plus many more names at the level of subspecies, variety, or form
Cupressus lusitanica var. lusitanica foliage and cones
Cupressus lusitanica section
The scientific name lusitanica (of Portugal) refers to its very early cultivation there, with plants imported from Mexico to the monastery at Buçaco, near Coimbra in Portugal in about 1634; these trees were already over 130 years old when the species was botanically described by Miller in 1768.
In Mexico, the tree is also known as cedro blanco (white cedar) or teotlate.
Cupressus lusitanica is an evergreenconifer tree with a conic to ovoid-conic crown, growing to 40 m tall. The foliage grows in dense sprays, dark green to somewhat yellow-green in colour. The leaves are scale-like, 2–5 mm long, and produced on rounded (not flattened) shoots. The seed cones are globose to oblong, 10–20 mm long, with four to 10 scales, green at first, maturing brown or grey-brown about 25 months after pollination.
The cones may either open at maturity to release the seeds, or remain closed for several years, only opening after the parent tree is killed in a wildfire, allowing the seeds to colonise the bare ground exposed by the fire. The male cones are 3–4 mm long, and release pollen in late Winter / Early Spring (February–March in the northern hemisphere). In most of its natural environment the rainfall occurs with more quantity in summer.
VarietiesEdit
There are two varieties, treated as distinct species by some botanists:
Cupressus lusitanica var. lusitanica (syn. C. lindleyi) - Mexican cypress - Foliage in three-dimensional sprays, with small shoots in two planes. Occurs in lower rainfall areas. (Least concern species)
Cupressus lusitanica var. benthamii (syn. C. benthamii) - Bentham's cypress - Foliage in flattened sprays, with small shoots all in one plane. Occurs in higher rainfall areas. (Near Threatened species)
Cultivation and usesEdit
Fast-growing and drought tolerant, but only slightly frost tolerant, Cupressus lusitanica has been introduced from Mexico's provenances to different parts of the world. It is widely cultivated, both as an ornamental tree and for timber production, in warm, temperate and subtropical regions around the world. Trees have not been selected for cultivation from northern Mexico populations, which have a heavy drought endurance.[3]
LocationsEdit
Its cultivation and subsequent naturalisation in parts of southern Asia has caused a degree of confusion with native Cupressus species in that region; plants sold by nurseries under the names of Asian species such as Cupressus torulosa often prove to be this species. It has been planted widely for commercial production: at high altitudes in Colombia (3300 m), Bolivia, Ethiopia and South Africa, and near sea level throughout New Zealand. In Colombia trees are planted to form windbreak hedges and for preventing soil erosion on slopes. It has been planted by Tanzanian mountain farmers for soil preserving and commercial use since 1990s.[4]
It is being planted in the Argentine province of San Luis,[5]Argentina at 1500 m above sea level with forestation purposes for creating artificial forests in a land originally lacking of them in a very similar climate to that of its origin site.
^Farjon, A. (2013). "Cupressus lusitanica". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2013: e.T42221A2962663. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2013-1.RLTS.T42221A2962663.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
^Felger, Richard S.; Johnson, Matthew B.; Wilson, Michael F. (2001). The trees of Sonora, Mexico. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN0-19-512891-5.
^UEDA Gen, The Regional System of the Mountain People: Place, Household, and the Communal in Rural Tanzania (Japanese language), Tohoku University Press, 2011, Sendai, Japan, pp.348 - 351. (上田元『山の民の地域システム タンザニア農村の場所・世帯・共同性』、東北大学出版会、2011年)
^"Mexican conifers in San Luis Province, Argentina".
Farjon, Aljos (2005). A monograph of Cupressaceae and Sciadopitys. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. ISBN978-1842460689.
Rzedowski, J. (1978). Vegetación de México. Distrito Federal, Mexico. ISBN978-9681800024.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
Dvorak, W. S.; Hodge, G. R.; Gutiérrez, E. A.; Osorio, L. F.; Malan, F. S.; Stanger., T. K. (2000). Conservation and Testing of Tropical and Subtropical Forest Species by the CAMCORE Cooperative. Raleigh: College of Natural Resources, North Carolina State University. ISBN978-0620264600.
