Dick Bentley Productions Ltd v Harold Smith (Motors) Ltd
January 13, 2023
Dick Bentley Productions Ltd v Harold Smith (Motors) Ltd [1965] EWCA Civ 2 is an English contract law case, concerning the difference between a representation and a contract term.
Dick Bentley Productions Ltd wanted a ‘well vetted’ Bentley. Harold Smith (Motors) Ltd, car dealers, found one which they said had done only 20,000 miles since a replacement engine. It later emerged that the Bentley had done 100,000 since the engine and gear box had been replaced. Dick Bentley sued Harold Smith for breach of warranty, and was successful before the trial judge.
Judgment
The Court of Appeal held that the statement of how many miles were done was a term of the contract, because the Harold Smith (Motors) Ltd were car dealers and in a better position to know than the claimant about the truth of the statement. This affects the parties' intention to incorporate a term into a contract. Lord Denning MR said the following.
The first point is whether this representation, namely that it had done 20,000 miles only since it had been fitted with a replacement engine and gearbox, was an innocent misrepresentation (which does not give rise to damages), or whether it was a warranty. It was said by Chief Justice Holt, and repeated in Heilbut, Symons & Go. -v- Buckleton, reported in 1913 Appeal Cases at page 49:
"An affirmation at the time of the sale is a warranty, provided it appear on evidence to be so intended".
But that word "intended" has given rise to difficulties. I endeavoured to explain in Oscar Chess Ltd. -v- Williams in 1957, 1 Weekly Law Reports, page 375, that the question whether a warranty was intended depends on the conduct of the parties, on their words and behaviour, rather than on their thoughts. If an intelligent bystander would reasonably infer that a warranty was intended, that will suffice. What conduct, then? What words and behaviour lead to the inference of a warranty?
Looking at the cases once more, as we have done so often, it seems to me that if a representation is made in the course of dealings for a contract for the very purpose of inducing the other party to act upon it, and actually inducing him to act upon it, by entering into the contract, that is prima facie ground for inferring that it was intended as a warranty. It is not necessary to speak of it as being collateral. Suffice it that it was intended to be acted upon and was in fact acted on. But the maker of the representation can rebut this inference if he can show that it really was an innocent misrepresentation, in that he was in fact innocent of fault in making it, and that it would not be reasonable in the circumstances for him to be bound by it. In the Oscar Chess case the inference was rebutted. There a man had bought a second-hand car and received with it a log-book which stated the year of the car, '194-8. He afterwards resold the car. When he resold it he simply repeated what was in the log-book and passed it on to the buyer. He honestly believed on reasonable grounds that it was true. He was completely innocent of any fault. There was no warranty by him but only an innocent misrepresentation.. Whereas in the present case it is very different. The inference is not rebutted. Here we have a dealer, Mr. Smith, who was in a position to know, or at least to find out, the history of the car. He could get it by writing to the makers. He did not do so. Indeed it was done later. When the history of this car was examined, his statement turned out to be quite wrong. He ought to have known better. There was no reasonable foundation for it.
dick, bentley, productions, harold, smith, motors, 1965, ewca, english, contract, case, concerning, difference, between, representation, contract, term, dick, bentley, harold, smith, ltda, bentley, motorcourtcourt, appealcitation, 1965, ewca, 1965, 623keywords. Dick Bentley Productions Ltd v Harold Smith Motors Ltd 1965 EWCA Civ 2 is an English contract law case concerning the difference between a representation and a contract term Dick Bentley Ltd v Harold Smith LtdA Bentley MotorCourtCourt of AppealCitation s 1965 EWCA Civ 2 1965 1 WLR 623KeywordsContract term Contents 1 Facts 2 Judgment 3 See also 4 Notes 5 ReferencesFacts EditDick Bentley Productions Ltd wanted a well vetted Bentley Harold Smith Motors Ltd car dealers found one which they said had done only 20 000 miles since a replacement engine It later emerged that the Bentley had done 100 000 since the engine and gear box had been replaced Dick Bentley sued Harold Smith for breach of warranty and was successful before the trial judge Judgment EditThe Court of Appeal held that the statement of how many miles were done was a term of the contract because the Harold Smith Motors Ltd were car dealers and in a better position to know than the claimant about the truth of the statement This affects the parties intention to incorporate a term into a contract Lord Denning MR said the following The first point is whether this representation namely that it had done 20 000 miles only since it had been fitted with a replacement engine and gearbox was an innocent misrepresentation which does not give rise to damages or whether it was a warranty It was said by Chief Justice Holt and repeated in Heilbut Symons amp Go v Buckleton reported in 1913 Appeal Cases at page 49 An affirmation at the time of the sale is a warranty provided it appear on evidence to be so intended But that word intended has given rise to difficulties I endeavoured to explain in Oscar Chess Ltd v Williams in 1957 1 Weekly Law Reports page 375 that the question whether a warranty was intended depends on the conduct of the parties on their words and behaviour rather than on their thoughts If an intelligent bystander would reasonably infer that a warranty was intended that will suffice What conduct then What words and behaviour lead to the inference of a warranty Looking at the cases once more as we have done so often it seems to me that if a representation is made in the course of dealings for a contract for the very purpose of inducing the other party to act upon it and actually inducing him to act upon it by entering into the contract that is prima facie ground for inferring that it was intended as a warranty It is not necessary to speak of it as being collateral Suffice it that it was intended to be acted upon and was in fact acted on But the maker of the representation can rebut this inference if he can show that it really was an innocent misrepresentation in that he was in fact innocent of fault in making it and that it would not be reasonable in the circumstances for him to be bound by it In the Oscar Chess case the inference was rebutted There a man had bought a second hand car and received with it a log book which stated the year of the car 194 8 He afterwards resold the car When he resold it he simply repeated what was in the log book and passed it on to the buyer He honestly believed on reasonable grounds that it was true He was completely innocent of any fault There was no warranty by him but only an innocent misrepresentation Whereas in the present case it is very different The inference is not rebutted Here we have a dealer Mr Smith who was in a position to know or at least to find out the history of the car He could get it by writing to the makers He did not do so Indeed it was done later When the history of this car was examined his statement turned out to be quite wrong He ought to have known better There was no reasonable foundation for it Salmon LJ and Danckwerts LJ agreed See also EditEnglish contract lawNotes EditReferences Edit Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Dick Bentley Productions Ltd v Harold Smith Motors Ltd amp oldid 1082970440, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
