The American (North and South America) horned owls and the Old Worldeagle-owls make up the genusBubo, at least as traditionally described. The genus name Bubo is Latin for owl.
This genus contains 10 species that are found in many parts of the world. Some of the largest living Strigiformes are in Bubo. Traditionally, only owls with ear-tufts were included in this genus, but that is no longer the case.
A molecular phylogenetic study published in 2020 found that species in the genera Scotopelia and Ketupa were embedded within the clade containing members of the genus Bubo making the genus Buboparaphyletic. To create monophyletic genera nine species were moved for Bubo to Ketupa.[5][6]
The Sinclair owl (Bubo sinclairi) from Late Pleistocene California may have been a paleosubspecies of the great horned owl,[12] while the roughly contemporary Bubo insularis of the central and eastern Mediterranean has been considered a junior synonym of a brown fish owl paleosubspecies.[13] Additional paleosubspecies are discussed on the appropriate species page.
Several presumed Bubo fossils have turned out to be from different birds. The Late Eocene/Early Oligocene eared owls "Bubo" incertus and "Bubo" arvernensis are now placed in the fossil barn-owl genera Nocturnavis and Necrobyas, respectively. "Bubo" leptosteus is now recognized as primitive owl in the genus Minerva (formerly Protostrix). "Bubo" poirreiri from the Late Oligocene or Early Miocene of Saint-Gérard-le-Puy in France, is now placed in Mioglaux.
On the other hand, the supposed fossil heron"Ardea" lignitum from the Late Pliocene of Plaue-Rippersroda (Germany) was apparently an owl and close to Bubo or more probably actually belongs here. Given its age – about 2 million years ago or so – it is usually included in the Eurasian eagle-owl today.[14]
Interactions with humansedit
Because of their nocturnal habits, most owls do not directly interact with humans. However, in 2015, an eagle owl in Purmerend, Netherlands, attacked some fifty people before it was caught by a hired falconer.[15]
Footnotesedit
^Possibly a junior synonym of Ketupa, if that is a valid genus: Pavia (1999), Mlíkovský (2002, 2003).
^Duméril, A. M. Constant (1805). Zoologie analytique : ou, Méthode naturelle de classification des animaux; endue plus facile a l'aide de tableaux synoptiques (in French). Paris: Allais. p. 34. The book bears the date of 1806 on the title page but was actually published in 1805. See: Gregory, Steven M.S. (2010). "The two 'editions' of Duméril's Zoologie analytique, and the potential confusion caused by Froriep's translation Analytische Zoologie" (PDF). Zoological Bibliography. 1 (1): 6–8.
^Peters, James Lee, ed. (1940). Check-List of Birds of the World. Vol. 4. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. p. 110.
^Jobling, James A. (2010). The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. London: Christopher Helm. p. 179. ISBN978-1-4081-2501-4.
^Salter, J.F.; Oliveros, C.H.; Hosner, P.A.; Manthey, J.D.; Robbins, M.B.; Moyle, R.G.; Brumfield, R.T.; Faircloth, B.C. (2020). "Extensive paraphyly in the typical owl family (Strigidae)". The Auk. 137 (ukz070). doi:10.1093/auk/ukz070.
^ abGill, Frank; Donsker, David; Rasmussen, Pamela, eds. (January 2023). "Owls". IOC World Bird List Version 13.1. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 31 January 2022.
^Arredondo, O; Olson, SL. "A New Species of Owl of the Genus Bubo from the Pleistocene of Cuba (Aves: Strigiformes)" (PDF). Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 107 (3): 436–444. Retrieved 2 December 2012.
^""Horror owl" caught in Purmerend; had attacked 50 people". NL Times. 13 March 2015. Retrieved 6 July 2021.
Referencesedit
Feduccia, J. Alan; Ford, Norman L. (1970). "Some birds of prey from the Upper Pliocene of Kansas" (PDF). Auk. 87 (4): 795–797. doi:10.2307/4083714. JSTOR 4083714.
