and her husband lived nearby at his Roxbury plantation in Spotsylvania County. Edward Carter died in 1793, having written a will in 1792, which was duly admitted to probate in Spotsylvania County, despite freeing some enslaved. The Library of Virginia has also acquired some of the Carter family papers.[15]

Carter's Blenheim manor house disappeared before 1840, and Congressman Andrew Stevenson acquired the underlying land and erected a now-historic house. However, another part of the original Carter property is now cultivated as Blenheim Vineyards, which includes a tasting room.[16]

References edit

  1. ^ Tyler, Lyon Gardiner (1915). Encyclopedia of Virginia Biography. Vol. 1. p. 204.
  2. ^ George Selden Wallace, The Carters of Blenheim; a genealogy of Edward and Sarah Champe , available at https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=wu.89062882915&view=1up&seq=22
  3. ^ B. Noland Carter II, A Goodley Heritage: A History of the Carter Family in Virginia (Virginia Genealogical Society 2004), vol. 1 pp. 237–311
  4. ^ See note on talk page
  5. ^ Wallace p. 5
  6. ^ Tyler Carlton, Florence (1982). A Genealogy of the Known Descendants of Robert Carter of Corotoman. Irvington: Foundation for Christ Church Inc. pp. 63, 68, 76, 88, 98, 106, 107, 108. LCCN 83081512.
  7. ^ Moore, John (1976). Albemarle: Jefferson's County, 1727–1976. University Press of Virginia. Charlottesville, Virginia. p. 84.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  8. ^ Schreiner-Yantis, Netti; Love, Florene Speakman (1987). The 1787 Census of Virginia. Genealogical Books in Print. Springfield, Virginia. p. 147.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  9. ^ Leonard, Cynthia Miller (1978). The Virginia General Assembly 1619–1978. Richmond, Virginia: Virginia State Library. pp. 94, 149, 153.
  10. ^ Moore, p. 43
  11. ^ Moore, p. 40
  12. ^ Moore, p. 53
  13. ^ Moore, p. 60
  14. ^ Sweeny, Lenora (1951). Amherst County, Virginia in the Revolution. J.P.Bell Company. Lynchburg, Virginia. p. 70.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  15. ^ "A Guide to the Carter Family Papers, 1718–1833 Carter Family Papers, 1718–1833 25840".
  16. ^ "Blenheim Vineyards – About Us".

edward, carter, blenheim, edward, hill, carter, 1733, 1793, nicknamed, virginia, planter, military, officer, politician, served, terms, virginia, house, burgesses, virginia, house, delegates, representing, albemarle, county, neighbor, correspondent, thomas, je. Edward Hill Carter 1733 1793 nicknamed Ned was a Virginia planter military officer and politician who served terms in the Virginia House of Burgesses and the Virginia House of Delegates representing Albemarle County He was a neighbor and correspondent of Thomas Jefferson and spent winters in Fredericksburg which his wife preferred Col Edward Carter fought in what became known as the French and Indian War and afterward operated several plantations in Albemarle as well as neighboring Amherst and Nelson Counties using enslaved labor He was one of the wealthiest men in all three counties following the American Revolutionary War 1 2 3 Edward CarterMember of the House of Delegates for Albemarle CountyIn office October 15 1787 June 22 1788Serving with George NicholasPreceded byJohn NicholasSucceeded byFrancis WalkerIn office May 5 1783 October 16 1785Serving with George Nicholas Wilson Cary NicholasPreceded byThomas WalkerSucceeded byJoshua FryMember of the House of Burgesses for Albemarle CountyIn office 1766 1768Serving with Thomas WalkerPreceded byHenry FrySucceeded byThomas JeffersonPersonal detailsBorn1733 1733 Shirley Plantation Charles City County Colony of VirginiaDiedJune 28 1806 1806 06 28 aged 73 74 Roxbury Plantation Spotsylvania County VirginiaNationalityAmericanSpouseSarah ChampeChildrenElizabeth StanardParent s John Carter Elizabeth HillRelatives King Carter grandfather Edward Hill great grandfather Landon Carter uncle Robert Carter III uncle Charles Hill Carter brother Residence s Blenheim plantation Albemarle County VirginiaOccupationplanter politician Contents 1 Early and family life 2 