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Dina and Clarenza, two Messinese women, were heroines who, in legend, opposed the assaults of the Angevin forces.
Historical backgroundedit
The Vespers rebellion, begun in Palermo on Easter Monday, 30 March 1282, outside the Church of the Holy Spirit, spread quickly all over the island. Charles I of Anjou tried in vain to put down the uprising with the promise of many reforms. Finally he decided to intervene militarily. With 75,000 men and two hundred ships, in late May 1282 he landed between Catona and Gallico (north of Reggio), on the coast of Calabria opposite Messina, to begin the siege of Messina and to block the flow of support from Reggio to the Sicilian city. The city of the Strait was being governed by Alaimo da Lentini [it]. He was made Captain of the People and organized the resistance in the city.
Charles laid siege to Messina in vain until September, and in his attempt to conquer and occupy the city he spared no civilians, not old people, nor women, nor children. The city, although in its turn exhausted by the siege, repelled the continual attacks with the participation of the whole population.
The heroinesedit
During the night of 8 August there was a sneak attack by a combined Italian-French Guelph force on the city. Charles's troops tried to invade the city from the hills.
The two women were standing guard on the wall. As soon as they saw the enemies, they did all they could to repel the attack. While Dina continually hurled rocks down on the enemy soldiers, Clarenza rang the bells in the campanile of the Duomo, from which she awakened the whole city. Thus the Messinese rushed to the defense of their city and repelled the attack.[1]
Legacyedit
The heroines have become symbols of courage and of the Messinese civilians' devotion to their city. Today, Dina and Clarenza are found portrayed in Messina at Palazzo Zanca (the city hall) and on the campanile of the Duomo. The 4th Ward (formerly the 8th Quarter) of Messina, the oldest and central part of the city, is named for them.
Referencesedit
^Runciman, Steven (2012). The Sicilian Vespers: A History of the Mediterranean World in the Later Thirteenth Century. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 225. ISBN9781107604742.
Further readingedit
Giovanni Molonia (ed.), Il quartiere ottavo di Messina: Centro storico Dina e Clarenza. Messina: EDAS, 1994, ISBN88-7820-091-3.
Gustavo Chiesi (1892). La Sicilia illustrata nella storia, nell'arte, nei paesi [Sicily, Illustrated by its History, Art, and Countryside] (in Italian). E. Sonzogno. p. 446. Retrieved 12 August 2017.
Fulvio Mazza (2007). Messina: storia, cultura, economia [Messina: History, Culture, Economy] (in Italian). Luciano Catalioto. p. 92. ISBN978-88-498-1953-3. Retrieved 12 August 2017.
Dana Facaros; Michael Pauls (2008). Sicily. New Holland Publishers. p. 300. ISBN978-1-86011-397-0. Retrieved 12 August 2017.
Rough Guides (16 May 2017). The Rough Guide to Sicily. Rough Guides. p. 249. ISBN978-0-241-31269-8. Retrieved 12 August 2017.
Joseph Farrell (19 June 2014). Sicily: A Cultural History. Interlink Publishing Group, Incorporated. p. 122. ISBN978-1-62371-050-7. Retrieved 12 August 2017.
dina, clarenza, this, article, multiple, issues, please, help, improve, discuss, these, issues, talk, page, learn, when, remove, these, template, messages, this, article, includes, list, general, references, lacks, sufficient, corresponding, inline, citations,. This article has multiple issues Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page Learn how and when to remove these template messages This article includes a list of general references but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations August 2017 Learn how and when to remove this message This article relies largely or entirely on a single source Relevant discussion may be found on the talk page Please help improve this article by introducing citations to additional sources Find sources Dina and Clarenza news newspapers books scholar JSTOR April 2017 Learn how and when to remove this message DinaandClarenza are two women connected in legend with the historical siege of Messina by Charles I of Anjou during the Sicilian Vespers in August 1282 Dina and Clarenza ringing the bells to alert the Messinese people of danger part of the campanile of the Duomo di Messina Contents 1 The legend 1 1 Historical background 1 2 The heroines 2 Legacy 3 References 4 Further reading 5 See alsoThe legend editDina and Clarenza two Messinese women were heroines who in legend opposed the assaults of the Angevin forces Historical background edit The Vespers rebellion begun in Palermo on Easter Monday 30 March 1282 outside the Church of the Holy Spirit spread quickly all over the island Charles I of Anjou tried in vain to put down the uprising with the promise of many reforms Finally he decided to intervene militarily With 75 000 men and two hundred ships in late May 1282 he landed between Catona and Gallico north of Reggio on the coast of Calabria opposite Messina to begin the siege of Messina and to block the flow of support from Reggio to the Sicilian city The city of the Strait was being governed by Alaimo da Lentini it He was made Captain of the People and organized the resistance in the city Charles laid siege to Messina in vain until September and in his attempt to conquer and occupy the city he spared no civilians not old people nor women nor children The city although in its turn exhausted by the siege repelled the continual attacks with the participation of the whole population The heroines edit During the night of 8 August there was a sneak attack by a combined Italian French Guelph force on the city Charles s troops tried to invade the city from the hills The two women were standing guard on the wall As soon as they saw the enemies they did all they could to repel the attack While Dina continually hurled rocks down on the enemy soldiers Clarenza rang the bells in the campanile of the Duomo from which she awakened the whole city Thus the Messinese rushed to the defense of their city and repelled the attack 1 Legacy editThe heroines have become symbols of courage and of the Messinese civilians devotion to their city Today Dina and Clarenza are found portrayed in Messina at Palazzo Zanca the city hall and on the campanile of the Duomo The 4th Ward formerly the 8th Quarter of Messina the oldest and central part of the city is named for them References edit Runciman Steven 2012 The Sicilian Vespers A History of the Mediterranean World in the Later Thirteenth Century Cambridge Cambridge University Press p 225 ISBN 9781107604742 Further reading editGiovanni Molonia ed Il quartiere ottavo di Messina Centro storico Dina e Clarenza Messina EDAS 1994 ISBN 88 7820 091 3 Gustavo Chiesi 1892 La Sicilia illustrata nella storia nell arte nei paesi Sicily Illustrated by its History Art and Countryside in Italian E Sonzogno p 446 Retrieved 12 August 2017 Fulvio Mazza 2007 Messina storia cultura economia Messina History Culture Economy in Italian Luciano Catalioto p 92 ISBN 978 88 498 1953 3 Retrieved 12 August 2017 Dana Facaros Michael Pauls 2008 Sicily New Holland Publishers p 300 ISBN 978 1 86011 397 0 Retrieved 12 August 2017 Rough Guides 16 May 2017 The Rough Guide to Sicily Rough Guides p 249 ISBN 978 0 241 31269 8 Retrieved 12 August 2017 Joseph Farrell 19 June 2014 Sicily A Cultural History Interlink Publishing Group Incorporated p 122 ISBN 978 1 62371 050 7 Retrieved 12 August 2017 See also editMacalda di Scaletta nbsp Italy portal nbsp Middle Ages portal Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Dina and Clarenza amp oldid 1131294500, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