Howard, Hildegarde (1947). "A preliminary survey of trends in avian evolution from Pleistocene to recent time" (PDF). Condor. 49 (1): 10–13. doi:10.2307/1364422. JSTOR 1364422.
König, Claus; Weick, Friedhelm & Becking, Jan-Hendrik (1999): Owls: A guide to the owls of the world. Yale University Press, New Haven. ISBN978-0-300-07920-3
Lambrecht, Kálmán (1933): Handbuch der Palaeornithologie [Handbook of Paleornithology]. Gebrüder Bornträger, Berlin. [in German]
Mlíkovský, Jiří (2002): . Ninox Press, Prague.
Mlíkovský, Jiří (2003). (PDF). Buteo. 13: 61–65. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2007-09-27. Retrieved 2008-09-19.
Olsen, Jery; Wink, Michael; Sauer-Gürth, Heidi; Trost, Susan (2002). (PDF). Emu. 102 (3): 223–231. doi:10.1071/MU02006. S2CID 86526031. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2009-09-30. Retrieved 2006-12-23.
Olson, Storrs L. (1985): The fossil record of birds. In: Farner, D.S.; King, J.R. & Parkes, Kenneth C. (eds.): Avian Biology8: 79–238. Academic Press, New York.
Pavia, Marco (1999). "Un cranio di Bubo insularis Mourer-Chauviré & Weesie, 1986 (Aves, Strigidae) nelle brecce ossifere del Pleistocene di Capo Figari (Sardegna, Italia)" [A cranium of B. insularis from the Pleistocene ossiferous breccia of Cape Figari (Sardinia, Italy)] (PDF). Atti della Accademia delle Scienze di Torino, Classe di Scienze Fisiche, Matematiche e Naturali (in Italian and English). 133: 1–10.
Steadman, David William; Arroyo-Cabrales, Joaquin; Johnson, Eileen; Guzman, A. Fabiola (1994). "New Information on the Late Pleistocene Birds from San Josecito Cave, Nuevo León, Mexico" (PDF). Condor. 96 (3): 577–589. doi:10.2307/1369460. JSTOR 1369460.
External linksedit
Media related to Bubo at Wikimedia Commons
December 18, 2023
horned, eagle, redirects, here, other, uses, eagle, disambiguation, american, north, south, america, horned, owls, world, eagle, owls, make, genus, bubo, least, traditionally, described, genus, name, bubo, latin, eagle, owlstemporal, range, late, pliocene, pre. Eagle owl redirects here For other uses see Eagle owl disambiguation The American North and South America horned owls and the Old World eagle owls make up the genus Bubo at least as traditionally described The genus name Bubo is Latin for owl Horned owls and eagle owlsTemporal range Late Pliocene to presentIndian eagle owl Bubo bengalensisScientific classificationDomain EukaryotaKingdom AnimaliaPhylum ChordataClass AvesOrder StrigiformesFamily StrigidaeGenus BuboDumeril 1805Type speciesStrix buboLinnaeus 1758SpeciesSee textSynonymsHuhua Nyctea Stephens 1826 Ophthalmomegas Dejaut 1911 1 and see textThis genus contains 10 species that are found in many parts of the world Some of the largest living Strigiformes are in Bubo Traditionally only owls with ear tufts were included in this genus but that is no longer the case Eurasian eagle owl with a rat in its beakContents 1 Taxonomy 1 1 Species 1 2 Fossil record 2 Interactions with humans 3 Footnotes 4 References 5 External linksTaxonomy edit nbsp Detail of an eye of an eagle owlThe genus Bubo was introduced in 1805 by the French zoologist Andre Dumeril for the horned owls 2 The type species is the Eurasian eagle owl 3 The word bubo is Latin for the Eurasian eagle owl and was used as the specific epithet for the species by Carl Linnaeus in 1758 4 A molecular phylogenetic study published in 2020 found that species in the genera Scotopelia and Ketupa were embedded within the clade containing members