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Marquess of Winchester

March 03, 2023

Marquess of Winchester is a title in the Peerage of England that was created in 1551 for the prominent statesman William Paulet, 1st Earl of Wiltshire. It is the oldest of six surviving English marquessates; therefore its holder is considered the premier marquess of England. (The other five are all now held by dukes.) The current holder is Christopher Paulet, 19th Marquess of Winchester (born 1969), whose son uses the courtesy title Earl of Wiltshire.

Marquessate of Winchester

Sable, three swords pilewise points in base proper pomels and hilts or
Creation date12 October 1551
Created byEdward VI
PeeragePeerage of England
First holderWilliam Paulet, 1st Marquess of Winchester
Present holderChristopher Paulet, 19th Marquess of Winchester
Heir apparentMichael Paulet, Earl of Wiltshire
Remainder tothe 1st Earl's heirs male whatsoever
Subsidiary titlesEarl of Wiltshire
Baron St John
StatusExtant
MottoAimez Loyaulté (Love Loyalty)
William Paulet, 1st Marquess of Winchester and Lord High Treasurer of England

History

The peerage was created in 1551 for the prominent statesman William Paulet, 1st Earl of Wiltshire. The king at the time was Edward VI, who was not of age, and the decision was that of John Dudley, 1st Duke of Northumberland, who in the same year promoted himself to a dukedom. Paulet had already been created Baron St John in 1539 and Earl of Wiltshire in 1550, also in the Peerage of England. The first marquess was one of the most noted statesmen of his time, serving in high positions under King Henry VIII and his children, and served as Lord High Treasurer of England from 1550 to 1572. He was succeeded by his son, the second marquess, who had been summoned to the House of Lords in his father's lifetime through a writ of acceleration in his father's junior title of Baron St John. His son, the third marquess, was summoned to the House of Lords through a writ of acceleration as Lord St John in 1572. His grandson, the fifth marquess, represented St Ives in the House of Commons. During the Civil War he was a strong supporter of King Charles I and became known as "the loyal Marquess". The family seat of Basing House was burnt to the ground by the Parliamentarians during the conflict. During this period, the courtesy title for the heirs apparent of the marquesses was Baron St John; that of Earl of Wiltshire does not seem to have been used, perhaps because of an unsubstantiated tradition that that title was surrendered upon the creation of the marquessate.[1] Another explanation could be possible embarrassment arising from the fact that his son Charles married Mary Scrope, whose father the 11th Lord Scrope of Bolton and 1st Earl of Sunderland, was the direct heir of the original Earl of Wiltshire, beheaded by Henry IV in 1399. The original "Earl of Wiltshire" title had been in abeyance since then.

He was succeeded by his son, the sixth marquess. The sixth marquess was a supporter of King William III and Queen Mary II and was rewarded for his support after the Glorious Revolution when he was created Duke of Bolton. He was succeeded by his son, the second duke, who, as heir apparent to the marquessate in 1675, was the first to adopt the courtesy title of Earl of Wiltshire.[2] The second Duke was a politician and notably served as Lord Chamberlain of the Household and as Lord Lieutenant of Ireland. On his death the titles passed to his son, the third duke, who was also a politician. He was a Whig Member of Parliament and served as lord lieutenant of several counties. In 1717 he was meant to be summoned to the House of Lords through a writ of acceleration in his father's junior title of Baron St John (of Basing). However, he was mistakenly summoned as Lord Pawlett of Basing and this inadvertently created a new barony.

However, the barony of Pawlett of Basing became extinct as he had no legitimate offspring while he was succeeded in the other titles by his younger brother, the fourth duke. He notably served as a Lord of the Admiralty and as lord lieutenant of both Hampshire and Glamorganshire. His eldest son, the fifth duke, was a member of Parliament and Lord Lieutenant of Hampshire. He was succeeded by his younger brother, the sixth duke. He was an admiral of the White. The sixth duke had no sons and on his death in 1794 the dukedom became extinct. Most of the family estates passed to his niece Jean Mary Browne-Powlett, illegitimate daughter of the fifth duke. She was the wife of Thomas Orde, who assumed the additional surname of Powlett and was created Baron Bolton in 1797.

