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The Córdoba offensive was a failed Republican offensive against the Nationalist held city of Cordoba. It took place from 19 to 22 August 1936 during the Spanish Civil War.
On 18 July, the military governor of Cordoba, Ciriaco Cascajo, started the coup in the city, bombing the civil government and arresting the civil governor, Rodriguez de Leon.[1] After that, he and the civil guard officer Bruno Ibañez, Don Bruno, carried out a bloody repression (in the first weeks, 2,000 persons were executed).[2][3][4] In the second week of August, the Nationalist troops were reinforced by 400 regulares who, led by Colonel Varela, after the capture of Huelva, launched an attack eastwards from Seville in order to relieve the besieged nationalist-held city of Granada. After a corridor to the city was established, Varela prepared to attack Malaga. At that point, the Republican Army launched an attack in order to recover Córdoba.[5]
The offensiveedit
The Republican force, led by General Miaja, was composed of 3,000 men, mainly regular troops, civil guards, militiamen from Madrid and local volunteers. Opposing them, the Nationalists had the small force of the Nationalist commander in Cordoba, Colonel Cascajo, and the column of Colonel Varela. The Nationalists also had one DC-2 and several Sa-81 bombers.[6]
The advance of Miaja's force had started on 5 August but its advance was very slow and only occupied small towns like Adamuz and Pozoblanco.[7] The Republican attack against Cordoba itself started on 20 August. The Republican troops reached the gates of Cordoba (5 km from the city), but they were beaten back and the attack failed on 22 August. According to Thomas, the offensive failed because of the skillful use of the Italian Savoia bombers and because Cascajo threatened to execute the family of Miaja who were in Cordoba.[8] According to Beevor, the attack failed because of the incompetence of Miaja and the Republican professional officers.[5] Furthermore, many of Miaja's officers were, in fact, Nationalist supporters (Miaja's adjutant was hoping to cross the lines, and on 23 August one captain, Antonio Reparaz, deserted with 200 civil guards).[9]
Aftermathedit
Nationalist repression in the towns briefly occupied by the Republicans was very harsh. In the town of Palma del Rio, a local landowner killed 300 supporters of the Republic[10] (the Republicans had killed 42 supporters of the Nationalists there).[11] After a nationalist counter-offensive in September, the Cordoba front was stabilised.[5]
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You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in Spanish July 2011 Click show for important translation instructions View a machine translated version of the Spanish article Machine translation like DeepL or Google Translate is a useful starting point for translations but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate rather than simply copy pasting machine translated text into the English Wikipedia Consider adding a topic to this template there are already 5 140 articles in the main category and specifying topic will aid in categorization Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low quality If possible verify the text with references provided in the foreign language article You must provide copyright attribution in the edit summary accompanying your translation by providing an interlanguage link to the source of your translation A model attribution edit summary is Content in this edit is translated from the existing Spanish Wikipedia article at es Ofensiva de Cordoba see its history for attribution You should also add the template Translated es Ofensiva de Cordoba to the talk page For more guidance see Wikipedia Translation The Cordoba offensive was a failed Republican offensive against the Nationalist held city of Cordoba It took place from 19 to 22 August 1936 during the Spanish Civil War Cordoba offensivePart of the Spanish Civil WarDate19 22 August 1936LocationNear Cordoba SpainResultNationalist victoryBelligerentsSpanish RepublicNationalist rebelsCommanders and leadersGen Jose MiajaLt Col Juan Bernal SeguraCol Joaquin Perez SalasAlejandro PerisCol Ciriaco Cascajo Col Jose Enrique VarelaStrength3 000 menUnknown number of bombers2 000 men3 Sa 81 bombers1 DC 2 bomberCasualties and losses Contents 1 Background 2 The offensive 3 Aftermath 4 See also 5 References 6 BibliographyBackground editOn 18 July the military governor of Cordoba Ciriaco Cascajo started the coup in the city bombing the civil government and arresting the civil governor Rodriguez de Leon 1 After that he and the civil guard officer Bruno Ibanez Don Bruno carried out a bloody repression in the first weeks 2 000 persons were executed 2 3 4 In the second week of August the Nationalist troops were reinforced by 400 regulares who led by Colonel Varela after the capture of Huelva launched an attack eastwards from Seville in order to relieve the besieged nationalist held city of Granada After a corridor to the city was established Varela prepared to attack Malaga At that point the Republican Army launched an attack in order to recover Cordoba 5 The offensive editThe Republican force led by General Miaja was composed of 3 000 men mainly regular troops civil guards militiamen from Madrid and local volunteers Opposing them the Nationalists had the small force of the Nationalist commander in Cordoba Colonel Cascajo and the column of Colonel Varela The Nationalists also had one DC 2 and several Sa 81 bombers 6 The advance of Miaja s force had started on 5 August but its advance was very slow and only occupied small towns like Adamuz and Pozoblanco 7 The Republican attack against Cordoba itself started on 20 August The Republican troops reached the gates of Cordoba 5 km from the city but they were beaten back and the attack failed on 22 August According to Thomas the offensive failed because of the skillful use of the Italian Savoia bombers and because Cascajo threatened to execute the family of Miaja who were in Cordoba 8 According to Beevor the attack failed because of the incompetence of Miaja and the Republican professional officers 5 Furthermore many of Miaja s officers were in fact Nationalist supporters Miaja s adjutant was hoping to cross the lines and on 23 August one captain Antonio Reparaz deserted with 200 civil guards 9 Aftermath editNationalist repression in the towns briefly occupied by the Republicans was very harsh In the town of Palma del Rio a local landowner killed 300 supporters of the Republic 10 the Republicans had killed 42 supporters of the Nationalists there 11 After a nationalist counter offensive in September the Cordoba front was stabilised 5 See also editList of Spanish Republican military equipment of the Spanish Civil War List of Spanish Nationalist military equipment of the Spanish Civil WarReferences edit Thomas 2001 p 212 Thomas 2001 p 252 Thomas 2001 p 253 Thomas 2001 p 254 a b c Beevor 2001 p 118 Moreno Gomez 2008 p 483 Moreno Gomez 2008 p 436 470 Thomas 2001 p 367 Moreno Gomez 2008 p 494 Thomas 2001 p 368 Moreno Gomez 2008 p 583 Bibliography editBeevor Antony 2001 The Battle for Spain The Spanish Civil War 1936 1939 London Penguin Books p 526 ISBN 9780143037651 Moreno Gomez Francisco 2008 1936 el genocidio franquista en Cordoba in Spanish Barcelona Grupo Planeta GBS p 1003 ISBN 9788474236866 Thomas Hugh 2001 The Spanish Civil War London Modern Library pp 1096 ISBN 9780375755156 37 53 5 N 4 46 44 W 37 88472 N 4 77889 W 37 88472 4 77889 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Cordoba offensive amp oldid 1154264344, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
