The Cuban pygmy owl has three subspecies, the nominate Glaucidium siju siju, G. s. turquinense, and G. s. vittatum.[3]
Descriptionedit
The Cuban pygmy owl is 16 to 17 cm (6.3 to 6.7 in) long. Males weigh 47 to 68 g (1.7 to 2.4 oz) and females 66 to 102 g (2.3 to 3.6 oz). It has two color morphs, gray-brown and rufous; the former is more common. Both morphs have a pale grayish face, whitish to cinnamon "brows" over yellow eyes, and a pair of dark "false eyes" on the nape. The nominate gray-brown morph's crown, sides of the head, and back are grayish brown with white spots; the shoulders have diffuse dark barring. The tail is also grayish brown, with white bars. The throat is brown, the sides of the breast and flanks brown with darker bars, the center of the breast white, and the rest of the underparts off-white with dark brown streaks and spots. The rufous morph replaces the gray-brown with cinnamon. G. s. turquinense is much darker and has fewer spots on the upperparts. G. s. vittatum is larger than the nominate and the barring on the shoulders is more defined.[4]
Distribution and habitatedit
The Cuban pygmy owl is the most common and most frequently observed owl in the country. The nominate subspecies is found throughout the main island of Cuba except on its highest mountain, Pico Turquino. Subspecies G. s. turquinense is found only on that mountain and G. s. vittatum on the Isla de la Juventud (Isle of Pines) and possibly the Guanahacabibes Peninsula. The species inhabits the interiors and edges of coastal, deciduous, and montane forest, both primary and secondary. It is also found in areas such as pastures with scattered trees, cultivated fields, plantations, and large city parks. In elevation it ranges from sea level to 1,500 m (4,900 ft).[4]
Behavioredit
Feedingedit
The Cuban pygmy owl is active in both daytime and the night. It hunts from a perch; though its diet has not been studied in detail, it appears to feed mostly on insects and small reptiles, and also takes small mammals, birds, and frogs.[4]
Breedingedit
The Cuban pygmy owl nests in the dry season of November to April. It lays a clutch of three or four eggs in a tree cavity, either natural or one previously used by a woodpecker. The female incubates the eggs.[4]
Vocalizationedit
Songs and calls
Listen to Cuban pygmy owl on xeno-canto
The Cuban pygmy owl has two known vocalizations. The male sings "a series of more or less equally spaced notes similar to the song of the mountain pygmy owl (Glaucidium gnoma)". Both sexes make an apparent alarm call, "a rapid and accelerating series of rather higher-pitched, squeaky-sounding notes".[4]
Statusedit
The IUCN has assessed the Cuban pygmy owl as being of Least Concern.[1] Though its population has not been quantified, it is considered fairly common to common. It is "[a]dversely affected by destruction of small patches of woodland".[4]
^ abGill, F.; Donsker, D.; Rasmussen, P. (July 2021). "IOC World Bird List (v 11.2)". Retrieved July 14, 2021.