The sixth duke was succeeded in the Barony of St John, the Earldom of Wiltshire and the Marquessate of Winchester by his third cousin once removed George Paulet, who became the twelfth marquess. He was the great-grandson of Lord Henry Paulet, third son of the fourth marquess. He had earlier represented Winchester in Parliament. His son, the thirteenth marquess, was a member of Parliament for Truro and served as Lord Lieutenant of Hampshire. In 1839 Lord Winchester assumed the additional surname of Burroughs. He was succeeded by his son, the fourteenth marquess. He was also Lord Lieutenant of Hampshire. His son, the fifteenth marquess, was a major in the Coldstream Guards and was killed in action at the Battle of Magersfontein in 1899 during the Second Boer War. He was succeeded by his younger brother, the sixteenth marquess. He was Lord Lieutenant of Hampshire and Chairman of the Hampshire County Council. On his death in 1962 at the age of 99 the line of the fourteenth marquess failed.

He was succeeded by his first cousin twice removed, the seventeenth marquess. He was the great-grandson of the Reverend Lord Charles Paulet, second son of the thirteenth marquess. On the seventeenth marquess's death in 1968 this line of the family also failed and the title passed to the seventeenth marquess's first cousin once removed, the eighteenth marquess, who died in 2016. Lord Winchester lived in South Africa.

The surname of the later dukes of Bolton is usually spelled "Powlett" rather than "Paulet". This spelling continues to be used by the Orde-Powlett family.

The Marquessate of Winchester is the oldest English marquessate still in existence, and as a result the holder of the peeeage is the premier marquess of England. The marquess of Winchester is also the only one in the peerage of England without a higher title; as all other marquesses in that peerage are also dukes.

Earl of Wiltshire is used as the courtesy title of Lord Winchester's eldest son and heir, while Lord Wiltshire's son and heir has the courtesy title Lord St John.

One of the main family seats was Basing House, near Old Basing, Hampshire.

Marquesses of Winchester (1551)

 
Arms of Paulet, Marquess of Winchester: Sable, three swords pilewise points in base proper pommels and hilts or

Dukes of Bolton (1689)

 
Heraldic achievement of "'Powlet Duke of Bolton", from The Peerage of England by Arthur Collins, 1768
  • The line was continued by the descendants of the 5th duke's natural daughter whose husband (Thomas Orde) was created Baron Bolton in 1797.

Marquesses of Winchester (1551; reverted)

Present peer

Christopher John Hilton Paulet, 19th Marquess of Winchester (born 30 July 1969) is the son of the 18th Marquess and his wife Rosemary Anne Hilton. From birth until 2016 he was styled formally as Earl of Wiltshire. He was guitarist with the pop group "Wizard". On 8 April 2016, he succeeded as Marquess of Winchester (1551), Earl of Wiltshire (1550), and Baron St. John (1539), all in the peerage of England.[4]

In 1992, he married Christine Town, daughter of Peter Town, and they have a son, Michael John Paulet, Earl of Wiltshire (born 1999), who is heir apparent to the peerages.[4]

Line of succession

Line of succession
  •   Charles Paulet, 13th Marquess of Winchester (1764–1843)
    • Rev. Lord Charles Paulet (1802–1870)
      • Charles William Paulet (1832–1897)
        • Cecil Henry Paulet (1875–1916)
          • George Cecil Paulet (1905–1961)
            •   Nigel Paulet, 18th Marquess of Winchester (1941–2016)
              • Christopher Paulet, 19th Marquess of Winchester (b. 1969)
                • (1). Michael Paulet, Earl of Wiltshire (b. 1999)
            • (2). Timothy Guy Paulet (b. 1944)
              • (3). Timothy Guy Paulet (b. 1975)
              • (4). Michael Raoul Paulet (b. 1976)

[4]

Arms

Coat of arms of Marquess of Winchester
 
Coronet
Coronet of a Marquess
Crest
A Falcon displayed Or belled of the same and ducally collared Gules.
Escutcheon
Sable three Swords in pile points downwards proper pommelled and hilted Or.
Supporters
On either side a Hind Purpure semée of Estoiles and ducally gorged Or.
Motto
Aimez Loyaulté (Love loyalty).

