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Dietrich von Grüningen

January 01, 1970

Dietrich von Grüningen (or von Groeningen) (* around 1210, † 3 September 1259) was a Knights Templar, Landmeister in Livonia and Landmeister of Prussia[1] and Deutschmeister of the Teutonic Order. One of the most outstanding figures of the Teutonic Order in the 13th century.[2]

Early years edit

He came from a ministerialis at Weissensee in Thuringia in the service of the Ludowinger Landgrave of Thuringia, which according to the place Grüningen (today part of Greußen) called. He probably performed on 18 November 1234 in Marburg (Lahn), together with the later Grand Master Conrad of Thuringia (1206-1240) and eight other followers of the latter, including the later one Grand Master Hartmann von Heldrungen († 1282), in the Teutonic Order. The occasion was probably the penance imposed on them for the total destruction of the city Fritzlar and the desecration of the local collegiate church two years earlier.

History edit

As the Livonian Brothers of the Sword after his heavy defeat against the Lithuanian Samogitians in the Battle of Schaulen (22 September 1236) in the year 1237 by arbitration of the Pope Gregory IX as Livonian Order was united with the Teutonic Knights, Dietrich von Grueningen should probably be in the same year Landmeister in Livland. However, the then Grand Master Hermann von Salza looked away from it and instead used Hermann von Balk, the Landmeister of Prussia, also in Livonia, probably because Dietrich von Grüningen only a few years earlier in the Order had come and was still very young. However, Grüningen may have already acted as representative of Balk in Livland. Already in 1238, when Balk had left because of serious illness and serious disputes with the bishop of Riga, Nikolaus von Nauen, about the sovereign rights in the area of the former Livonian Brothers of the Sword, followed him Dietrich von Grüningen as land master in Livland.

Grüningen remained until 1251 Landmeister in Livonia, briefly interrupted 1241-1242 by an interim office of Andreas von Felben. However, he was often absent as an anti - Staufer religious diplomat. As early as 1245, he served as temporary deputy of the German Champion. From 1246 to 1259 he was also Landmeister of Prussia, where he followed Poppo von Osterna (1244-1246). From 1254 to 1256 he was under the Master Poppo von Osterna in personal union both Landmeister of Prussia and Deutschmeister. Grüningen completed the conquest of Kurland and built a number of castles, including Goldingen (Kuldīga)[3] and Amboten (Embūte).

In 1254 he led an embassy of the Order to Pope Innocent IV in Rome; In doing so, he achieved that the Pope in a Papal bull the bishops of Kulm, Pomesania and Courland in support of the Order in the Christianization of the conquered landscapes Barten and Galinden. In December 1254, he concluded in the name of the Order a comparison with the Archbishop of Riga and the bishops of Bishopric of Ösel–Wiek, Courland and Dorpat, in which they are concerned about their respective claims to power in Livonia agreed. During the campaign of the king Ottokar II of Bohemia against the Prussians in Samland in the spring of 1255, Dietrich von Grüningen joined him in Elbing with a squad of knights from Kulm and the Warmia; Otto III, Margrave of Brandenburg.

References edit

  1. ^ Alan V. Murray (2001). Crusade and Conversion on the Baltic Frontier 1150–1500. Routledge. ISBN 978-0754603252.
  2. ^ (in German) Grüningen (Gruningen, Groningen), Dietrich von Deutsche Biographie
  3. ^ . Archived from the original on 2019-03-22. Retrieved 2019-03-22.

Literature edit

  • Grüningen (Gruningen, Groningen), Dietrich von | Kurt Forstreuter | 13614621X}} * {{NDB | 7 | 200 | 200 |
  • Theodor Kallmeyer (ed.): The Establishment of German Rule and Christian Faith in Courland during the Thirteenth Century (Elibron Classics Facsimile Reprint of Nicolai Kymmel, Riga, 1859). BookSurge Publishing, 2003, ISBN 1-4212-4508-6, ISBN 978-1-4212-4508-9
  • Friedrich Benninghoven: The Order of the Sword Brothers. Cologne; Graz, 1965 (p. 462).
  • Maciej Dorna: Bracia zakonu krzyżackiego w Prusach w latach 1228-1309 , Wydawnictwo Poznańskie, Poznań, 2004 (p. 132-141) (Polish)
  • Lutz Fenske & Klaus Militzer (ed.), The Knights Brothers in the Livonian branch of the Teutonic Order, Böhlau, Cologne, 1993, ISBN 3-412-06593-5, ISBN 978-3-412-06593-5 ( pp. 277–279)
  • (in German) The Pomeranian noble family of Grueningen
  • (in German) Friedrich Wachtsmuth (1878). Ueber die Quellen und den Verfasser der ältern livländischen Reimchronik.
  • (in German) Willigis Eckermann (1848). Lehrbuch der Religionsgeschichte und Mythologie der Vorzüglichsten Völker des Alterthums.