of the genus Bubo making the genus Bubo paraphyletic To create monophyletic genera nine species were moved for Bubo to Ketupa 5 6 Species edit The genus contains 10 extant species 6 Snowy owl Bubo scandiacus Great horned owl Bubo virginianus Lesser horned owl Bubo magellanicus Eurasian eagle owl Bubo bubo Indian eagle owl Bubo bengalensis Pharaoh eagle owl Bubo ascalaphus Cape eagle owl Bubo capensis Arabian eagle owl Bubo milesi Greyish eagle owl Bubo cinerascens Spotted eagle owl Bubo africanus nbsp Eurasian eagle owl Bubo bubo Sometimes included in this genus Verreaux s Eagle owl Ketupa lactea Spot bellied Eagle owl Ketupa nipalensis Barred Eagle owl Ketupa sumatrana Fraser s Eagle owl Ketupa poensis Akun eagle owl Ketupa leucosticta Philippine eagle owl Ketupa philippensis Dusky eagle owl Ketupa coromanda Shelley s eagle owl Ketupa shelleyi Blakiston s fish owl Ketupa blakistoni Brown fish owl Ketupa zeylonensis Tawny fish owl Ketupa flavipes Buffy fish owl Ketupa ketupu Pel s fishing owl Scotopelia peli Rufous fishing owl Scotopelia ussheri Vermiculated fishing owl Scotopelia bouvieriFossil record edit Named and distinct Bubo species are Bubo florianae Late Miocene verification needed of Csakvar Hungary tentatively placed here Bubo leakeyae Early Pleistocene of Tanzania Bubo binagadensis Late Pleistocene of Binagady Azerbaijan Bubo osvaldoi Pleistocene of Cuba 7 Bubo insularis Pleistocene of Sardinia Some notable undescribed fossils of prehistoric horned owls usually quite fragmentary remains have also been recorded Bubo sp Late Pliocene of Seneze France 8 Bubo sp Late Pliocene of Rebielice Krolewskie Poland tentatively placed here 9 Bubo sp Late Pleistocene of San Josecito Cavern Mexico 10 Specimen UMMP V31030 a Late Pliocene coracoid from the Rexroad Formation of Kansas US cannot be conclusively assigned to either Bubo or Strix This fossil is from a taxon similar in size to the great horned owl B virginianus or the great grey owl S nebulosa 11 The Sinclair owl Bubo sinclairi from Late Pleistocene California may have been a paleosubspecies of the great horned owl 12 while the roughly contemporary Bubo insularis of the central and eastern Mediterranean has been considered a junior synonym of a brown fish owl paleosubspecies 13 Additional paleosubspecies are discussed on the appropriate species page Several presumed Bubo fossils have turned out to be from different birds The Late Eocene Early Oligocene eared owls Bubo incertus and Bubo arvernensis are now placed in the fossil barn owl genera Nocturnavis and Necrobyas respectively Bubo leptosteus is now recognized as primitive owl in the genus Minerva formerly Protostrix Bubo poirreiri from the Late Oligocene or Early Miocene of Saint Gerard le Puy in France is now placed in Mioglaux On the other hand the supposed fossil heron Ardea lignitum from the Late Pliocene of Plaue Rippersroda Germany was apparently an owl and close to Bubo or more probably actually belongs here Given its age about 2 million years ago or so it is usually included in the Eurasian eagle owl today 14 Interactions with humans editBecause of their nocturnal habits most owls do not directly interact with humans However in 2015 an eagle owl in Purmerend Netherlands attacked some fifty people before it was caught by a hired falconer 15 Footnotes edit Possibly a junior synonym of Ketupa if that is a valid genus Pavia 1999 Mlikovsky 2002 2003 Dumeril A M Constant 1805 Zoologie analytique ou Methode naturelle de