Career 3 Death and legacy 4 ReferencesEarly and family life editThe youngest son of the former Elizabeth Hill and her husband John Carter was born at the Hill family s historic Shirley Plantation in Charles City County which his parents received as a wedding present His eldest brother John Hill Carter was alive in 1728 when their middle and ultimately wealthiest brother Charles Hill Carter was born and their enormously wealthy grandfather Robert Carter I died and may have still been alive in 1777 but has left little historical footprint Both Charles and Edward were underage when their father died in 1742 so they became wards of their uncle Landon Carter who raised them with his children at Sabine Hall 4 Complicating matters his brother Charles Hill Carter would name one of his twin sons Edward and that son also served in the Virginia House of Delegates but represented Prince William County Virginia where his estate was known as Cloverdale After Landon Carter s death Charles and Edward became wards of Richard Byrd III the husband of their aunt Elizabeth and whose plantation Berkeley plantation was much nearer Shirley plantation which young Charles Hill Carter inherited upon reaching legal age When Edward Carter reached legal age and came into his own inheritance he married his distant cousin Sarah Champe 1733 1814 daughter of Burgess John Champe and his wife Jane of King George County Virginia Sarah Carter survived her husband despite bearing thirteen children of whom eleven reached adulthood and had children 5 Sarah Champe definitely preferred living in Fredericksburg Virginia the nearest town to where she had been raised rather than still rural Albemarle County even if it was nearer her husband s vast inherited acreage Thus for years they wintered in Fredericksburg and spent summers in Albemarle County Their surviving sons included Charles Carter 1751 1826 Edward Carter Jr 1756 John Champe Carter 1758 1826 Robert Carter 1778 1809 William Champe Carter d 1834 Whitaker Carter d 1821 and Hill Carter Their daughters included Sarah Carter who married her cousin George Carter son of Edward s former playmate and burgess Robert Wormeley Carter of Sabine Hall and after his death married Dr John Brown Cutting and had a son Elizabeth Carter 1762 1818 who married William Stanard of Roxbury Plantation in Spotsylvania County and who cared for her parents in their final years Jane Carter 1765 1846 who married first British Major Samuel Kellet Bradford then Major Jean Artur Verminet of Alexandria Virginia Mary Champe Carter 1778 1846 who married future judge Francis Taliaferro Brooke who owned plantations near Fredericksburg and Anne Nancy Williams Carter who married future Georgia Governor George M Troupe Edward Carter would ultimately disinherit his son John Champe Carter for reasons which caused varied later speculation ranging from mental distress caused by his Revolutionary War service or a gambling problem which caused his father in law to establish a trust for his daughter and grandchildren and enlisted his neighbor Thomas Jefferson for legal help in breaking entail so as to split his inherited and accumulated acreage among his other sons Charles Carter owned the plantations Eastern View in Culpeper County and Deerwood in Pittsylvania County and married Betty Lewis 1765 1830 daughter of their Fredericksburg neighbors Col Fielding Lewis and Betsy Washington Lewis so they too spent a great deal of time in Fredericksburg Edward Carter Jr married three times Robert Carter received the Redlands plantation in Albemarle County and married neighbor Mary Eliza Coles 1776 1856 William Carter inherited Viewmont in Albemarle County from his parents and named his other plantation Farley to honor his wife s family Their youngest son Hill Carter received Mine Hill plantation in Amherst County which he represented in the Virginia House of Delegates 6 Career editJohn Carter had patented claimed 9350 acres of land immediately south of Monticello plantation in Albemarle County in 1730 John Carter also acquired 10 000 acres in Amherst County Both parcels would