The Nishnabotna River (/nɪʃnəˈbɑːtnə/) is a tributary of the Missouri River in southwestern Iowa, northwestern Missouri and southeastern Nebraska in the United States. It flows for most of its length as two parallel streams in Iowa, the East Nishnabotna River and the West Nishnabotna River. The east and west branches are each about 120 miles (190 km) long; from their confluence the Nishnabotna flows approximately another 16 miles (26 km).[1]
The mouth of the Nishnabotna River at the Missouri River viewed from the southwest
Flooding (and levee breach) at the confluence on June 16, 2011, during the 2011 Missouri River floods viewed from the northeast. The meander in the river is where it briefly crosses from Missouri to Nebraska on McKissick Island and then back to Missouri before entering the Missouri River.
Several sections of the rivers' courses have been straightened and heavily channelized.
The name "Nishnabotna" comes from an Otoe (Chiwere) word meaning "canoe-making river."
This excerpt from the Lewis and Clark map of 1814 shows the rivers of southwest Iowa, southeast Nebraska, and northwest Missouri. The "Nish-na-bot-to-na River" is seen in the west-central portion of the map.
The West Nishnabotna River rises in southwestern Carroll County and also flows generally south-southwestwardly through Crawford, Shelby, Pottawattamie, Mills and Fremont Counties, past the towns of Manning, Irwin, Kirkman, Harlan, Avoca, Hancock, Oakland and Carson. At Harlan it collects the West Fork West Nishnabotna River, which rises in southwestern Carroll County and flows southwestwardly through Crawford and Shelby Counties, past Manilla and Defiance. Near Avoca it collects the East Branch West Nishnabotna River, which rises in southwestern Carroll County and flows southwestwardly through Audubon, Shelby and Pottawattamie Counties, past Gray. The West Nishnabotna was the topic of a humorous song "Four Wheel Drive" on the 1975 C.W. McCall album Wolf Creek Pass. At Randolph, Iowa, the river averages 747 cubic feet per second.[3]
Lower river
Topographic map of the McKissick Island area
The East and West rivers merge in southwestern Fremont County and continue as the Nishnabotna River for its short course past Hamburg and into northwestern Atchison County, Missouri, where it flows into the Missouri River 2 mi (3 km) west of Watson.
In the last mile of the river it flows from Missouri to Nebraska and back to Missouri before entering the Missouri river in west central Atchison County, MO. This is because an 1867 flood straightened a bend in the Missouri and caused the Nishnabotna to flow about two miles further to reach the Missouri. The Nishnabotna forms roughly the southeastern border of the 5,000 acre McKissick Island which was the land Nebraska and Missouri both claimed. The Supreme Court in 1904 officially drew the border with Nebraska getting the land although it is east of Nebraska's normal eastern border which is the river.[4][5][6] At Hamburg, the river has a mean annual discharge of 1,441 cubic feet per second.[7]
Recreation
Parks along the river include Botna Bend in Hancock, Willow Slough Wildlife Management Area 3 miles southwest of Henderson, and Riverton Wildlife Management Area, just north of Riverton. Canoe rentals are available at Botna Bend. The best paddling is between Hancock and Carson on the west fork and between Lewis and Griswold on the east fork (see "Paddling Iowa" by Nate Hoogeveen). The Wabash Trace Nature Trail crosses both forks. At its crossing of the west fork one can see the wreckage of a freight train that derailed and went into the drink in the 1960s.
^U.S. Geological Survey. National Hydrography Dataset high-resolution flowline data. The National Map 2012-03-29 at the Wayback Machine, accessed March 30, 2011
^"USGS Current Conditions for USGS 06809500 East Nishnabotna River at Red Oak, IA".
^"USGS Current Conditions for USGS 06808500 West Nishnabotna River at Randolph, IA".
^McKissick's Island Survey Featured in National Archive Museum. March 30, 2010.
^"USGS Current Conditions for USGS 06810000 Nishnabotna River above Hamburg, IA".