^ abcdefHolt, D. W., R. Berkley, C. Deppe, P. L. Enríquez, J. L. Petersen, J. L. Rangel Salazar, K. P. Segars, K. L. Wood, G. M. Kirwan, and J. S. Marks (2020). Cuban Pygmy-Owl (Glaucidium siju), version 1.0. In Birds of the World (J. del Hoyo, A. Elliott, J. Sargatal, D. A. Christie, and E. de Juana, Editors). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.cupowl1.01 retrieved September 6, 2021
December 15, 2023
cuban, pygmy, glaucidium, siju, species, family, strigidae, that, endemic, cuba, siju, zapata, national, park, cubaconservation, statusleast, concern, iucn, cites, appendix, cites, scientific, classificationdomain, eukaryotakingdom, animaliaphylum, chordatacla. The Cuban pygmy owl Glaucidium siju is a species of owl in the family Strigidae that is endemic to Cuba 3 Cuban pygmy owlG s siju Zapata National Park CubaConservation statusLeast Concern IUCN 3 1 1 CITES Appendix II CITES 2 Scientific classificationDomain EukaryotaKingdom AnimaliaPhylum ChordataClass AvesOrder StrigiformesFamily StrigidaeGenus GlaucidiumSpecies G sijuBinomial nameGlaucidium siju D Orbigny 1839 Distribution of Cuban pygmy owl Resident Contents 1 Taxonomy and systematics 2 Description 3 Distribution and habitat 4 Behavior 4 1 Feeding 4 2 Breeding 4 3 Vocalization 5 Status 6 ReferencesTaxonomy and systematics editThe Cuban pygmy owl has three subspecies the nominate Glaucidium siju siju G s turquinense and G s vittatum 3 Description editThe Cuban pygmy owl is 16 to 17 cm 6 3 to 6 7 in long Males weigh 47 to 68 g 1 7 to 2 4 oz and females 66 to 102 g 2 3 to 3 6 oz It has two color morphs gray brown and rufous the former is more common Both morphs have a pale grayish face whitish to cinnamon brows over yellow eyes and a pair of dark false eyes on the nape The nominate gray brown morph s crown sides of the head and back are grayish brown with white spots the shoulders have diffuse dark barring The tail is also grayish brown with white bars The throat is brown the sides of the breast and flanks brown with darker bars the center of the breast white and the rest of the underparts off white with dark brown streaks and spots The rufous morph replaces the gray brown with cinnamon G s turquinense is much darker and has fewer spots on the upperparts G s vittatum is larger than the nominate and the barring on the shoulders is more defined 4 Distribution and habitat editThe Cuban pygmy owl is the most common and most frequently observed owl in the country The nominate subspecies is found throughout the main island of Cuba except on its highest mountain Pico Turquino Subspecies G s turquinense is found only on that mountain and G s vittatum on the Isla de la Juventud Isle of Pines and possibly the Guanahacabibes Peninsula The species inhabits the interiors and edges of coastal deciduous and montane forest both primary and secondary It is also found in areas such as pastures with scattered trees cultivated fields plantations and large city parks In elevation it ranges from sea level to 1 500 m 4 900 ft 4 Behavior editFeeding edit The Cuban pygmy owl is active in both daytime and the night It hunts from a perch though its diet has not been studied in detail it appears to feed mostly on insects and small reptiles and also takes small mammals birds and frogs 4 Breeding edit The Cuban pygmy owl nests in the dry season of November to April It lays a clutch of three or four eggs in a tree cavity either natural or one previously used by a woodpecker The female incubates the eggs 4 Vocalization edit nbsp Songs and callsListen to Cuban pygmy owl on xeno canto The Cuban pygmy owl has two known vocalizations The male sings a series of more or less equally spaced notes similar to the song of the mountain pygmy owl Glaucidium gnoma Both sexes make an apparent alarm call a rapid and accelerating series of rather higher pitched squeaky sounding notes 4 Status editThe IUCN has assessed the Cuban pygmy owl as being of Least Concern 1 Though its population has not been quantified it is considered fairly common to common It is a dversely affected by destruction of small patches of woodland 4 References edit a b BirdLife International 2016 Cuban Pygmy owl Glaucidium siju IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016 Retrieved 6 September 2021 Appendices CITES cites org Retrieved 2022 01 14 a b Gill F Donsker D Rasmussen P July 2021 IOC World Bird List v 11 2 Retrieved July 14 2021 a b c d e f Holt D W R Berkley C Deppe P L Enriquez J L Petersen J L Rangel Salazar K P Segars K L Wood G M Kirwan and J S Marks 2020 Cuban Pygmy Owl Glaucidium siju version 1 0 In Birds of the World J del Hoyo A Elliott J Sargatal D A Christie and E de Juana Editors Cornell Lab of Ornithology Ithaca NY USA https doi org 10 2173 bow cupowl1 01 retrieved September 6 2021 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Cuban pygmy owl amp oldid 1117156941, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