become Edward s inheritance and he acquired additional adjacent land in Albemarle County on which he built a house known as Blenheim Carter farmed it using indentured but mostly using enslaved labor He also established a forge as discussed below Carter was by far the largest taxpayer and slaveholder in Albemarle County in 1782 with 237 slaves 198 cattle 62 horses and mules and 4 carriage wheels 7 According to the first Virginia tax census following the American Revolutionary War in 1787 Edward Carter Esq owned 112 enslaved people above age 16 in Albemarle County as well as 115 younger slaves 60 horses and 116 cattle 8 Carter first represented Albemarle County in the House of Burgesses during the 1766 1768 term when he defeated veteran Henry Fry 9 10 In 1768 Edward Carter joined with local notables Thomas Walker William Cabell and Alexander Trent to finance John Wilkerson who founded the Albemarle Iron Works Wilkinson holding 1 3 of the stock and each of the rest owning 1 6 of the corporation 11 In 1776 Carter was among the signers of a petition against subversion of religious freedom alongside George Gilmer Philip Mazzei Jacob Moon and others 12 Major General William Phillips the surrendered British commander was housed at Blenheim before being exchanged for captured American General Benjamin Lincoln in 1780 13 And Carter was among the many Amherst County property owners who in 1782 filed for property impressed or taken for public service in that county during the conflict 14 Death and legacy editIn his final years Edward Carter moved to near Fredericksburg where he and his wife lived at a townhouse which would later be destroyed by fire and start a conflaguration which destroyed nearly half of that city in 1807 His daughter Elizabeth and her husband lived nearby at his Roxbury plantation in Spotsylvania County Edward Carter died in 1793 having written a will in 1792 which was duly admitted to probate in Spotsylvania County despite freeing some enslaved The Library of Virginia has also acquired some of the Carter family papers 15 Carter s Blenheim manor house disappeared before 1840 and Congressman Andrew Stevenson acquired the underlying land and erected a now historic house However another part of the original Carter property is now cultivated as Blenheim Vineyards which includes a tasting room 16 References edit Tyler Lyon Gardiner 1915 Encyclopedia of Virginia Biography Vol 1 p 204 George Selden Wallace The Carters of Blenheim a genealogy of Edward and Sarah Champe available at https babel hathitrust org cgi pt id wu 89062882915 amp view 1up amp seq 22 B Noland Carter II A Goodley Heritage A History of the Carter Family in Virginia Virginia Genealogical Society 2004 vol 1 pp 237 311 See note on talk page Wallace p 5 Tyler Carlton Florence 1982 A Genealogy of the Known Descendants of Robert Carter of Corotoman Irvington Foundation for Christ Church Inc pp 63 68 76 88 98 106 107 108 LCCN 83081512 Moore John 1976 Albemarle Jefferson s County 1727 1976 University Press of Virginia Charlottesville Virginia p 84 a href Template Cite book html title Template Cite book cite book a CS1 maint location missing publisher link Schreiner Yantis Netti Love Florene Speakman 1987 The 1787 Census of Virginia Genealogical Books in Print Springfield Virginia p 147 a href Template Cite book html title Template Cite book cite book a CS1 maint location missing publisher link Leonard Cynthia Miller 1978 The Virginia General Assembly 1619 1978 Richmond Virginia Virginia State Library pp 94 149 153 Moore p 43 Moore p 40 Moore p 53 Moore p 60 Sweeny Lenora 1951 Amherst County Virginia in the Revolution J P Bell Company Lynchburg Virginia p 70 a href Template Cite book html title Template Cite book cite book a CS1 maint location missing publisher link A Guide to the Carter Family Papers 1718 1833 Carter Family Papers 1718 1833 25840 Blenheim Vineyards About Us Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Edward Carter of Blenheim amp oldid 1117748440, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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