Damascus International Airport

Damascus International Airport (Arabic: مَطَار دِمَشْق الدَّوْلِيّ, romanized: Maṭār Dimašq ad-Duwaliyy) (IATA: DAM, ICAO: OSDI) is the international airport of Damascus, the capital of Syria. Inaugurated in the mid-1970s, it also was the country's busiest airport. In 2010, an estimated 5.5 million passengers used the airport, an increase of more than 50% since 2004.^[2] But it has the issue of the civil war ending many flights to Damascus cutting off the population of the city from many international flights.

Damascus International Airport مطار دمشق الدولي Maṭār Dimašq al-Duwaliyy
IATA: DAM ICAO: OSDI
Summary
Airport type	Joint (civil and military air base)
Owner	Government of Syria
Operator	Directorate General of Civil Aviation
Serves	Damascus, Syria
Opened	1973; 50 years ago (1973)^[1]
Hub for	Syrian Air Cham Wings Airlines
Built	1965
Time zone	AST (UTC+03:00)
Elevation AMSL	616 m / 2,020 ft
Coordinates	33°24′41″N 36°30′56″E / 33.41139°N 36.51556°E / 33.41139; 36.51556
Website	www.damascus-airport.com
Map
DAM Damascus International Airport Show map of Syria DAM DAM (Asia) Show map of Asia
Runways
Direction Length Surface m ft 05R/23L 3,600 11,811 Asphalt 05L/23R 3,598 11,804 Asphalt
Statistics (2010)
Passengers 5,500,000 (50.1%)

History

Establishment

 

Airport tower in 2007

The construction of the airport was entrusted in 1965 to a group of French companies (SCB, CSF, Spie and Cegelec), led by the SCB.^[3] In the late 1980s, the airport had robust air service. Over 30 airlines were operating to the city, offering nonstop flights to various destinations in Europe, North Africa, the Middle East, and South Asia. Pakistan International Airlines connected Damascus twice a week with New York via Frankfurt, with Boeing 747-300 aircraft.^[4]

In March 2007, Iran Air inaugurated a flight from Tehran to Caracas via Damascus using Boeing 747s.^[5][6] It codeshared with Conviasa on the route.^[7] Seven months later, the latter started operating the flight instead with an Airbus A340.^[8][9]

Syrian civil war

Since the onset of the Syrian Civil War, the airport and the road leading to it have been closed intermittently and most international airlines, such as Emirates and EgyptAir, have ceased flights.^[10] Conviasa suspended its service in August 2012.^[11][12]

Israeli air raids

In June 2022, Damascus International Airport suffered major damage, including to runways, following an Israeli missile attack, targeting alleged Iranian weapons transfers.^[13][14] Flights were halted to and from the airport for two weeks due to the extensive damage to infrastructure.^[15] On 2 January 2023, Damascus International Airport temporarily went out of service after an Israeli missile strike.^[16] The airport reopened after 7 hours and continued service.^[17]

On 12 October 2023, Damascus International Airport was temporarily closed due to a damaged runway following Israeli missile attacks on both it and Aleppo International Airport, during the skirmishes which occurred across the border, in connection with the Israel–Hamas war.^[18] The airport was put back in service on 18 October.^[19] On 22 October, both Aleppo and Damascus airports were hit simultaneously, putting them out of service for the second time within two weeks,^[20] in which two workers were killed during the raid.^[21]

Facilities

Terminals

 

Duty-free shops in 2007

The airport is of Islamic architecture, and has two terminals, one for international flights and the other for domestic flights. The airport features two duty-free outlets. The departures hall also includes an in-house coffee shop, several souvenir shops, three restaurants, and a lounge for first and business class passengers.^[22] The southern part of the airport has hardened aircraft shelters and artillery revetments.^[23]

The construction of a third terminal is planned but its construction has been postponed due to the events of the civil war, this should increase the capacity of the airport to 16 million passengers per year.

Runways

 

Aerial view of DAM

Current runways allow the landing of virtually all types of aircraft currently in use in the world (including Airbus A380, Boeing 787 Dreamliner and Boeing 747-8). The airport has two parallel runways (05R/23L and 05L/23R), which were completely renovated in the 2010s.

Airlines and destinations

Airlines	Destinations
Air Mediterranean^[24]	Athens^[25]
Caspian Airlines	Tehran–Imam Khomeini
Cham Wings Airlines^[26]	Abu Dhabi, Aleppo, Baghdad, Bahrain, Basra, Beirut, Benghazi, Erbil, Karachi, Khartoum, Kuwait City, Moscow–Sheremetyevo, Muscat, Najaf, Qamishli, Sharjah, Tehran–Imam Khomeini, Yerevan
Conviasa^[27]	Caracas,^[28] Tehran–Imam Khomeini^[29]
Fly Baghdad^[30]	Baghdad, Basra, Erbil, Najaf
FlyErbil	Erbil^[31]
Mahan Air	Tehran–Imam Khomeini
Meraj Airlines	Tehran–Imam Khomeini^[32]
Pakistan International Airlines	Karachi, Lahore^[33]
Syrian Air^[34]	Abu Dhabi, Algiers, Amman–Queen Alia, Baghdad, Bahrain, Beirut, Cairo, Doha, Dubai–International, Khartoum (suspended), Kuwait City, Latakia, Misrata, Moscow–Vnukovo, Najaf, Qamishli, Sharjah Seasonal: Jeddah
UR Airlines^[35]	Baghdad, Najaf

Ground transportation

Located 30 kilometers (20 miles) southeast of Damascus, It is in the governate of Rif-Dimashq. The facility is connected to the city by a highway. A shuttle bus runs between the city center and the airport. The building of a railway line and a terminal bus station with a shopping center at the airport is planned to connect it to the Hejaz station.