Family tree

See also

 
The Stables and Two Famous Running Horses belonging to His Grace, the Duke of Bolton, by James Seymour, 1747

Notes

  1. ^ George Edward Cokayne (1898). Complete Peerage. Vol. 5. pp. 172–175.
  2. ^ Doyle, James William Edmund (1886). The Official Baronage of England, v. 1. London: Longmans, Green. p. 200. from the original on 15 February 2017. Retrieved 16 October 2016.
  3. ^ Legal Notices. South Africa Government Gazette. 15 November 2019. Retrieved 30 January 2023.
  4. ^ a b c Morris, Susan; Bosberry-Scott, Wendy; Belfield, Gervase, eds. (2019). "Winchester, Marquess of". Debrett's Peerage and Baronetage. Vol. 1 (150th ed.). London: Debrett's Ltd. pp. 4805–4807. ISBN 978-1-999767-0-5-1.

References

March 03, 2023
marquess, winchester, title, peerage, england, that, created, 1551, prominent, statesman, william, paulet, earl, wiltshire, oldest, surviving, english, marquessates, therefore, holder, considered, premier, marquess, england, other, five, held, dukes, current, . Marquess of Winchester is a title in the Peerage of England that was created in 1551 for the prominent statesman William Paulet 1st Earl of Wiltshire It is the oldest of six surviving English marquessates therefore its holder is considered the premier marquess of England The other five are all now held by dukes The current holder is Christopher Paulet 19th Marquess of Winchester born 1969 whose son uses the courtesy title Earl of Wiltshire Marquessate of WinchesterSable three swords pilewise points in base proper pomels and hilts orCreation date12 October 1551Created byEdward VIPeeragePeerage of EnglandFirst holderWilliam Paulet 1st Marquess of WinchesterPresent holderChristopher Paulet 19th Marquess of WinchesterHeir apparentMichael Paulet Earl of WiltshireRemainder tothe 1st Earl s heirs male whatsoeverSubsidiary titlesEarl of WiltshireBaron St JohnStatusExtantMottoAimez Loyaulte Love Loyalty William Paulet 1st Marquess of Winchester and Lord High Treasurer of England Contents 1 History 2 Marquesses of Winchester 1551 2 1 Dukes of Bolton 1689 2 2 Marquesses of Winchester 1551 reverted 3 Present peer 3 1 Line of succession 4 Arms 5 Family tree 6 See also 7 Notes 8 ReferencesHistory EditThe peerage was created in 1551 for the prominent statesman William Paulet 1st Earl of Wiltshire The king at the time was Edward VI who was not of age and the decision was that of John Dudley 1st Duke of Northumberland who in the same year promoted himself to a dukedom Paulet had already been created Baron St John in 1539 and Earl of Wiltshire in 1550 also in the Peerage of England The first marquess was one of the most noted statesmen of his time serving in high positions under King Henry VIII and his children and served as Lord High Treasurer of England from 1550 to 1572 He was succeeded by his son the second marquess who had been summoned to the House of Lords in his father s lifetime through a writ of acceleration in his father s junior title of Baron St John His son the third marquess was summoned to the House of Lords through a writ of acceleration as Lord St John in 1572 His grandson the fifth marquess represented St Ives in the House of Commons During the Civil War he was a strong supporter of King Charles I and became known as the loyal Marquess The family seat of Basing House was burnt to the ground by the Parliamentarians during the conflict During this period the courtesy title for the heirs apparent of the marquesses was Baron St John that of Earl of Wiltshire does not seem to have been used perhaps because of an unsubstantiated tradition that that title was surrendered upon the creation of the marquessate 1 Another explanation could be possible embarrassment arising from the fact that his son Charles married Mary Scrope whose father the 11th Lord Scrope of Bolton and 1st Earl of Sunderland was the direct heir of the original Earl of Wiltshire beheaded by Henry IV in 1399 The