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List of Earth-crossing asteroids

April 12, 2024

An Earth-crosser is a near-Earth asteroid whose orbit crosses that of Earth as observed from the ecliptic pole of Earth's orbit.[1] The known numbered Earth-crossers are listed here. Those Earth-crossers whose semi-major axes are smaller than Earth's are Aten asteroids; the remaining ones are Apollo asteroids. (See also the Amor asteroids.)

Diagram showing different asteroid paths. The yellow band marks the Earth's orbit; the red line marks the asteroid's path.
Outer-grazer(†): middle, bottom
Crosser: right, bottom
Close approach trajectory of 2004 FH in the Earth–Moon system
Flyby of the near-Earth asteroid 2004 FH in March 2004. The other object that flashes by is an artificial satellite. Images were by Stefano Sposetti and composite by Raoul Behrend of Geneva Observatory

An asteroid with an Earth-crossing orbit is not necessarily in danger of colliding with Earth. The orbit of an Earth-crossing asteroid may not even intersect with that of Earth. This apparent contradiction arises because many asteroids have highly inclined orbits, so although they may have a perihelion less than that of Earth, their paths can never cross. An asteroid for which there is some possibility of a collision with Earth at a future date and which is above a certain size is classified as a potentially hazardous asteroid (PHA). Specifically, an asteroid is a PHA if its Earth minimum orbital intersection distance (MOID) is <0.05 AU and its absolute magnitude is 22 or brighter.[2] The concept of PHA is intended to replace the now abandoned strict definition of ECA (Earth-crossing asteroid) which existed for a few years. Determining if an asteroid was an ECA required calculation of its orbits millennia into the future, including planetary gravitational perturbations, to assess whether a collision with Earth was possible and this has proved to be impractical.[3]

Having a small MOID is not a guarantee of a collision. On the other hand, small gravitational perturbations of the asteroid around its orbit from planets that it passes can significantly alter its path. For instance, 99942 Apophis will approach Earth so closely in 2029 that it will get under the orbit of the Earth's geostationary satellites.[4]

Of the Earth-crossing asteroids, 3753 Cruithne is notable for having an orbit that has the same period as Earth's.

List edit

Notes: † outer-grazer

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ Report of the Task Force on potentially hazardous Near Earth Objects, p49, Department of Trade and Industry (UK), September 2000, Pub 4990/5k/9/00/NP.URN00/1041, retrieved online 7 March 2009 at the Wayback Machine, 16 May 2009.
  2. ^ "Near Earth Object Program", National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 3 May 2009.
  3. ^ Brian G. Marsden, "Press Information Sheet:Potentially Hazardous Asteroids", Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, retrieved online 3 May 2009.
  4. ^ Dr. Tony Phillips, "Friday the 13th, 2029", Science@NASA, retrieved online 24 March 2010 at the Wayback Machine May 3, 2009.
  5. ^ MPEC 2020-Q51 : 2020 QG, Minor Planet Center, https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K20/K20Q51.html, 17 August 2020, accessed 17 August 2020.
  6. ^ Newly-discovered asteroid ZTF0DxQ passed less than 1/4 Earth diameter yesterday, making it the closest-known flyby that didn't hit our planet., Tony Dunn, 17 August 2020.

External links edit

  • Very Close Approaches (<0.01 AU) of PHAs to Earth 1900–2200
  • Upcoming Close Approaches (<0.10 AU) of Near-Earth Objects to Earth
  • Table of next close approaches to the Earth -Sormano Astronomical Observatory
  • Small Asteroids Encounter List -Sormano Astronomical Observatory
  • Minor Body Priority List -Sormano Astronomical Observatory
  • IAU-MPC Close Approaches to the Earth within 0.2 AU -Minor Planet Center

