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Durchlauchtster Leopold, BWV 173a

January 01, 1970

Durchlauchtster Leopold (Most illustrious Leopold),[1] BWV 173.1 (formerly BWV 173a),[2] is a secular cantata by Johann Sebastian Bach. Bach composed the cantata for performance in Köthen to celebrate the birthday of Leopold von Anhalt-Köthen. The cantata is one of a series of congratulatory works which Bach wrote for this employer. Some of them are lost, while others such as Der Himmel dacht auf Anhalts Ruhm und Glück, BWV 66.1 can be reconstructed because Bach reused the music later. Durchlauchtster Leopold is unusual in surviving in a complete state.

Leopold von Anhalt-Köthen

History and words edit

Bach composed the cantata as a congratulatory cantata, also termed serenata,[3] for the 28th birthday of his employer, Leopold von Anhalt-Köthen, on 10 December 1722. The holograph manuscript survives in Berlin, but cannot be dated exactly. The libretto shows a date of "before 22 December 1722".[4]

Bach may have begun the work when he was appointed Prince Leopold's Kapellmeister in 1717, according to Alfred Dürr. If this hypothesis is correct, Bach would potentially have had a few months to compose a work for the prince's birthday, but even relatively simple music could have required some haste given the circumstances in which he left his job in Weimar, being imprisoned by his employer for not following correct resignation procedures. Bach was released on 2 December and was still in the process of moving to Köthen on 10 December 1717.

The unknown poet wrote eight movements. Only two of them, 1 and 5, are recitatives, but even these are regular in meter and rhyme and may have been intended for arias. The first recitative even shows a da capo of the first line, addressing "Durchlauchtster Leopold", translated to "Most illustrious Leopold" or, more literally, "Most Serene Leopold". The two vocal parts may have been allegorical figures, as for example in the cantata for New Year's Day Die Zeit, die Tag und Jahre macht, BWV 134a, but are not marked in the text.[5][6]

In 1724 Bach used six of the eight movements to form his cantata Erhöhtes Fleisch und Blut, BWV 173.2, for Pentecost Monday, and in 1725 he took movement 7 for his cantata for Pentecost Tuesday Er rufet seinen Schafen mit Namen, BWV 175.[5][7]

Publication edit

The cantata was published in 1887 in the first complete edition of the composer's works, the Bach-Gesellschaft-Ausgabe.[2]

Scoring and structure edit

The cantata is scored for two vocal soloists (soprano and bass), two flauto traverso, bassoon, two violins, viola and basso continuo including violone and harpsichord. The last movement is marked chorus, but was probably performed by the two soloists.[5]

  1. Recitative (soprano): Durchlauchtster Leopold
  2. Aria (soprano): Güldner Sonnen frohe Stunden
  3. Aria (bass): Leopolds Vortrefflichkeiten
  4. Aria (soprano, bass): Unter seinem Purpursaum
  5. Recitative (soprano, bass): Durchlauchtigster, den Anhalt Vater nennt
  6. Aria (soprano): So schau dies holden Tages Licht
  7. Aria (bass): Dein Name gleich der Sonnen geh
  8. Chorus (soprano, bass): Nimm auch, großer Fürst, uns auf

Music edit

Bach composed varied music for the rather monotonous text. Movement 1 is accompanied by the strings and leads to a virtuoso coloratura on the da capo of the first line, addressing Leopold. Movement 2 is reminiscent of a dance, gently scored for flutes and strings, in triplets. Movement 3 is a short praise movement, marked vivace. Movement 4 is a duet, marked "Al tempo di minuetto", which handles three stanzas in ever richer variations: the first stanza is for one voice and strings in G major, the second in the higher key of D major with additional flutes, the final one for both voices in A major in a denser musical texture.[5] The structure of this duet is unique in Bach's cantatas, the variations in rising keys, and the increase in instruments and musical texture all adding up to illustrate the exaltation of the addressee.[6] Movement 5 leads to an arioso. Movement 6 is a bourrée, dominated by a flute which comes and goes. Movement 7 is in great contrast set for only low voice and instruments, bassoon and cello in unison to a continuo played by violone and harpsichord. The final dance-like movement shows elements of a polonaise. Its two parts begin both with an instrumental concerto which is then repeated with embedded voices.[5]

Recordings edit

References edit

  1. ^ Stokes, Richard (2000). The complete church and secular cantatas of Johann Sebastian Bach (1. Scarecrow Press ed.). Scarecrow Press. p. 270. ISBN 978-0-8108-3933-5.
  2. ^ a b Work 00211 at Bach Digital website.
  3. ^ a b "Durchlauchtster Leopold, serenata for 2 voices, flute, bassoon, strings & continuo, BWV 173a". AllMusic. 2011. Retrieved 8 June 2011.
  4. ^ Grob, Jochen. . Archived from the original on 27 September 2011. Retrieved 24 August 2011.
  5. ^ a b c d e Dürr, Alfred (1971). Die Kantaten von Johann Sebastian Bach (in German). Vol. 1. Bärenreiter-Verlag. OCLC 523584.
  6. ^ a b Julian Mincham (2010). "Chapter 89 BWV 173a Durchlauchtster Leopold". The Cantatas of Johann Sebastian Bach. Retrieved 7 September 2022.
  7. ^ "Durchlauchtster Leopold". Bach.de (in German). 2011. Retrieved 8 June 2011.

