"Lord Halsbury" redirects here. For later holders of this title, see Earl of Halsbury.
Hardinge Stanley Giffard, 1st Earl of Halsbury, PCQC later KC (3 September 1823 – 11 December 1921) was a British lawyer and Conservative politician. He served three times as Lord High Chancellor of Great Britain,[1] for a total of seventeen years.
Having entered the Inner Temple as a student in 1848, he was called to the bar there in 1850.[2] Giffard joined the Westen, then the South Wales circuits. Afterwards he had a large practice at the Central Criminal Court and the Middlesex sessions, and he was for several years junior prosecuting counsel to the Treasury, and working treasurer in 1881.[2] He was engaged in most of the celebrated trials of his time, including the Overend and Gurney and the Tichborne cases. He became Queen's Counsel in 1865, and a bencher of the Inner Temple.[2]
Image of Hardinge Giffard, 1st Earl of Halsbury from Halsbury's Laws of England, 1st ed, Vol 1.
In 1885, Giffard was appointed Lord High Chancellor of Great Britain[2] in Lord Salisbury's first administration, and was created Baron Halsbury, of Halsbury in the County of Devon, thus forming a remarkable exception to the rule that no criminal lawyer could ever reach the woolsack. He resumed the position in 1886 and held it until 1892 and again from 1895 to 1905, his tenure of the office, broken only by the brief Liberal ministries of 1886 and 1892–1895, being longer than that of any Lord Chancellor since Lord Eldon.[1] In 1898 he was created Earl of Halsbury and Viscount Tiverton, of Tiverton,[1] Devon.
During the crisis over the Parliament Act 1911, Halsbury was one of the principal leaders of the rebel faction of Tory peers—labelled the "Ditchers"—that resolved on all out opposition to the government's bill limiting the House of Lords' veto whatever happened. At a meeting of Conservative peers on 21 July of that year, Halsbury shouted out "I will divide even if I am alone". As Halsbury left the meeting a reporter asked him what was going to happen. Halsbury immediately replied: "Government by a Cabinet controlled by rank socialists".[5] Halsbury was also President of the Royal Society of Literature, Grand Warden of English Freemasons, and High Steward of the University of Oxford, and warden of guild of undergraduates in University of Birmingham.[2] He also became the chairman of guilds in the London institute, president of royal society of literature in 1911-12.[2]
Halsbury's lasting legacy was the compilation of a complete digest of "Halsbury's Laws of England" (1907-1917), a major reference work published in many volumes and often called simply "Halsbury's". "Halsbury's Laws" was followed by a second multiple-volume reference work in 1929, "Halsbury's Statutes", and later by "Halsbury's Statutory Instruments".[citation needed]
FamilyEdit
Halsbury married firstly Caroline, daughter of William Corne Humphreys, in 1852. There were no children from this marriage. Caroline died in September 1873. Halsbury married secondly Wilhelmina, daughter of Henry Woodfall, in 1874.[2] He died in December 1921, aged 98, and was succeeded by his only son from his second marriage, Hardinge. The Countess of Halsbury died in December 1927.[citation needed]
JudgmentsEdit
Among cases in which Halsbury delivered judgment are:[citation needed]
^Thorpe, Andrew (1997), "Creation and Early Years, 1900–14", A History of the British Labour Party, London: Macmillan Education UK, pp. 6–14, doi:10.1007/978-1-349-25305-0_2, ISBN978-1-349-25305-0, LCCN 96031879, OCLC 1285556329, retrieved 20 June 2022
^George Dangerfield, The Strange Death of Liberal England (Serif, 2001), p. 54.
^"Report 63 (1988) – Jurisdiction of Local Courts Over Foreign Land". Law Reform Commission, New South Wales. 30 May 2001. Retrieved 1 September 2008. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
SourcesEdit
Hesilrige, Arthur G. M. (1921). Debrett's Peerage and Titles of courtesy. 160A, Fleet street, London, UK: Dean & Son. p. 434.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location (link)
Robbins, Alfred F (1888). Launceston, Past and Present: A Historical and Descriptive Sketch. Launceston, UK: Walter Weighell. p. 262. OCLC 221250093.
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Halsbury, Hardinge Stanley Giffard, 1st Earl of". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 12 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 867.
