The coffee production in Mexico is the world's 8th largest with 252,000 tonnes produced in 2009,[1] and is mainly concentrated to the south central to southern regions of the country. The coffee is mainly arabica, which grows particularly well in the coastal region of Soconusco, Chiapas, near the border of Guatemala.[2]
Coffee growing regions areas of Mexico.
States producing Coffea arabica with commercial processing
States producing Coffea arabica without commercial processing
At the end of the 18th century, coffee came to Mexico from the Antilles, but was not exported in great quantities until the 1870s.[3] During the 1980s, coffee became the country's most valuable export crop.[2] Today Mexico is the largest source of U.S. coffee imports. Notable beans include Altura, Liquidambar MS and Pluma Coixtepec.[3]
At the end of the 18th century, coffee was first introduced into Veracruz, a state in Mexico.[4] In 1954, when the price of coffee peaked as it emerged in the international market, production was moved to Mexico, where it cost significantly less.[5] Since coffee has been introduced into Chiapas at the end of the 19th century, it has become the major region of coffee cultivation in Mexico.[5] During the early 1980s, coffee plantations in Mexico spread rapidly over 12 states.[5]
In 1982, the total amount of land in Mexico used for coffee production was 497,456 hectares.[5] In addition, during the 1970s and 1980s, coffee production played a significant role in the national economy and became a major source of income for more than two million people in Mexico. Coffee plantations contributed to Mexican export trade with a great amount of foreign currency. At the same time, the commercialized coffee industry offered many employment opportunities in Mexico.[5]
Instituto Mexicano del Cafe (INMECAFE)
The Mexican Coffee Institute (Instituto Mexicano del Cafe) ——INMECAFE, was a government regulated agency, responsible for providing technical assistance, administrating the Mexican export quotas of coffee, and keeping coffee price high and stable in the market.[5] Because of the INMECAFE efforts to integrate new land into coffee cultivation,[5] coffee productivity rapidly increased. As the result, the three main states, Chiapas, Veracruz and Oaxaca, contributed 73% of the total amount of agriculture land for coffee production.[5]
Between 1970 and 1982, the Mexican agriculture land devoted to coffee production increased by 141,203 hectares and national coffee production has grown approximately 6,000 tons of green coffee per year.[5] In addition, INMECAFE encouraged the use of agrochemical technologies and the organization provided technical assistance to farmers to achieve higher productivity.[4][5] Respectively, 50% of coffee cultivation in Chiapas, 22% in Veracruz, and 22% in Oaxaca has accepted the technical assistance from INMECAFE.[5] INMECAFE's technical assistance covered approximately 28% of coffee production regions in Mexico in 1982.[5]
In 1989 INMECAFE disintegrated after president Carlos Salinas de Gortari declared that the Mexican government would give up control of its coffee market while they respond to the World Bank and other international financial institutions’ construction adjustments.[4] This policy change left farmers without protection from the highly voilatable international coffee price and had devastating effects especially for small-scale producers.
Coffee crisis
The International Coffee Agreement (ICA), created in 1962, was a protocol for maintaining coffee export countries’ quotas and keeping coffee prices high and stable in the market.[5] However, ICA was dismantled in 1989, and as a result of the deficiency in management, coffee has been overproduced while coffee prices continuously fell, and a coffee crisis emerged in Mexico.[4][5] The coffee crisis intensified between 1999 and 2003 and generated huge social and economic problems in Mexico.[6] Between 1989 and 1995, the coffee production declined by 6.6% in Mexico,[4] the Coordination of Coffee Grower Organizations predicted that coffee producers would have lost 65% of their income since the crisis happened.[4]
As a consequence of having lower income, 71% of coffee producers in Mexico ceased to use fertilizers, 40% of them reduced the maintenance to weeding, and 75% of them stopped investing in pest prevention.[4] As a result of the poor maintenance on coffee plantations, the quality of coffee declined and coffee production decreased. By the end of 2005, Mexico saw its lowest exported shipment of coffee in the past three decades, totaling 1.7 million bags. During 2006, coffee export in Mexico has grown to 4.2 million bags, but it was still low, compared to 5 years earlier.[4]
^ abcdefghRenard, Marie-Christine (11 May 2010). "The Mexican Coffee Crisis". Latin American Perspectives. 37 (2): 21–33. doi:10.1177/0094582X09356956.