^U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Nishnabotna River
^Stuart, Robert. The Discovery of the Oregon Trail: Robert Stuart's Narratives of His Overland Trip Eastward from Astoria in 1812-13, page 243. (University of Nebraska Press, 1935). ISBN0-80329-234-1
GNIS entries for U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Nishnabotna River, U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: East Nishnabotna River, U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: West Nishnabotna River, U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: East Branch West Nishnabotna River, U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: West Fork West Nishnabotna River
The Origin of Certain Place Names of the United States
nishnabotna, river, former, high, school, nishnabotna, high, school, ɑː, tributary, missouri, river, southwestern, iowa, northwestern, missouri, southeastern, nebraska, united, states, flows, most, length, parallel, streams, iowa, east, west, east, west, branc. For the former high school see Nishnabotna High School The Nishnabotna River n ɪ ʃ n e ˈ b ɑː t n e is a tributary of the Missouri River in southwestern Iowa northwestern Missouri and southeastern Nebraska in the United States It flows for most of its length as two parallel streams in Iowa the East Nishnabotna River and the West Nishnabotna River The east and west branches are each about 120 miles 190 km long from their confluence the Nishnabotna flows approximately another 16 miles 26 km 1 The mouth of the Nishnabotna River at the Missouri River viewed from the southwest Flooding and levee breach at the confluence on June 16 2011 during the 2011 Missouri River floods viewed from the northeast The meander in the river is where it briefly crosses from Missouri to Nebraska on McKissick Island and then back to Missouri before entering the Missouri River Several sections of the rivers courses have been straightened and heavily channelized The name Nishnabotna comes from an Otoe Chiwere word meaning canoe making river Contents 1 Course 1 1 East Nishnabotna River 1 2 West Nishnabotna River 1 3 Lower river 2 Recreation 3 Variant names 4 See also 5 SourcesCourse EditEast Nishnabotna River Edit This excerpt from the Lewis and Clark map of 1814 shows the rivers of southwest Iowa southeast Nebraska and northwest Missouri The Nish na bot to na River is seen in the west central portion of the map The East Nishnabotna rises in southwestern Carroll County and flows generally south southwestwardly through Audubon Cass Pottawattamie Montgomery Page and Fremont Counties past the towns of Exira Brayton Atlantic Lewis Elliott Shenandoah Red Oak and Riverton At Red Oak the river s average discharge is 506 cubic feet per second 2 West Nishnabotna River Edit The West Nishnabotna River rises in southwestern Carroll County and also flows generally south southwestwardly through Crawford Shelby Pottawattamie Mills and Fremont Counties past the towns of Manning Irwin Kirkman Harlan Avoca Hancock Oakland and Carson At Harlan it collects the West Fork West Nishnabotna River which rises in southwestern Carroll County and flows southwestwardly through Crawford and Shelby Counties past Manilla and Defiance Near Avoca it collects the East Branch West Nishnabotna River which rises in southwestern Carroll County and flows southwestwardly through Audubon Shelby and Pottawattamie Counties past Gray The West Nishnabotna was the topic of a humorous song Four Wheel Drive on the 1975 C W McCall album Wolf Creek Pass At Randolph Iowa the river averages 747 cubic feet per second 3 Lower river Edit Topographic map of the McKissick Island area The East and West rivers merge in southwestern Fremont County and continue as the Nishnabotna River for its short course past Hamburg and into northwestern Atchison County Missouri where it flows into the Missouri River 2 mi 3 km west of Watson In the last mile of the river it flows from Missouri to Nebraska and back to Missouri before entering the Missouri river in west central Atchison County MO This is because an 1867 flood straightened a bend in the Missouri and caused the Nishnabotna to flow about two miles further to reach the Missouri The Nishnabotna forms roughly the southeastern border of the 5 000 acre McKissick Island which was the land Nebraska and Missouri both claimed The Supreme Court in 1904 officially drew the border with Nebraska getting the land although it is east of Nebraska s normal eastern border which is the river 4 5 6 At Hamburg the river has a mean annual discharge of 1 441 cubic feet per second 7 Recreation EditParks along the river include Botna Bend in Hancock Willow Slough Wildlife Management Area 3 miles southwest of Henderson and Riverton Wildlife Management Area just north of Riverton Canoe rentals are available at Botna Bend The best paddling is between Hancock and Carson on the west fork and between Lewis and Griswold on the east fork see Paddling Iowa by Nate Hoogeveen The Wabash Trace Nature Trail crosses both forks At its crossing of the west fork one can see the wreckage of a freight train that derailed and went into the drink in the 1960s Variant names EditAccording to the Geographic Names Information System the river has also been known as 8 Good Canoe River Nishabotna River Nishabotny River Nishabotony River Nishebotona River Nishnabotony River Nishnebotna River Nishnebotne River Nishnebotona River Nishnebottona River Willo River Willow SloughOther literature sources 9 cite many of the above name in addition to Ichinipokine River Neeshba Creek Neeshnahbotona Creek Nichinanbatonais River Nichinibatone River Nishnahbatona River Nishnay Baton River Washbatonan RiverSee also EditList of Iowa rivers List of Missouri rivers List of Nebraska rivers Mormon TrailSources Edit U S Geological Survey National Hydrography Dataset high resolution flowline data The National Map Archived 2012 03 29 at the Wayback Machine accessed March 30 2011 USGS Current Conditions for USGS 06809500 East Nishnabotna River at Red Oak IA USGS Current Conditions for USGS 06808500 West Nishnabotna River at Randolph IA McKissick s Island Survey Featured in National Archive Museum March 30 2010 http www nebraskatransportation org maps docs county 20maps pdfs cntynema pdf bare URL PDF Google Maps USGS Current Conditions for USGS 06810000 Nishnabotna River above Hamburg IA U S Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System Nishnabotna River Stuart Robert The Discovery of the Oregon Trail Robert Stuart s Narratives of His Overland Trip Eastward from Astoria in 1812 13 page 243 University of Nebraska Press 1935 ISBN 0 80329 234 1 Columbia Gazetteer of North America entry DeLorme 1998 Iowa Atlas amp Gazetteer Yarmouth Maine DeLorme ISBN 0 89933 214 5 DeLorme 2002 Missouri Atlas amp Gazetteer Yarmouth Maine DeLorme ISBN 0 89933 353 2 GNIS entries for U S Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System Nishnabotna River U S Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System East Nishnabotna River U S Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System West Nishnabotna River U S Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System East Branch West Nishnabotna River U S Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System West Fork West Nishnabotna River The Origin of Certain Place Names of the United StatesCoordinates 40 30 52 N 95 40 38 W 40 5145 N 95 6773 W 40 5145 95 6773 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Nishnabotna River amp oldid 1100318949, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