"Hardine Giffard, 1st Earl of Halsbury". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
External linksEdit
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Hansard 1803–2005: contributions in Parliament by the Earl of Halsbury
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Lord Halsbury redirects here For later holders of this title see Earl of Halsbury This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Hardinge Giffard 1st Earl of Halsbury news newspapers books scholar JSTOR November 2009 Learn how and when to remove this template message Hardinge Stanley Giffard 1st Earl of Halsbury PC QC later KC 3 September 1823 11 December 1921 was a British lawyer and Conservative politician He served three times as Lord High Chancellor of Great Britain 1 for a total of seventeen years The Right HonourableThe Earl of HalsburyPC KCLord High Chancellor of Great BritainLord High Steward for the trial of List The Earl RussellIn office 24 June 1885 28 January 1886Prime MinisterThe Marquess of SalisburyPreceded byThe Earl of SelborneSucceeded byThe Lord HerschellIn office 3 August 1886 11 August 1892Prime MinisterThe Marquess of SalisburyPreceded byThe Lord HerschellSucceeded byThe Lord HerschellIn office 29 June 1895 4 December 1905Prime MinisterThe Marquess of Salisbury Arthur BalfourPreceded byThe Lord HerschellSucceeded byThe Lord LoreburnPersonal detailsBorn3 September 1823 1823 09 03 Pentonville LondonDied11 December 1921 1921 12 12 aged 98 NationalityBritishPolitical partyConservativeSpousesCaroline Humphreys m 1852 died 1873 wbr Wilhelmina Woodfall m 1874 wbr ChildrenHardinge Goulburn Giffard 2nd Earl of HalsburyParentStanley Lees Giffard father Alma materMerton College Oxford Contents 1 Early life and career 2 Political career 3 Family 4 Judgments 5 References 5 1 Sources 6 External linksEarly life and career EditBorn in Pentonville London Giffard was the third son of Stanley Lees Giffard editor of the London Evening Standard by his wife Susanna daughter of Francis Moran Downhill Ballina County Mayo Hardinge attended Merton College Oxford 2 His mother died when he was five and his father married his cousin Mary Anne Giffard He was educated by his father at home before entering Merton College Oxford where he obtained a fourth class degree in literae humaniores in 1845 Between 1845 and 1848 he helped his father edit the Standard citation needed Having entered the Inner Temple as a student in 1848 he was called to the bar there in 1850 2 Giffard joined the Westen then the South Wales circuits Afterwards he had a large practice at the Central Criminal Court and the Middlesex sessions and he was for several years junior prosecuting counsel to the Treasury and working treasurer in 1881 2 He was engaged in most of the celebrated trials of his time including the Overend and Gurney and the Tichborne cases He became Queen s Counsel in 1865 and a bencher of the Inner Temple 2 Between 1883 1919 he had been the constable of Launceston Castle he was appointed by Edward VII Duke of Cornwall 2 3 Political career EditGiffard twice contested Cardiff for the Conservatives in 1868 and 1874 2 but he was still without a seat in the House of Commons when he was appointed Solicitor General 2 by Disraeli in 1875 and received the customary knighthood 1 He also failed to gain a seat in a by election in Horsham in 1876 In 1877 he succeeded in obtaining a seat when he was returned for Launceston which he continued to represent until his elevation to the peerage 2 nbsp Image of Hardinge Giffard 1st Earl of Halsbury from Halsbury s Laws of England 1st ed Vol 1 In 1885 Giffard was appointed Lord High Chancellor of Great Britain 2 in Lord Salisbury s first administration and was created Baron Halsbury of Halsbury in the County of Devon thus forming a remarkable exception to the rule that no criminal lawyer could ever reach the woolsack He resumed the position in 1886 and held it until 1892 and again from 1895 to 1905 his tenure of the office broken only by the brief Liberal ministries of 1886 and 1892 1895 being longer than that of any Lord Chancellor since Lord Eldon 1 In 1898 he was created Earl of Halsbury and Viscount Tiverton of Tiverton 1 Devon Halsbury was an opponent of the British trade union movement and used his position to appoint anti union justices in the judicial system leading to decisions such as Taff Vale Rly Co v Amalgamated Society of Rly Servants and Quinn v Leathem which restricted the unions right to strike The legal threats to trade unions at this time drove them to form the Labour Party to seek parliamentary representation 4 During the crisis over the Parliament Act 1911 Halsbury was one of the principal leaders of the rebel faction of Tory peers labelled the