original Earl of Wiltshire title had been in abeyance since then He was succeeded by his son the sixth marquess The sixth marquess was a supporter of King William III and Queen Mary II and was rewarded for his support after the Glorious Revolution when he was created Duke of Bolton He was succeeded by his son the second duke who as heir apparent to the marquessate in 1675 was the first to adopt the courtesy title of Earl of Wiltshire 2 The second Duke was a politician and notably served as Lord Chamberlain of the Household and as Lord Lieutenant of Ireland On his death the titles passed to his son the third duke who was also a politician He was a Whig Member of Parliament and served as lord lieutenant of several counties In 1717 he was meant to be summoned to the House of Lords through a writ of acceleration in his father s junior title of Baron St John of Basing However he was mistakenly summoned as Lord Pawlett of Basing and this inadvertently created a new barony However the barony of Pawlett of Basing became extinct as he had no legitimate offspring while he was succeeded in the other titles by his younger brother the fourth duke He notably served as a Lord of the Admiralty and as lord lieutenant of both Hampshire and Glamorganshire His eldest son the fifth duke was a member of Parliament and Lord Lieutenant of Hampshire He was succeeded by his younger brother the sixth duke He was an admiral of the White The sixth duke had no sons and on his death in 1794 the dukedom became extinct Most of the family estates passed to his niece Jean Mary Browne Powlett illegitimate daughter of the fifth duke She was the wife of Thomas Orde who assumed the additional surname of Powlett and was created Baron Bolton in 1797 The sixth duke was succeeded in the Barony of St John the Earldom of Wiltshire and the Marquessate of Winchester by his third cousin once removed George Paulet who became the twelfth marquess He was the great grandson of Lord Henry Paulet third son of the fourth marquess He had earlier represented Winchester in Parliament His son the thirteenth marquess was a member of Parliament for Truro and served as Lord Lieutenant of Hampshire In 1839 Lord Winchester assumed the additional surname of Burroughs He was succeeded by his son the fourteenth marquess He was also Lord Lieutenant of Hampshire His son the fifteenth marquess was a major in the Coldstream Guards and was killed in action at the Battle of Magersfontein in 1899 during the Second Boer War He was succeeded by his younger brother the sixteenth marquess He was Lord Lieutenant of Hampshire and Chairman of the Hampshire County Council On his death in 1962 at the age of 99 the line of the fourteenth marquess failed He was succeeded by his first cousin twice removed the seventeenth marquess He was the great grandson of the Reverend Lord Charles Paulet second son of the thirteenth marquess On the seventeenth marquess s death in 1968 this line of the family also failed and the title passed to the seventeenth marquess s first cousin once removed the eighteenth marquess who died in 2016 Lord Winchester lived in South Africa The surname of the later dukes of Bolton is usually spelled Powlett rather than Paulet This spelling continues to be used by the Orde Powlett family The Marquessate of Winchester is the oldest English marquessate still in existence and as a result the holder of the peeeage is the premier marquess of England The marquess of Winchester is also the only one in the peerage of England without a higher title as all other marquesses in that peerage are also dukes Earl of Wiltshire is used as the courtesy title of Lord Winchester s eldest son and heir while Lord Wiltshire s son and heir has the courtesy title Lord St John One of the main family seats was Basing House near Old Basing Hampshire Marquesses of Winchester 1551 Edit Arms of Paulet Marquess of Winchester Sable three swords pilewise points in base proper