Cotton duck (from Dutch: doek, "linencanvas"), also simply duck, sometimes duck cloth or duck canvas, is a heavy, plain wovencottonfabric. Duck canvas is more tightly woven than plain canvas. There is also linen duck, which is less often used.
Cotton duck is used in a wide range of applications, from sneakers to painting canvases to tents to sandbags.[1]
Duck fabric is woven with two yarns together in the warp and a single yarn in the weft.
By treating with wax, duck fabric can be made waterproof (see waxed cotton).
Duck is classified according to weight in a numerical system, with grade 1 the heaviest and grade 12 the lightest variety. Besides this, traditional names exist, which are rarely used today.
The classification system used today dates from the 1920s. A numbered duck classification system was put into effect by the Cotton Duck Association and the United States Department of Commerce[3] when discrepancies came about with various specifications and qualities of material. In a technical paper titled "Development of the Standard Numbered Cotton Duck Specification", the Department's National Bureau of Standards established a set of specifications acceptable to manufacturer and consumer.[3]
According to the Department of Commerce,[3] "The number of the duck is based on the following computation: Number of Duck = 19 − (Weight per linear yard 22 inches wide in ounces)." This numbering system is used to describe the various weights of duck cloth, based on the weight of a 36-by-22-inch (91 cm × 56 cm) piece. Weights below 19 ounces are called numbered duck. Those above 19 ounces are called naught duck. The grade of numbered duck refers to the number of ounces subtracted from 19 for a 36-by-22-inch piece of fabric. For example, a piece of No. 8 numbered duck with dimensions of 36 by 22 inches weighs 11 ounces (310 g) (19 − 8 = 11).[4]
Number duck classifications per linear yard, 22 inches wide
Numbered duck is nominally made in weights from 1 to 12, but numbers 7, 9, and 11 are no longer used. Some typical uses of various grades (with weights in ounces) are:[1]
No. 1 (18 oz): hammocks, cots, sandbags
No. 2 (17 oz): hatch paulins
No. 3 (16 oz): heavy-duty bags
No. 4 (15 oz): sea bags
No. 5 (14 oz): heavy work clothes
No. 6 (13 oz): large boat covers, heavy work clothes
No. 8 (11 oz): work clothes, clothes bags
No. 10 (9 oz): work clothes, shower curtains
No. 12 (7 oz): light clothes
Number duck classifications per square yard
There is often confusion when it comes to matching up weights and the correct number duck classification. The table below accurately represents the weight and number duck classification[5] per square yard instead of linear yard 22 inches wide.
cotton, duck, from, dutch, doek, linen, canvas, also, simply, duck, sometimes, duck, cloth, duck, canvas, heavy, plain, woven, cotton, fabric, duck, canvas, more, tightly, woven, than, plain, canvas, there, also, linen, duck, which, less, often, used, used, pa. Cotton duck from Dutch doek linen canvas also simply duck sometimes duck cloth or duck canvas is a heavy plain woven cotton fabric Duck canvas is more tightly woven than plain canvas There is also linen duck which is less often used Cotton duck used in a pair of heavy duty work pantsCotton duck is used in a wide range of applications from sneakers to painting canvases to tents to sandbags 1 Duck fabric is woven with two yarns together in the warp and a single yarn in the weft By treating with wax duck fabric can be made waterproof see waxed cotton Cotton duck strips were the origin of duck tape recorded in the Oxford English Dictionary as having been in use since 1899 2 see duct tape Classification edit nbsp Close up showing weaveDuck is classified according to weight in a numerical system with grade 1 the heaviest and grade 12 the lightest variety Besides this traditional names exist which are rarely used today The classification system used today dates from the 1920s A numbered duck classification system was put into effect by the Cotton Duck Association and the United States Department of Commerce 3 when discrepancies came about with various specifications and qualities of material In a technical paper titled Development of the Standard Numbered Cotton Duck Specification the Department s National Bureau of Standards established a set of specifications acceptable to manufacturer and consumer 3 According to the Department of Commerce 3 The number of the duck is based on the following computation Number of Duck 19 Weight per linear yard 22 inches wide in ounces This numbering system is used to describe the various weights of duck cloth based on the weight of a 36 by 22 inch 91 cm 56 cm piece Weights below 19 ounces are called numbered duck Those above 19 ounces are called naught duck The grade of numbered duck refers to the number of ounces subtracted from 19 for a 36 by 22 inch piece of fabric For example a piece of No 8 numbered duck with dimensions of 36 by 22 inches weighs 11 ounces 310 g 19 8 11 4 Number duck classifications per linear yard 22 inches wideNumbered duck is nominally made in weights from 1 to 12 but numbers 7 9 and 11 are no longer used Some typical uses of various grades with weights in ounces are 1 No 1 18 oz hammocks cots sandbags No 2 17 oz hatch paulins No 3 16 oz heavy duty bags No 4 15 oz sea bags No 5 14 oz heavy work clothes No 6 13 oz large boat covers heavy work clothes No 8 11 oz work clothes clothes bags No 10 9 oz work clothes shower curtains No 12 7 oz light clothesNumber duck classifications per square yardThere is often confusion when it comes to matching up weights and the correct number duck classification The table below accurately represents the weight and number duck classification 5 per square yard instead of linear yard 22 inches wide No 1 30 oz sq yd or 1 000 g m2 floor amp wall covering sound absorption equipment covers heavy bags horse packs storage bins No 2 28 oz sq yd or 950 g m2 hatch paulins No 3 26 oz sq yd or 880 g m2 sea bags No 4 24 oz sq yd or 810 g m2 heavy duty work clothes hammocks sand bags director chairs place mats belting No 5 23 oz sq yd or 780 g m2 heavy work clothes No 6 21 oz sq yd or 710 g m2 utility bags place mats belting No 8 18 oz sq yd or 610 g m2 backpacks painted floor cloths tents tarps awnings work clothes clothes bags No 10 14 75 oz sq yd or 500 g m2 artist canvas murals shower curtains painted floor cloths hammocks clothes No 12 11 5 oz sq yd or 390 g m2 stretched artist canvas furniture slip covers light clothesSee also editDenim Drill fabric Duct tape Dungaree Ticking TwillReferences edit a b Tough Clothing for Tough Customers A Guide to Workwear Sierra Trading Post Archived from the original on March 30 2010 Retrieved 30 March 2010 duck tape Oxford English Dictionary Online ed Oxford University Press Subscription or participating institution membership required a b c Development of the Standard Numbered Cotton Duck Specification PDF National Bureau of Standards 1934 duck canvas duck Sizes Inc 11 August 2004 Archived from the original on 7 June 2011 Retrieved 23 June 2011 Cotton Duck Classifications Types Canvas Duck Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Cotton duck amp oldid 1116757095, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,