Ditchers that resolved on all out opposition to the government s bill limiting the House of Lords veto whatever happened At a meeting of Conservative peers on 21 July of that year Halsbury shouted out I will divide even if I am alone As Halsbury left the meeting a reporter asked him what was going to happen Halsbury immediately replied Government by a Cabinet controlled by rank socialists 5 Halsbury was also President of the Royal Society of Literature Grand Warden of English Freemasons and High Steward of the University of Oxford and warden of guild of undergraduates in University of Birmingham 2 He also became the chairman of guilds in the London institute president of royal society of literature in 1911 12 2 Halsbury s lasting legacy was the compilation of a complete digest of Halsbury s Laws of England 1907 1917 a major reference work published in many volumes and often called simply Halsbury s Halsbury s Laws was followed by a second multiple volume reference work in 1929 Halsbury s Statutes and later by Halsbury s Statutory Instruments citation needed Family EditHalsbury married firstly Caroline daughter of William Corne Humphreys in 1852 There were no children from this marriage Caroline died in September 1873 Halsbury married secondly Wilhelmina daughter of Henry Woodfall in 1874 2 He died in December 1921 aged 98 and was succeeded by his only son from his second marriage Hardinge The Countess of Halsbury died in December 1927 citation needed Judgments EditAmong cases in which Halsbury delivered judgment are citation needed Salomon v Salomon Mogul Steamship Co Ltd v McGregor Gow amp Co 1892 AC 25 British South Africa Co v Companhia de Mocambique 1893 AC 602 the House of Lords overturned a Court of Appeal decision and by so doing established the Mozambique rule a common law rule in private international law that renders actions relating to title in foreign land the right to possession of foreign land and trespass to foreign land non justiciable in common law jurisdictions 6 Bray v Ford 1896 AC 44 Taff Vale Railway Co v Amalgamated Society of Railway Servants 1901 AC 426 Daimler Co Ltd v Continental Tyre and Rubber Co Great Britain Ltd 1916 2 AC 307References Edit a b c d Chisholm 1911 p 867 a b c d e f g h i j k l Hesilrige 1921 p 434 Robbins 1888 pp 262 Thorpe Andrew 1997 Creation and Early Years 1900 14 A History of the British Labour Party London Macmillan Education UK pp 6 14 doi 10 1007 978 1 349 25305 0 2 ISBN 978 1 349 25305 0 LCCN 96031879 OCLC 1285556329 retrieved 20 June 2022 George Dangerfield The Strange Death of Liberal England Serif 2001 p 54 Report 63 1988 Jurisdiction of Local Courts Over Foreign Land Law Reform Commission New South Wales 30 May 2001 Retrieved 1 September 2008 a href Template Cite journal html title Template Cite journal cite journal a Cite journal requires journal help Sources Edit Hesilrige Arthur G M 1921 Debrett s Peerage and Titles of courtesy 160A Fleet street London UK Dean amp Son p 434 a href Template Cite book html title Template Cite book cite book a CS1 maint location link Robbins Alfred F 1888 Launceston Past and Present A Historical and Descriptive Sketch Launceston UK Walter Weighell p 262 OCLC 221250093 nbsp This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain Chisholm Hugh ed 1911 Halsbury Hardinge Stanley Giffard 1st Earl of Encyclopaedia Britannica Vol 12 11th ed Cambridge University Press p 867 Hardine Giffard 1st Earl of Halsbury Oxford Dictionary of National Biography online ed Oxford University Press Subscription or UK public library membership required External links Edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Hardinge Giffard 1st Earl of Halsbury nbsp Wikiquote has quotations related to Hardinge Giffard 1st Earl of Halsbury Hansard 1803 2005 contributions in Parliament by the Earl of Halsbury Newspaper clippings about Hardinge Giffard 1st Earl of Halsbury in the 20th Century Press Archives of the ZBWParliament of the United KingdomPreceded byJames Henry Deakin Member of Parliamentfor Launceston1877 1885 Succeeded byRichard WebsterLegal officesPreceded bySir John Holker Solicitor General for England1875 1880 Succeeded bySir Farrer HerschellPolitical officesPreceded byThe Earl of Selborne Lord High Chancellor of Great Britain1885 1886 Succeeded byThe Lord HerschellPreceded byThe Lord Herschell Lord High Chancellor of Great Britain1886 1892Lord High Chancellor of Great Britain1895 1905 Succeeded byThe Lord LoreburnPeerage of the United KingdomNew creation Earl of Halsbury1898 1921 Succeeded byHardinge GiffardBaron Halsbury1885 1921 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Hardinge Giffard 1st Earl of Halsbury amp oldid 1167000916, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