Martínez, Maximinio (1979). Catálogo de nombres vulgares y científicos de plantas mexicanas. Fondo de Cultura Económica. ISBN978-9681600112.
Richardson, D.M., ed. (1998). Ecology and biogeography of Pinus. Cambridge University Press. ISBN978-0521789103.
Chandler, N.G. (1957). "Pulpwood plantations in South Africa". Australian Forestry. 21 (1): 48–54. doi:10.1080/00049158.1957.10675339.
Gutiérrez, Millán; Ladrach, W. (1980). Resultados a tres años de la siembra directa de semillas de Cupressus lusitanica y Pinus patula en finca Los Guaduales Departamento del Cauca. Informe de Investigación 60. Cali, Colombia: Cartón de Colombia S.A.
External linksEdit
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Cupressus lusitanica.
Gymnosperm Database: Cupressus lusitanica
October 20, 2023
cupressus, lusitanica, mexican, cedar, cedar, species, cypress, native, mexico, central, america, guatemala, salvador, honduras, also, been, introduced, belize, costa, rica, nicaragua, growing, metres, altitude, mature, conservation, statusleast, concern, iucn. Cupressus lusitanica the Mexican cedar or cedar of Goa is a species of cypress native to Mexico and Central America Guatemala El Salvador and Honduras It has also been introduced to Belize Costa Rica and Nicaragua growing at 1 200 3 000 metres 3 900 9 800 ft altitude Cupressus lusitanicaA mature Cupressus lusitanicaConservation statusLeast Concern IUCN 3 1 1 Scientific classificationKingdom PlantaeClade TracheophytesClade GymnospermsDivision PinophytaClass PinopsidaOrder CupressalesFamily CupressaceaeGenus CupressusSpecies C lusitanicaBinomial nameCupressus lusitanicaMill Synonyms 2 Synonymy Callitropsis lusitanica Mill D P LittleCupressus coulteri J ForbesCupressus excelsa J Scott ex CarriereCupressus glauca Lam Cupressus karwinskiana RegelCupressus lindleyi Klotzsch ex Endl Cupressus mexicana K KochCupressus pendula L Her 1785 not Thunb 1784Cupressus sinensis J Lee ex Gord Cupressus thurifera Lindl Cupressus uhdeana Gordon ex CarriereHesperocyparis lindleyi Klotzsch ex Endl SilbaHesperocyparis lusitanica Mill BartelJuniperus uhdeana GordonNeocupressus lusitanica Mill de Laub Callitropsis benthamii Endl D P LittleCupressus benthamii Endl Cupressus ehrenbergii KunzeCupressus knightiana Perry ex GordonHesperocyparis benthamii Endl Bartelplus many more names at the level of subspecies variety or formCupressus lusitanica var lusitanica foliage and conesCupressus lusitanica sectionThe scientific name lusitanica of Portugal refers to its very early cultivation there with plants imported from Mexico to the monastery at Bucaco near Coimbra in Portugal in about 1634 these trees were already over 130 years old when the species was botanically described by Miller in 1768 In Mexico the tree is also known as cedro blanco white cedar or teotlate Contents 1 Description 1 1 Varieties 2 Cultivation and uses 2 1 Locations 3 See also 4 References 5 External linksDescription EditCupressus lusitanica is an evergreen conifer tree with a conic to ovoid conic crown growing to 40 m tall The foliage grows in dense sprays dark green to somewhat yellow green in colour The leaves are scale like 2 5 mm long and produced on rounded not flattened shoots The seed cones are globose to oblong 10 20 mm long with four to 10 scales green at first maturing brown or grey brown about 25 months after pollination The cones may either open at maturity to release the seeds or remain closed for several years only opening after the parent tree is killed in a wildfire allowing the seeds to colonise the bare ground exposed by the fire The male cones are 3 4 mm long and release pollen in late Winter Early Spring February March in the northern hemisphere In most of its natural environment the rainfall occurs with more quantity in summer Varieties Edit There are two varieties treated as distinct species by some botanists Cupressus lusitanica var lusitanica syn C lindleyi Mexican cypress Foliage in three dimensional sprays with small shoots in two planes Occurs in lower