January 01, 1970
dietrich, grüningen, groeningen, around, 1210, september, 1259, knights, templar, landmeister, livonia, landmeister, prussia, deutschmeister, teutonic, order, most, outstanding, figures, teutonic, order, 13th, century, contents, early, years, history, referenc. Dietrich von Gruningen or von Groeningen around 1210 3 September 1259 was a Knights Templar Landmeister in Livonia and Landmeister of Prussia 1 and Deutschmeister of the Teutonic Order One of the most outstanding figures of the Teutonic Order in the 13th century 2 Contents 1 Early years 2 History 3 References 4 LiteratureEarly years editHe came from a ministerialis at Weissensee in Thuringia in the service of the Ludowinger Landgrave of Thuringia which according to the place Gruningen today part of Greussen called He probably performed on 18 November 1234 in Marburg Lahn together with the later Grand Master Conrad of Thuringia 1206 1240 and eight other followers of the latter including the later one Grand Master Hartmann von Heldrungen 1282 in the Teutonic Order The occasion was probably the penance imposed on them for the total destruction of the city Fritzlar and the desecration of the local collegiate church two years earlier History editAs the Livonian Brothers of the Sword after his heavy defeat against the Lithuanian Samogitians in the Battle of Schaulen 22 September 1236 in the year 1237 by arbitration of the Pope Gregory IX as Livonian Order was united with the Teutonic Knights Dietrich von Grueningen should probably be in the same year Landmeister in Livland However the then Grand Master Hermann von Salza looked away from it and instead used Hermann von Balk the Landmeister of Prussia also in Livonia probably because Dietrich von Gruningen only a few years earlier in the Order had come and was still very young However Gruningen may have already acted as representative of Balk in Livland Already in 1238 when Balk had left because of serious illness and serious disputes with the bishop of Riga Nikolaus von Nauen about the sovereign rights in the area of the former Livonian Brothers of the Sword followed him Dietrich von Gruningen as land master in Livland Gruningen remained until 1251 Landmeister in Livonia briefly interrupted 1241 1242 by an interim office of Andreas von Felben However he was often absent as an anti Staufer religious diplomat As early as 1245 he served as temporary deputy of the German Champion From 1246 to 1259 he was also Landmeister of Prussia where he followed Poppo von Osterna 1244 1246 From 1254 to 1256 he was under the Master Poppo von Osterna in personal union both Landmeister of Prussia and Deutschmeister Gruningen completed the conquest of Kurland and built a number of castles including Goldingen Kuldiga 3 and Amboten Embute In 1254 he led an embassy of the Order to Pope Innocent IV in Rome In doing so he achieved that the Pope in a Papal bull the bishops of Kulm Pomesania and Courland in support of the Order in the Christianization of the conquered landscapes Barten and Galinden In December 1254 he concluded in the name of the Order a comparison with the Archbishop of Riga and the bishops of Bishopric of Osel Wiek Courland and Dorpat in which they are concerned about their respective claims to power in Livonia agreed During the campaign of the king Ottokar II of Bohemia against the Prussians in Samland in the spring of 1255 Dietrich von Gruningen joined him in Elbing with a squad of knights from Kulm and the Warmia Otto III Margrave of Brandenburg References edit Alan V Murray 2001 Crusade and Conversion on the Baltic Frontier 1150 1500 Routledge ISBN 978 0754603252 in German Gruningen Gruningen Groningen Dietrich von Deutsche Biographie Hanseatic Cities Kuldiga Archived from the original on 2019 03 22 Retrieved 2019 03 22 Literature editGruningen Gruningen Groningen Dietrich von Kurt Forstreuter 13614621X NDB 7 200 200 Theodor Kallmeyer ed The Establishment of German Rule and Christian Faith in Courland during the Thirteenth Century Elibron Classics Facsimile Reprint of Nicolai Kymmel Riga 1859 BookSurge Publishing 2003 ISBN 1 4212 4508 6 ISBN 978 1 4212 4508 9 Friedrich Benninghoven The Order of the Sword Brothers Cologne Graz 1965 p 462 Maciej Dorna Bracia zakonu krzyzackiego w Prusach w latach 1228 1309 Wydawnictwo Poznanskie Poznan 2004 p 132 141 Polish Lutz Fenske amp Klaus Militzer ed The Knights Brothers in the Livonian branch of the Teutonic Order Bohlau Cologne 1993 ISBN 3 412 06593 5 ISBN 978 3 412 06593 5 pp 277 279 in German The Pomeranian noble family of Grueningen in German Friedrich Wachtsmuth 1878 Ueber die Quellen und den Verfasser der altern livlandischen Reimchronik in German Willigis Eckermann 1848 Lehrbuch der Religionsgeschichte und Mythologie der Vorzuglichsten Volker des Alterthums Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Dietrich von Gruningen amp oldid 1201643079, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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