Kulah Khuds (Persian: کلاه خود; also known as top in India and devil masks[1] among English speaking arms collectors) were used in ancient western Asia for battle and as decorative head pieces.[2]
A style of helmet known as top in India. This top came from the Deccan region.
Khula Khud helmets originated in Central Asia and Turkestan,[3] they were worn by Persian Empire soldiers in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries.[4] Made of steel, these bowl-shaped helmets were designed as either low and flat, or high and pointed. They sometimes contained a spike socket at the top of the helmet, which resembles a spearhead with a cross-like section. Two or three plume holders were attached on either side of the skull, used to mount feathers from birds such as the egret.[5][6]
The helmet had an iron-and-brass or brass-and-copper aventail that hung at the base of the helmet to protect the neck, shoulders and the temple of the face. Sometimes, the aventail extended down to cover the eyes and the nose. The low end of the aventail was often shaped in a zig-zag triangular pattern (vandyked).[6]
A bar made of iron or steel was attached to the front of the helmet with a bracket and could be adjusted in position – so when not in use, it could slide upward and fasten with a link, a hook, or a set screw. The two ends of the bar expanded into leaf-shaped plates, forming a finial. In some Indian tops, the lower end of the bar was designed as a large crescent-shaped metal guard that protected most of the face below the eye level. One rare version of the helmet included three irons protecting the nose and the cheeks.[6]
Decorationedit
A highly ornate top from an eighteenth-century Mughal warriorAn Indo-Persian devil mask with horns and a face
Despite the similarity in their design, the Khula Khud helmets were decorated with a wide degree of variations depending on the cultures from which they were created. Decorations often appeared in the skull and the nasal bar, which were often heavily decorated with patterned motifs of inlaid brass, silver or gold; or decorated with figurative images. One Mughal top helmet featured calligraphic inscriptions from the Quran, supposedly to gain "Help from Allah and a speedy victory." A top discovered in Gwalior, India, featured a motif of the skull and crossbones sign of European influence. Another part of the Khula Khud helmet that was often a focus of artistic decoration, was the leaf-shaped finials of the nasal bar. A Sikh top featured the figure of Ganesha carved onto the nasal bar. The Khula Khud helmet was only decorated with some metals, and usually no organic decorations.[5]
Revivaledit
Despite the modernization of Iran's military in the nineteenth century, traditional armor continues to be manufactured. Since the nineteenth century, the Khula Khud has been displayed in military parades, used as a part of costumes worn in dramatizations, and sold as a souvenir.[7]
See alsoedit
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Kulah khud.
^"Arms & Armour for sale on MasterArt.com". www.masterart.com.
Cited worksedit
Gahir, Sunita; Spencer, Sharon, eds. (2006). Weapon – A Visual History of Arms and Armor. New York City: DK Publishing. ISBN9780756622107.
Stone, George Cameron (2013). A Glossary of the Construction, Decoration and Use of Arms and Armor: in All Countries and in All Times. Dover: Courier Corporation. ISBN9780486131290.
kulah, khud, kulah, khuds, persian, کلاه, خود, also, known, india, devil, masks, among, english, speaking, arms, collectors, were, used, ancient, western, asia, battle, decorative, head, pieces, style, helmet, known, india, this, came, from, deccan, region, co. Kulah Khuds Persian کلاه خود also known as top in India and devil masks 1 among English speaking arms collectors were used in ancient western Asia for battle and as decorative head pieces 2 A style of helmet known as top in India This top came from the Deccan region Contents 1 Form and origin 2 Decoration 3 Revival 4 See also 5 References 6 Cited worksForm and origin editKhula Khud helmets originated in Central Asia and Turkestan 3 they were worn by Persian Empire soldiers in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries 4 Made of steel these bowl shaped helmets were designed as either low and flat or high and pointed They sometimes contained a spike socket at the top of the helmet which resembles a spearhead with a cross like section Two or three plume holders were attached on either side of the skull used to mount feathers from birds such as the egret 5 6 The helmet had an iron and brass or brass and copper aventail that hung at the base of the helmet to protect the neck shoulders and the temple of the face Sometimes the aventail extended down to cover the eyes and the nose The low end of the aventail was often shaped in a zig zag triangular pattern vandyked 6 A bar made of iron or steel was attached to the front of the helmet with a bracket and could be adjusted in position so when not in use it could slide upward and fasten with a link a hook or a set screw The two ends of the bar expanded into leaf shaped plates forming a finial In some Indian tops the lower end of the bar was designed as a large crescent shaped metal guard that protected most of the face below the eye level One rare version of the helmet included three irons protecting the nose and the cheeks 6 Decoration edit nbsp A highly ornate top from an eighteenth century Mughal warrior nbsp An Indo Persian devil mask with horns and a face Despite the similarity in their design the Khula Khud helmets were decorated with a wide degree of variations depending on the cultures from which they were created Decorations often appeared in the skull and the nasal bar which were often heavily decorated with patterned motifs of inlaid brass silver or gold or decorated with figurative images One Mughal top helmet featured calligraphic inscriptions from the Quran supposedly to gain Help from Allah and a speedy victory A top discovered in Gwalior India featured a motif of the skull and crossbones sign of European influence Another part of the Khula Khud helmet that was often a focus of artistic decoration was the leaf shaped finials of the nasal bar A Sikh top featured the figure of Ganesha carved onto the nasal bar The Khula Khud helmet was only decorated with some metals and usually no organic decorations 5 Revival editDespite the modernization of Iran s military in the nineteenth century traditional armor continues to be manufactured Since the nineteenth century the Khula Khud has been displayed in military parades used as a part of costumes worn in dramatizations and sold as a souvenir 7 See also edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Kulah khud Turban helmetReferences edit Lisle Arms and Armour catalogue 1973 Gahir amp Spencer 2006 p 23 Gahir amp Spencer 2006 p 170 Helmet Kulah Khud Persian The Met The Metropolitan Museum of Art i e The Met Museum Retrieved 2018 05 10 a b Gahir amp Spencer 2006 p 268 a b c Stone 2013 p 51 Arms amp Armour for sale on MasterArt com www masterart com Cited works editGahir Sunita Spencer Sharon eds 2006 Weapon A Visual History of Arms and Armor New York City DK Publishing ISBN 9780756622107 Stone George Cameron 2013 A Glossary of the Construction Decoration and Use of Arms and Armor in All Countries and in All Times Dover Courier Corporation ISBN 9780486131290 Kulah Khud helmet Kulah Khud helmet www amirmohtashemi com Retrieved 2018 03 15 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Kulah khud amp oldid 1215956241, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