rainfall areas Least concern species Cupressus lusitanica var benthamii syn C benthamii Bentham s cypress Foliage in flattened sprays with small shoots all in one plane Occurs in higher rainfall areas Near Threatened species Cultivation and uses EditFast growing and drought tolerant but only slightly frost tolerant Cupressus lusitanica has been introduced from Mexico s provenances to different parts of the world It is widely cultivated both as an ornamental tree and for timber production in warm temperate and subtropical regions around the world Trees have not been selected for cultivation from northern Mexico populations which have a heavy drought endurance 3 Locations Edit Its cultivation and subsequent naturalisation in parts of southern Asia has caused a degree of confusion with native Cupressus species in that region plants sold by nurseries under the names of Asian species such as Cupressus torulosa often prove to be this species It has been planted widely for commercial production at high altitudes in Colombia 3300 m Bolivia Ethiopia and South Africa and near sea level throughout New Zealand In Colombia trees are planted to form windbreak hedges and for preventing soil erosion on slopes It has been planted by Tanzanian mountain farmers for soil preserving and commercial use since 1990s 4 It has been planted as an ornamental tree near sea level in temperate climates and has done very well in Portugal Buenos Aires Province in Argentina Austin Texas and the British Isles where it can reach a height of 30 m 90 feet It is being planted in the Argentine province of San Luis 5 Argentina at 1500 m above sea level with forestation purposes for creating artificial forests in a land originally lacking of them in a very similar climate to that of its origin site See also EditCedar woodReferences Edit Farjon A 2013 Cupressus lusitanica IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2013 e T42221A2962663 doi 10 2305 IUCN UK 2013 1 RLTS T42221A2962663 en Retrieved 12 November 2021 Cupressus lusitanica Mill World Checklist of Selected Plant Families Royal Botanic Gardens Kew via The Plant List Note that this website has been superseded by World Flora Online Felger Richard S Johnson Matthew B Wilson Michael F 2001 The trees of Sonora Mexico New York Oxford University Press ISBN 0 19 512891 5 UEDA Gen The Regional System of the Mountain People Place Household and the Communal in Rural Tanzania Japanese language Tohoku University Press 2011 Sendai Japan pp 348 351 上田元 山の民の地域システム タンザニア農村の場所 世帯 共同性 東北大学出版会 2011年 Mexican conifers in San Luis Province Argentina Farjon Aljos 2005 A monograph of Cupressaceae andSciadopitys Royal Botanic Gardens Kew ISBN 978 1842460689 Rzedowski J 1978 Vegetacion de Mexico Distrito Federal Mexico ISBN 978 9681800024 a href Template Cite book html title Template Cite book cite book a CS1 maint location missing publisher link Dvorak W S Hodge G R Gutierrez E A Osorio L F Malan F S Stanger T K 2000 Conservation and Testing of Tropical and Subtropical Forest Species by the CAMCORE Cooperative Raleigh College of Natural Resources North Carolina State University ISBN 978 0620264600 Martinez Maximinio 1979 Catalogo de nombres vulgares y cientificos de plantas mexicanas Fondo de Cultura Economica ISBN 978 9681600112 Richardson D M ed 1998 Ecology and biogeography ofPinus Cambridge University Press ISBN 978 0521789103 Chandler N G 1957 Pulpwood plantations in South Africa Australian Forestry 21 1 48 54 doi 10 1080 00049158 1957 10675339 Gutierrez Millan Ladrach W 1980 Resultados a tres anos de la siembra directa de semillas deCupressus lusitanicayPinus patulaen finca Los Guaduales Departamento del Cauca Informe de Investigacion 60 Cali Colombia Carton de Colombia S A External links Edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Cupressus lusitanica Gymnosperm Database Cupressus lusitanica Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Cupressus lusitanica amp oldid 1180311458, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
