Daily observations are reported electronically or over the phone, and monthly logs are submitted electronically or via the mail. Many stations are located in rural areas but the network also includes long-term stations in most urban centers. Observation locations include farms, in urban and suburban areas, National Parks, seashores, and mountaintops. Volunteers are trained by local NWS offices who provide rain gauges, snowsticks, thermometers, or other instruments. Data is initially received and analyzed by local NWS offices then ultimately stored and analyzed by NCEI, which also does final data quality checks.[2] The program began with act of Congress in 1890[1] and grew out a network of observers developed by the Smithsonian Institution.[3] It was a backbone of the U.S. climatological observation network and remains an important network in providing long-term observations of particular locations.
The Cooperative Weather Observer network consists of manual observations of only a few variables and consists of daily summaries rather than being continuous (i.e. real-time). Because of these limitations and other sensor limitations,[4][5] as well as to attain a denser network of observations, there has been a move to supplement the coop program using automated weather stations since the 1990s.[6] NWS sponsored programs include the Citizen Weather Observer Program (CWOP) and Community Collaborative Rain, Hail and Snow Network (CoCoRaHS). The coop network predates but grew to supplement significant surface weather observation sites typically located around major airports. Mesonets also supplement these major weather stations and may be official or unofficial, possess varying degrees of rigor, may be temporary or used for specific research project goals, and some (typically for temporary research projects) are even mobile.
^ ab"National Weather Service Cooperative Observer Program". Federal Crowdsourcing and Citizen Science Catalog. CitizenScience.gov. Retrieved 2018-07-08.
^"What is the Coop Program?". Cooperative Observer Program. National Weather Service. Retrieved 2018-07-08.
^National Weather Service Modernization Committee, Commission on Engineering and Technical Systems, National Research Council (1998). Future of the National Weather Service Cooperative Observer Network. Toward a New National Weather Service. Washington, D.C.: National Academies Press. ISBN978-0-309-06146-9.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
^Leeper, Ronald D.; J. Rennie; M. A. Palecki (2015). "Observational Perspectives from U.S. Climate Reference Network (USCRN) and Cooperative Observer Program (COOP) Network: Temperature and Precipitation Comparison". J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol. 32 (4): 703–721. doi:10.1175/JTECH-D-14-00172.1.
^Robinson, David A. (1990). "The United States Cooperative Climate-Observing Systems: Reflections and Recommendations". Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc. 71 (6): 826–831. doi:10.1175/1520-0477(1990)071<0826:TUSCCO>2.0.CO;2.
^Fiebrich, Christopher A. (2009). "History of surface weather observations in the United States". Earth-Science Reviews. 93 (3–4): 77–84. doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2009.01.001.
External linksedit
Wikimedia Commons has media related to National Weather Service Cooperative Weather Observer Program.
NWS National Cooperative Observer Program (NWS)
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December 15, 2023
cooperative, observer, program, noaa, coop, citizen, weather, observer, network, national, weather, service, national, centers, environmental, information, ncei, over, volunteers, from, fifty, states, territories, report, least, daily, variety, weather, condit. The NOAA Cooperative Observer Program COOP is a citizen weather observer network run by the U S National Weather Service NWS and National Centers for Environmental Information NCEI Over 8 700 volunteers from the fifty states and all territories report at least daily a variety of weather conditions such as daily maximum and minimum temperatures 24 hour precipitation totals including snowfall and significant weather occurrences throughout a day that are recorded via remarks in observer logs Some stations also report stream stage or tidal levels Cooperative Observer ProgramAbbreviationCOOPFormation1890PurposeClimatological data gathering recording and analysisRegionUnited StatesMethodsWeather observationFieldsMeteorology climatology hydrologyVolunteers8000 1 Websitewww wbr weather wbr gov wbr coop wbr A Cooperative Observer weather station near Elko Nevada featuring a rain gauge thermometer and snowboard Daily observations are reported electronically or over the phone and monthly logs are submitted electronically or via the mail Many stations are located in rural areas but the network also includes long term stations in most urban centers Observation locations include farms in urban and suburban areas National Parks seashores and mountaintops Volunteers are trained by local NWS offices who provide rain gauges snowsticks thermometers or other instruments Data is initially received and analyzed by local NWS offices then ultimately stored and analyzed by NCEI which also does final data quality checks 2 The program began with act of Congress in 1890 1 and grew out a network of observers developed by the Smithsonian Institution 3 It was a backbone of the U S climatological observation network and remains an important network in providing long term observations of particular locations The Cooperative Weather Observer network consists of manual observations of only a few variables and consists of daily summaries rather than being continuous i e real time Because of these limitations and other sensor limitations 4 5 as well as to attain a denser network of observations there has been a move to supplement the coop program using automated weather stations since the 1990s 6 NWS sponsored programs include the Citizen Weather Observer Program CWOP and Community Collaborative Rain Hail and Snow Network CoCoRaHS The coop network predates but grew to supplement significant surface weather observation sites typically located around major airports Mesonets also supplement these major weather stations and may be official or unofficial possess varying degrees of rigor may be temporary or used for specific research project goals and some typically for temporary research projects are even mobile See also editSignificant Weather Observing Program SWOP Skywarn Spotter Network Safecast organization Snow gaugeReferences edit a b National Weather Service Cooperative Observer Program Federal Crowdsourcing and Citizen Science Catalog CitizenScience gov Retrieved 2018 07 08 What is the Coop Program Cooperative Observer Program National Weather Service Retrieved 2018 07 08 National Weather Service Modernization Committee Commission on Engineering and Technical Systems National Research Council 1998 Future of the National Weather Service Cooperative Observer Network Toward a New National Weather Service Washington D C National Academies Press ISBN 978 0 309 06146 9 a href Template Cite book html title Template Cite book cite book a CS1 maint multiple names authors list link Leeper Ronald D J Rennie M A Palecki 2015 Observational Perspectives from U S Climate Reference Network USCRN and Cooperative Observer Program COOP Network Temperature and Precipitation Comparison J Atmos Oceanic Technol 32 4 703 721 doi 10 1175 JTECH D 14 00172 1 Robinson David A 1990 The United States Cooperative Climate Observing Systems Reflections and Recommendations Bull Amer Meteor Soc 71 6 826 831 doi 10 1175 1520 0477 1990 071 lt 0826 TUSCCO gt 2 0 CO 2 Fiebrich Christopher A 2009 History of surface weather observations in the United States Earth Science Reviews 93 3 4 77 84 doi 10 1016 j earscirev 2009 01 001 External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to National Weather Service Cooperative Weather Observer Program NWS National Cooperative Observer Program NWS Cooperative Observer Network NCEI Cooperative Observer s Network Observation Forms Climate gov Cooperative Observer Program COOP Training Materials NWS Chief Learning Office Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Cooperative Observer Program amp oldid 1069037601, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