classification des animaux endue plus facile a l aide de tableaux synoptiques in French Paris Allais p 34 The book bears the date of 1806 on the title page but was actually published in 1805 See Gregory Steven M S 2010 The two editions of Dumeril s Zoologie analytique and the potential confusion caused by Froriep s translation Analytische Zoologie PDF Zoological Bibliography 1 1 6 8 Peters James Lee ed 1940 Check List of Birds of the World Vol 4 Cambridge Massachusetts Harvard University Press p 110 Jobling James A 2010 The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names London Christopher Helm p 179 ISBN 978 1 4081 2501 4 Salter J F Oliveros C H Hosner P A Manthey J D Robbins M B Moyle R G Brumfield R T Faircloth B C 2020 Extensive paraphyly in the typical owl family Strigidae The Auk 137 ukz070 doi 10 1093 auk ukz070 a b Gill Frank Donsker David Rasmussen Pamela eds January 2023 Owls IOC World Bird List Version 13 1 International Ornithologists Union Retrieved 31 January 2022 Arredondo O Olson SL A New Species of Owl of the Genus Bubo from the Pleistocene of Cuba Aves Strigiformes PDF Proc Biol Soc Wash 107 3 436 444 Retrieved 2 December 2012 Lambrecht 1933 p 616 Mlikovsky 2002 A single bone of a large horned owl distinct from B virginianus Steadman et al 1994 Feduccia 1970 Howard 1947 Mlikovsky 2002 2003 Olson 1985 p 167 Mlikovsky 2002 Horror owl caught in Purmerend had attacked 50 people NL Times 13 March 2015 Retrieved 6 July 2021 References editFeduccia J Alan Ford Norman L 1970 Some birds of prey from the Upper Pliocene of Kansas PDF Auk 87 4 795 797 doi 10 2307 4083714 JSTOR 4083714 Howard Hildegarde 1947 A preliminary survey of trends in avian evolution from Pleistocene to recent time PDF Condor 49 1 10 13 doi 10 2307 1364422 JSTOR 1364422 Konig Claus Weick Friedhelm amp Becking Jan Hendrik 1999 Owls A guide to the owls of the world Yale University Press New Haven ISBN 978 0 300 07920 3 Lambrecht Kalman 1933 Handbuch der Palaeornithologie Handbook of Paleornithology Gebruder Borntrager Berlin in German Mlikovsky Jiri 2002 Cenozoic Birds of the World Part 1 Europe Ninox Press Prague Mlikovsky Jiri 2003 Brown Fish Owl Bubo zeylonensis in Europe past distribution and taxonomic status PDF Buteo 13 61 65 Archived from the original PDF on 2007 09 27 Retrieved 2008 09 19 Olsen Jery Wink Michael Sauer Gurth Heidi Trost Susan 2002 A new Ninox owl from Sumba Indonesia PDF Emu 102 3 223 231 doi 10 1071 MU02006 S2CID 86526031 Archived from the original PDF on 2009 09 30 Retrieved 2006 12 23 Olson Storrs L 1985 The fossil record of birds In Farner D S King J R amp Parkes Kenneth C eds Avian Biology 8 79 238 Academic Press New York Pavia Marco 1999 Un cranio di Bubo insularis Mourer Chauvire amp Weesie 1986 Aves Strigidae nelle brecce ossifere del Pleistocene di Capo Figari Sardegna Italia A cranium of B insularis from the Pleistocene ossiferous breccia of Cape Figari Sardinia Italy PDF Atti della Accademia delle Scienze di Torino Classe di Scienze Fisiche Matematiche e Naturali in Italian and English 133 1 10 Steadman David William Arroyo Cabrales Joaquin Johnson Eileen Guzman A Fabiola 1994 New Information on the Late Pleistocene Birds from San Josecito Cave Nuevo Leon Mexico PDF Condor 96 3 577 589 doi 10 2307 1369460 JSTOR 1369460 External links edit nbsp Media related to Bubo at Wikimedia Commons Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Horned owl amp oldid 1182120630, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