External links edit

January 01, 1970
durchlauchtster, leopold, 173a, durchlauchtster, leopold, most, illustrious, leopold, formerly, 173a, secular, cantata, johann, sebastian, bach, bach, composed, cantata, performance, köthen, celebrate, birthday, leopold, anhalt, köthen, cantata, series, congra. Durchlauchtster Leopold Most illustrious Leopold 1 BWV 173 1 formerly BWV 173a 2 is a secular cantata by Johann Sebastian Bach Bach composed the cantata for performance in Kothen to celebrate the birthday of Leopold von Anhalt Kothen The cantata is one of a series of congratulatory works which Bach wrote for this employer Some of them are lost while others such as Der Himmel dacht auf Anhalts Ruhm und Gluck BWV 66 1 can be reconstructed because Bach reused the music later Durchlauchtster Leopold is unusual in surviving in a complete state Leopold von Anhalt Kothen Contents 1 History and words 1 1 Publication 2 Scoring and structure 3 Music 4 Recordings 5 References 6 External linksHistory and words editBach composed the cantata as a congratulatory cantata also termed serenata 3 for the 28th birthday of his employer Leopold von Anhalt Kothen on 10 December 1722 The holograph manuscript survives in Berlin but cannot be dated exactly The libretto shows a date of before 22 December 1722 4 Bach may have begun the work when he was appointed Prince Leopold s Kapellmeister in 1717 according to Alfred Durr If this hypothesis is correct Bach would potentially have had a few months to compose a work for the prince s birthday but even relatively simple music could have required some haste given the circumstances in which he left his job in Weimar being imprisoned by his employer for not following correct resignation procedures Bach was released on 2 December and was still in the process of moving to Kothen on 10 December 1717 The unknown poet wrote eight movements Only two of them 1 and 5 are recitatives but even these are regular in meter and rhyme and may have been intended for arias The first recitative even shows a da capo of the first line addressing Durchlauchtster Leopold translated to Most illustrious Leopold or more literally Most Serene Leopold The two vocal parts may have been allegorical figures as for example in the cantata for New Year s Day Die Zeit die Tag und Jahre macht BWV 134a but are not marked in the text 5 6 In 1724 Bach used six of the eight movements to form his cantata Erhohtes Fleisch und Blut BWV 173 2 for Pentecost Monday and in 1725 he took movement 7 for his cantata for Pentecost Tuesday Er rufet seinen Schafen mit Namen BWV 175 5 7 Publication edit The cantata was published in 1887 in the first complete edition of the composer s works the Bach Gesellschaft Ausgabe 2 Scoring and structure editThe cantata is scored for two vocal soloists soprano and bass two flauto traverso bassoon two violins viola and basso continuo including violone and harpsichord The last movement is marked chorus but was probably performed by the two soloists 5 Recitative soprano Durchlauchtster Leopold Aria soprano Guldner Sonnen frohe Stunden Aria bass Leopolds Vortrefflichkeiten Aria soprano bass Unter seinem Purpursaum Recitative soprano bass Durchlauchtigster den Anhalt Vater nennt Aria soprano So schau dies holden Tages Licht Aria bass Dein Name gleich der Sonnen geh Chorus soprano bass Nimm auch grosser Furst uns aufMusic editBach composed varied music for the rather monotonous text Movement 1 is accompanied by the strings and leads to a virtuoso coloratura on the da capo of the first line addressing Leopold Movement 2 is reminiscent of a dance gently scored for flutes and strings in triplets Movement 3 is a short praise movement marked vivace Movement 4 is a duet marked Al tempo di minuetto which handles three stanzas in ever richer variations the first stanza is for one voice and strings in G major the second in the higher key of D major with additional flutes the final one for both voices in A major in a denser musical texture 5 The structure of this duet is unique in Bach s cantatas the variations in rising keys and the increase in instruments and musical texture all adding up to illustrate the exaltation of the addressee 6 Movement 5 leads to an arioso Movement 6 is a bourree dominated by a flute which comes and goes Movement 7 is in great contrast set for only low voice and instruments bassoon and cello in unison to a continuo played by violone and harpsichord The final dance like movement shows elements of a polonaise Its two parts begin both with an instrumental concerto which is then repeated with embedded voices 5 Recordings editBach Collegium Japan Masaaki Suzuki BIS 2012 Amsterdam Baroque Orchestra amp Choir Ton Koopman J S Bach Complete Cantatas Vol 9 Antoine Marchand 1998 Choir amp Orchestra of the Age of Enlightenment Gustav Leonhardt J S Bach Secular Cantatas BWV 173a amp 201 Philips 1995 Les Violons du Roy Bernard Labadie J S Bach Secular Cantatas Dorian Recordings 1994 Thomanerchor Gewandhausorchester Hans Joachim Rotzsch Bach Made in Germany Vol 4 Cantatas V Eterna 1974 3 References edit Stokes Richard 2000 The complete church and secular cantatas of Johann Sebastian Bach 1 Scarecrow Press ed Scarecrow Press p 270 ISBN 978 0 8108 3933 5 a b Work 00211 at Bach Digital website a b Durchlauchtster Leopold serenata for 2 voices flute bassoon strings amp continuo BWV 173a AllMusic 2011 Retrieved 8 June 2011 Grob Jochen BWV 173a Archived from the original on 27 September 2011 Retrieved 24 August 2011 a b c d e Durr Alfred 1971 Die Kantaten von Johann Sebastian Bach in German Vol 1 Barenreiter Verlag OCLC 523584 a b Julian Mincham 2010 Chapter 89 BWV 173a Durchlauchtster Leopold The Cantatas of Johann Sebastian Bach Retrieved 7 September 2022 Durchlauchtster Leopold Bach de in German 2011 Retrieved 8 June 2011 External links editDurchlauchtster Leopold Scores at the International Music Score Library Project Cantata BWV 173a Durchlauchtster Leopold on the Bach Cantatas Website BWV 173a Durchlauchtster Leopold University of Vermont Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Durchlauchtster Leopold BWV 173a amp oldid 1109089253, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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