April 12, 2024
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An Earth crosser is a near Earth asteroid whose orbit crosses that of Earth as observed from the ecliptic pole of Earth s orbit 1 The known numbered Earth crossers are listed here Those Earth crossers whose semi major axes are smaller than Earth s are Aten asteroids the remaining ones are Apollo asteroids See also the Amor asteroids Diagram showing different asteroid paths The yellow band marks the Earth s orbit the red line marks the asteroid s path Outer grazer middle bottomCrosser right bottomClose approach trajectory of 2004 FH in the Earth Moon systemFlyby of the near Earth asteroid 2004 FH in March 2004 The other object that flashes by is an artificial satellite Images were by Stefano Sposetti and composite by Raoul Behrend of Geneva ObservatoryAn asteroid with an Earth crossing orbit is not necessarily in danger of colliding with Earth The orbit of an Earth crossing asteroid may not even intersect with that of Earth This apparent contradiction arises because many asteroids have highly inclined orbits so although they may have a perihelion less than that of Earth their paths can never cross An asteroid for which there is some possibility of a collision with Earth at a future date and which is above a certain size is classified as a potentially hazardous asteroid PHA Specifically an asteroid is a PHA if its Earth minimum orbital intersection distance MOID is lt 0 05 AU and its absolute magnitude is 22 or brighter 2 The concept of PHA is intended to replace the now abandoned strict definition of ECA Earth crossing asteroid which existed for a few years Determining if an asteroid was an ECA required calculation of its orbits millennia into the future including planetary gravitational perturbations to assess whether a collision with Earth was possible and this has proved to be impractical 3 Having a small MOID is not a guarantee of a collision On the other hand small gravitational perturbations of the asteroid around its orbit from planets that it passes can significantly alter its path For instance 99942 Apophis will approach Earth so closely in 2029 that it will get under the orbit of the Earth s geostationary satellites 4 Of the Earth crossing asteroids 3753 Cruithne is notable for having an orbit that has the same period as Earth s Contents 1 List 2 See also 3 References 4 External linksList edit1566 Icarus 1620 Geographos 1685 Toro 1862 Apollo 1863 Antinous 1864 Daedalus 1865 Cerberus 1866 Sisyphus 1981 Midas 2016 NL56 2062 Aten 2063 Bacchus 2100 Ra Shalom 2101 Adonis 2102 Tantalus 2135 Aristaeus 2201 Oljato 2212 Hephaistos 2329 Orthos 2340 Hathor 3103 Eger 3200 Phaethon 3360 Syrinx 3361 Orpheus 3362 Khufu 3554 Amun 3671 Dionysus 3752 Camillo 3753 Cruithne 3838 Epona 4015 Wilson Harrington 4034 Vishnu 4179 Toutatis 4183 Cuno 4197 Morpheus 4257 Ubasti 4341 Poseidon 4450 Pan 4486 Mithra 4544 Xanthus 4581 Asclepius 4660 Nereus 4769 Castalia 4953 1990 MU 5011 Ptah 5131 1990 BG 5143 Heracles 5189 1990 UQ 5381 Sekhmet 5496 1973 NA 5590 1990 VA 5604 1992 FE 5645 1990 SP 5660 1974 MA 5693 1993 EA 5731 Zeus 5786 Talos 5828 1991 AM 6037 1988 EG 6047 1991 TB1 6053 1993 BW3 6063 Jason 6239 Minos 6455 1992 HE 6489 Golevka 6611 1993 VW 7025 1993 QA 7092 Cadmus 7335 1989 JA 7341 1991 VK 7350 1993 VA 7482 1994 PC1 7753 1988 XB 7822 1991 CS 7888 1993 UC 7889 1994 LX 8014 1990 MF 8035 1992 TB 8176 1991 WA 8201 1994 AH2 8507 1991 CB1 8566 1996 EN 9058 1992 JB 9162 Kwiila 9202 1993 PB 9856 1991 EE 10115 1992 SK 10145 1994 CK1 10165 1995 BL2 10563 Izhdubar 10636 1998 QK56 11066 Sigurd 11311 Peleus 11405 1999 CV3 11500 Tomaiyowit 11885 Summanus 12538 1998 OH 12711 Tukmit 12923 Zephyr 13651 1997 BR 14827 Hypnos 16816 1997 UF9 16834 1997 WU22 16960 1998 QS52 17181 1999 UM3 17182 1999 