pommels and hilts or William Paulet 1st Marquess of Winchester died 1572 John Paulet 2nd Marquess of Winchester c 1510 1576 William Paulet 3rd Marquess of Winchester c 1535 1598 William Paulet 4th Marquess of Winchester c 1560 1628 John Paulet 5th Marquess of Winchester c 1598 1674 Charles Paulet 6th Marquess of Winchester died 1699 created Duke of Bolton in 1689 Dukes of Bolton 1689 Edit Heraldic achievement of Powlet Duke of Bolton from The Peerage of England by Arthur Collins 1768 Charles Paulet 1st Duke of Bolton died 1699 Charles Paulet 2nd Duke of Bolton 1661 1722 Charles Powlett 3rd Duke of Bolton 1685 1754 Harry Powlett 4th Duke of Bolton 1691 1759 Charles Powlett 5th Duke of Bolton died 1765 Harry Powlett 6th Duke of Bolton 1720 1794 The line was continued by the descendants of the 5th duke s natural daughter whose husband Thomas Orde was created Baron Bolton in 1797 dd Marquesses of Winchester 1551 reverted Edit George Paulet 12th Marquess of Winchester 1722 1800 Charles Ingoldsby Paulet 13th Marquess of Winchester 1765 1843 John Paulet 14th Marquess of Winchester 1801 1887 Augustus John Henry Beaumont Paulet 15th Marquess of Winchester 1858 1899 Henry William Montague Paulet 16th Marquess of Winchester 1862 1962 Richard Charles Paulet 17th Marquess of Winchester 1905 1968 Nigel George Paulet 18th Marquess of Winchester 1941 2016 3 Christopher John Hilton Paulet 19th Marquess of Winchester born 1969 Present peer EditChristopher John Hilton Paulet 19th Marquess of Winchester born 30 July 1969 is the son of the 18th Marquess and his wife Rosemary Anne Hilton From birth until 2016 he was styled formally as Earl of Wiltshire He was guitarist with the pop group Wizard On 8 April 2016 he succeeded as Marquess of Winchester 1551 Earl of Wiltshire 1550 and Baron St John 1539 all in the peerage of England 4 In 1992 he married Christine Town daughter of Peter Town and they have a son Michael John Paulet Earl of Wiltshire born 1999 who is heir apparent to the peerages 4 Line of succession Edit Line of succession Charles Paulet 13th Marquess of Winchester 1764 1843 Rev Lord Charles Paulet 1802 1870 Charles William Paulet 1832 1897 Cecil Henry Paulet 1875 1916 George Cecil Paulet 1905 1961 Nigel Paulet 18th Marquess of Winchester 1941 2016 Christopher Paulet 19th Marquess of Winchester b 1969 1 Michael Paulet Earl of Wiltshire b 1999 2 Timothy Guy Paulet b 1944 3 Timothy Guy Paulet b 1975 4 Michael Raoul Paulet b 1976 4 Arms EditCoat of arms of Marquess of Winchester Coronet Coronet of a Marquess Crest A Falcon displayed Or belled of the same and ducally collared Gules Escutcheon Sable three Swords in pile points downwards proper pommelled and hilted Or Supporters On either side a Hind Purpure semee of Estoiles and ducally gorged Or Motto Aimez Loyaulte Love loyalty Family tree EditvteEarls of Wiltshire Marquesses of Winchester and Dukes of Bolton family treeEARL OF WILTSHIRE first creation 1139EARL OF WILTSHIRE first creation recreated after 1143Hervey le Breton1st Earl of Wiltshire c 1110 1168 Patrick of SalisburyEarl of Salisbury1st Earl of Wiltshire c 1122 1168 Earldom of Wiltshire lapsed 1141Eleanor of Aquitaine c 1122 1204 King Henry II 1133 1189 Ida de Tosny died after 1181 William of SalisburyEarl of Salisbury2nd Earl of Wiltshire died 1196 King Richard I 1157 1199 King John 1166 1212 William LongespeeEarl of Salisbury3rd Earl of Wiltshire jure uxoris 1176 1226 Ela of SalisburyCountess of Salisbury3rd Countess of Wiltshire 1187 1261 William III Longespee d 1257 Maud de CliffordHenry de LacyEarl of Lincoln c 1251 1311 Margaret LongespeeCountess of Salisbury4th Countess of Wiltshire d 1310 ThomasEarl of Lancaster c 1278 1322 Alice de LacyCountess of LincolnCountess of Salisbury5th Countess of Wiltshire 1281 1348 EARL OF WILTSHIRE second creation 1397William ScropeEarl of Wiltshire 1350 1399 Earldom of Wiltshire forfeit 1399Humphrey StaffordDuke of Buckingham 1402 1460 