Accidents and incidents

• On 20 August 1975, ČSA Flight 540 crashed while on approach to Damascus International Airport. Out of the 128 passengers and crew on board, there were only two survivors.

References

1. "New Damascus International Airport". centreforaviation.com. Retrieved 17 June 2022.
2. "The Report: Syria 2010" 29 August 2009 at the Wayback Machine,
3. AFP (1 April 1965). "Un groupe de firmes françaises va construire l'aéroport international de Damas" (in French). Le Monde. Retrieved 8 July 2019.
4. "Airlines and Aircraft Serving Damascus Effective January 15, 1989". Official Airline Guide: Worldwide Edition. Retrieved 30 November 2021.
5. Spaeth, Andreas (17 June 2007). . Frankfurter Allgemeine Sonntagszeitung (in German). Archived from the original on 25 June 2007. Retrieved 10 April 2023.
6. "Iran: National airline to fly to Venezuela". Tampa Bay Times. 11 February 2007. Retrieved 30 November 2021.
7. Romero, Simon (3 March 2007). "Venezuela and Iran Strengthen Ties With Caracas-to-Tehran Flight". The New York Times. Retrieved 30 November 2021.
8. "La compañía venezolana Conviasa inaugura la ruta Caracas-Teherán con escala en Damasco". Notimérica (in Spanish). 7 October 2007. Retrieved 9 April 2023.
9. . Conviasa (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 18 December 2007. Retrieved 9 April 2023.
10. "Damascus under siege". Salon. 11 December 2012.
11. "Conviasa resumes Syria service from late-May 2023". AeroRoutes. 25 March 2023. Retrieved 27 July 2023.
12. . Conviasa (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 5 August 2012. Retrieved 18 April 2023.
13. "'Heavy' damage to Damascus airport confirmed after Israeli attack". www.aljazeera.com. Retrieved 12 June 2022.
14. Harel, Amos (12 June 2022). "Analysis | Israel Shut Down Damascus Airport to Thwart Weapons Smuggling From Iran". Haaretz.
15. "Israeli strike on Damascus airport in June halted aid in Syria for two weeks: UN". Al Arabiya English. 14 September 2022. Retrieved 2 January 2023.
16. Al-Khalidi, Suleiman (2 January 2023). "Syria says Israel strike puts Damascus airport briefly out of service". Reuters. Retrieved 2 January 2023.
17. "Damascus airport reopens after Israeli raid kills Syrian soldiers". www.aljazeera.com. Retrieved 2 January 2023.
18. "Syria says Israeli missiles hit Damascus, Aleppo airports". Reuters. 12 October 2023. Retrieved 12 October 2023.
19. "Syria's Damascus airport to be back in service as of 'tomorrow afternoon' -State TV". Reuters. 17 October 2023. Retrieved 18 October 2023.
20. "Syria says Israel hit Damascus, Aleppo airports again amid Gaza bombing". Al Jazeera. 22 October 2023.
21. "Israeli air strikes kill two workers at Syria's Damascus airport, official says". Reuters. 22 October 2023.
22. Natalia Atfee (November 2005). "Les grands projets urbains de Damas". Archive ouverte HAL (in French). Retrieved 9 July 2019.
23. "Strike at Damascus Airport: Israel Shows How it's Done". 30 April 2017.
24. "Greece's Air Mediterranean to inaugurate first flight from Europe to Syria in over a decade!". Greek City Times. Retrieved 9 March 2023.
25. [1] Air Mediterranean destinations
26. chamwings.com - Our destinations retrieved 27 January 2021
27. "Conviasa anuncia vuelos entre Venezuela y Siria". Aviacionline.com (in Spanish). 3 March 2023. Retrieved 3 March 2023.
28. "CONVIASA RESUMES SYRIA SERVICE FROM LATE-MAY 2023". Aeroroutes. Retrieved 25 March 2023.
29. "Conviasa resumes flights between Caracas and Tehran". Aviacionline.com. 20 June 2022. Retrieved 20 June 2022.
30. flybaghdad.net retrieved 27 January 2021
31. "FlyErbil Adds Berlin / Damascus Service in 2Q23".
32. "Three Iranian cargo planes that landed in Damascus on Sunday were the reason behind Israel's attack last night". 20 December 2022.
33. PAKISTAN INTERNATIONAL SCHEDULES EXTRA DAMASCUS SERVICE IN SEP 2022
34. syrianair.com retrieved 27 January 2021
35. "UR Airlines destinations". flightradar24.com. FlightRadar24. Retrieved 2 August 2021.

External links

  Media related to Damascus International Airport at Wikimedia Commons

• Accident history for DAM at Aviation Safety Network
• Airport information for OSDI at Great Circle Mapper. Source: DAFIF (effective October 2006).
• Current weather for OSDI at NOAA/NWS
• Airport at the flightradar24.com