VU 17188 1999 WC2 17511 1992 QN 20236 1998 BZ7 20425 1998 VD35 20429 1998 YN1 20826 2000 UV13 22099 2000 EX106 22753 1998 WT 22771 1999 CU3 23187 2000 PN9 24443 2000 OG 24445 2000 PM8 24761 Ahau 25143 Itokawa 25330 1999 KV4 26379 1999 HZ1 26663 2000 XK47 27002 1998 DV9 29075 1950 DA 30825 1990 TG1 30997 1995 UO5 31662 1999 HP11 31669 1999 JT6 33342 1998 WT24 35107 1991 VH 35396 1997 XF11 35670 1998 SU27 36236 1999 VV 36284 2000 DM8 37638 1993 VB 37655 Illapa 38086 Beowulf 38239 1999 OR3 40267 1999 GJ4 41429 2000 GE2 42286 2001 TN41 52340 1992 SY 52750 1998 KK17 52760 1998 ML14 52762 1998 MT24 53319 1999 JM8 53409 1999 LU7 53426 1999 SL5 53429 1999 TF5 53550 2000 BF19 53789 2000 ED104 54509 YORP 55408 2001 TC2 55532 2001 WG2 65679 1989 UQ 65690 1991 DG 65717 1993 BX3 65733 1993 PC 65803 Didymos 65909 1998 FH12 66008 1998 QH2 66063 1998 RO1 66146 1998 TU3 66253 1999 GT3 66391 Moshup 66400 1999 LT7 67381 2000 OL8 67399 2000 PJ6 68216 2001 CV26 68267 2001 EA16 68346 2001 KZ66 68347 2001 KB67 68348 2001 LO7 68372 2001 PM9 68548 2001 XR31 68950 2002 QF15 69230 Hermes 85182 1991 AQ 85236 1993 KH 85585 Mjolnir 85640 1998 OX4 85713 1998 SS49 85770 1998 UP1 85774 1998 UT18 85818 1998 XM4 85938 1999 DJ4 85953 1999 FK21 85989 1999 JD6 85990 1999 JV6 86039 1999 NC43 86450 2000 CK33 86666 2000 FL10 86667 2000 FO10 86819 2000 GK137 86829 2000 GR146 86878 2000 HD24 87024 2000 JS66 87025 2000 JT66 87309 2000 QP 87311 2000 QJ1 87684 2000 SY2 88213 2001 AF2 88254 2001 FM129 88710 2001 SL9 88959 2001 TZ44 89136 2001 US16 89958 2002 LY45 89959 2002 NT7 90075 2002 VU94 90147 2002 YK14 90367 2003 LC5 90403 2003 YE45 90416 2003 YK118 99942 Apophis 136617 1994 CC 153591 2001 SN263 367943 Duende 374158 2004 UL 386454 2008 XM 394130 2006 HY51 410777 2009 FD 518635 2008 HO3 524522 Zoozve 2005 HC4 2008 FF5 2012 XE133 2013 ND15 2020 QG 5 6 Notes outer grazerSee also editEarth grazing fireball List of asteroid close approaches to Earth Asteroid impact avoidance List of Mercury crossing minor planets List of Venus crossing minor planets List of Mars crossing minor planets List of Jupiter crossing minor planets List of Saturn crossing minor planets List of Uranus crossing minor planets List of Neptune crossing minor planetsReferences edit Report of the Task Force on potentially hazardous Near Earth Objects p49 Department of Trade and Industry UK September 2000 Pub 4990 5k 9 00 NP URN00 1041 retrieved online Archived 7 March 2009 at the Wayback Machine 16 May 2009 Near Earth Object Program National Aeronautics and Space Administration retrieved online 3 May 2009 Brian G Marsden Press Information Sheet Potentially Hazardous Asteroids Harvard Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics retrieved online 3 May 2009 Dr Tony Phillips Friday the 13th 2029 Science NASA retrieved online Archived 24 March 2010 at the Wayback Machine May 3 2009 MPEC 2020 Q51 2020 QG Minor Planet Center https www minorplanetcenter net mpec K20 K20Q51 html 17 August 2020 accessed 17 August 2020 Newly discovered asteroid ZTF0DxQ passed less than 1 4 Earth diameter yesterday making it the closest known flyby that didn t hit our planet Tony Dunn 17 August 2020 External links editVery Close Approaches lt 0 01 AU of PHAs to Earth 1900 2200 Upcoming Close Approaches lt 0 10 AU of Near Earth Objects to Earth Table of next close approaches to the Earth Sormano Astronomical Observatory Small Asteroids Encounter List Sormano Astronomical Observatory Minor Body Priority List Sormano Astronomical Observatory IAU MPC Close Approaches to the Earth within 0 2 AU Minor Planet Center Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title List of Earth crossing asteroids amp oldid 1204693396, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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