James ButlerEarl of Ormond 1393 1452 EARL OF WILTSHIRE fourth creation 1470EARL OF WILTSHIRE third creation 1449Humphrey StaffordEarl of Stafford c 1425 1458 John Stafford1st Earl of Wiltshire 1427 1473 James ButlerEarl of OrmondEarl of Wiltshire 1420 1461 Thomas ButlerEarl of Ormond 1426 1515 Earldom of Wiltshire forfeit 1461Henry StaffordDuke of Buckingham 1455 1483 Edward Stafford2nd Earl of Wiltshire 1470 1499 William Boleyn 1451 1505 Lady Margaret Butler c 1454 1539 Earldom of Wiltshire extinct 1499EARL OF WILTSHIRE fifth creation 1510EARL OF WILTSHIRE sixth creation 1529EARL OF WILTSHIRE seventh creation 1550MARQUESS OF WINCHESTER 1551Henry StaffordEarl of Wiltshire c 1479 1523 Thomas BoleynEarl of Wiltshire c 1477 1539 William Paulet1st Earl of Wiltshire1st Marquess of Winchester c 1483 1485 1572 Earldom of Wiltshire extinct 1523Earldom of Wiltshire extinct 1539King Henry VIII 1491 1547 Anne Boleyn c 1501 1536 John Paulet2nd Marquess of Winchester c 1510 1576 Queen Elizabeth I 1533 1603 William Paulet3rd Marquess of Winchester c 1532 1598 William Paulet4th Marquess of Winchester c 1560 1628 William PauletEarl of Wiltshire c 1587 1588 1621 John Paulet5th Marquess of Winchester c 1598 1674 Lord Henry Paulet died 1672 DUKE OF BOLTON 1689Charles Paulet6th Marquess of Winchesterlater1st Duke of Bolton died 1699 Francis Paulet c 1645 1695 1696 Charles Paulet2nd Duke of Bolton7th Marquess of Winchester 1661 1722 Norton Paulet c 1679 1741 Charles Powlett3rd Duke of Bolton8th Marquess of Winchester 1685 1754 Harry Powlett4th Duke of Bolton9th Marquess of Winchester 1691 1759 Charles Powlett5th Duke of Bolton10th Marquess of Winchester died 1765 Harry Powlett6th Duke of Bolton11th Marquess of Winchester 1720 1794 George Paulet12th Marquess of Winchester 1722 1800 Dukedom of Bolton extinctCharles Ingoldsby Paulet13th Marquess of Winchester 1765 1843 John Paulet14th Marquess of Winchester 1801 1887 Lord Charles Paulet 1802 1870 Augustus John Henry Beaumont Paulet15th Marquess of Winchester 1858 1899 Henry William Montague Paulet16th Marquess of Winchester 1862 1962 Charles William Paulet 1832 1897 Charles Standish Paulet 1873 1953 Cecil Henry Paulet 1875 1916 Richard Charles Paulet17th Marquess of Winchester 1905 1968 George Cecil Paulet 1905 1961 Nigel George Paulet18th Marquess of Winchester 1941 2016 Christopher John Hilton Paulet19th Marquess of Winchester born 1969 Michael John Paulet Earl of Wiltshire born 1999 Heir apparent to the MarquessateSee also Edit The Stables and Two Famous Running Horses belonging to His Grace the Duke of Bolton by James Seymour 1747 Baron Bolton Earl Poulett Earl of Winchester Paulet baronets Bapsybanoo PavryNotes EditThis article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Marquess of Winchester news newspapers books scholar JSTOR February 2013 Learn how and when to remove this template message George Edward Cokayne 1898 Complete Peerage Vol 5 pp 172 175 Doyle James William Edmund 1886 The Official Baronage of England v 1 London Longmans Green p 200 Archived from the original on 15 February 2017 Retrieved 16 October 2016 Legal Notices South Africa Government Gazette 15 November 2019 Retrieved 30 January 2023 a b c Morris Susan Bosberry Scott Wendy Belfield Gervase eds 2019 Winchester Marquess of Debrett s Peerage and Baronetage Vol 1 150th ed London Debrett s Ltd pp 4805 4807 ISBN 978 1 999767 0 5 1 References EditKidd Charles Williamson David editors Debrett s Peerage and Baronetage 1990 edition New York St Martin s Press 1990 page needed Chisholm Hugh ed 1911 Winchester Earls and Marquesses of Encyclopaedia Britannica Vol 28 11th ed Cambridge University Press p 703 Leigh Rayment s Peerage Pages self published source better source needed Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Marquess of Winchester amp oldid 1141675701, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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