^ abcdefghijklmnNestel, David (November 1995). "Coffee in Mexico: international market, agricultural landscape and ecology". Ecological Economics. 15 (2): 165–178. doi:10.1016/0921-8009(95)00041-0.
^Méndez, V. Ernesto; Bacon, Christopher M.; Olson, Meryl; Petchers, Seth; Herrador, Doribel; Carranza, Cecilia; Trujillo, Laura; Guadarrama-Zugasti, Carlos; Cordón, Antonio; Mendoza, Angel (4 June 2010). "Effects of Fair Trade and organic certifications on small-scale coffee farmer households in Central America and Mexico". Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems. 25 (3): 236–251. doi:10.1017/S1742170510000268.
External links
Mexican biggest wholesale coffee supplier.
April 21, 2023
coffee, production, mexico, coffee, production, mexico, world, largest, with, tonnes, produced, 2009, mainly, concentrated, south, central, southern, regions, country, coffee, mainly, arabica, which, grows, particularly, well, coastal, region, soconusco, chiap. The coffee production in Mexico is the world s 8th largest with 252 000 tonnes produced in 2009 1 and is mainly concentrated to the south central to southern regions of the country The coffee is mainly arabica which grows particularly well in the coastal region of Soconusco Chiapas near the border of Guatemala 2 Coffee growing regions areas of Mexico States producing Coffea arabica with commercial processing States producing Coffea arabica without commercial processing At the end of the 18th century coffee came to Mexico from the Antilles but was not exported in great quantities until the 1870s 3 During the 1980s coffee became the country s most valuable export crop 2 Today Mexico is the largest source of U S coffee imports Notable beans include Altura Liquidambar MS and Pluma Coixtepec 3 Contents 1 History 2 Instituto Mexicano del Cafe INMECAFE 3 Coffee crisis 4 See also 5 References 6 External linksHistory Edit Organic coffee from Chiapas At the end of the 18th century coffee was first introduced into Veracruz a state in Mexico 4 In 1954 when the price of coffee peaked as it emerged in the international market production was moved to Mexico where it cost significantly less 5 Since coffee has been introduced into Chiapas at the end of the 19th century it has become the major region of coffee cultivation in Mexico 5 During the early 1980s coffee plantations in Mexico spread rapidly over 12 states 5 In 1982 the total amount of land in Mexico used for coffee production was 497 456 hectares 5 In addition during the 1970s and 1980s coffee production played a significant role in the national economy and became a major source of income for more than two million people in Mexico Coffee plantations contributed to Mexican export trade with a great amount of foreign currency At the same time the commercialized coffee industry offered many employment opportunities in Mexico 5 Instituto Mexicano del Cafe INMECAFE EditThe Mexican Coffee Institute Instituto Mexicano del Cafe INMECAFE was a government regulated agency responsible for providing technical assistance administrating the Mexican export quotas of coffee and keeping coffee price high and stable in the market 5 Because of the INMECAFE efforts to integrate new land into coffee cultivation 5 coffee productivity rapidly increased As the result the three main states Chiapas Veracruz and Oaxaca contributed 73 of the total amount of agriculture land for coffee production 5 Between 1970 and 1982 the Mexican agriculture land devoted to coffee production increased by 141 203 hectares and national coffee production has grown approximately 6 000 tons of green coffee per year 5 In addition INMECAFE encouraged the use of agrochemical technologies and the organization provided technical assistance to farmers to achieve higher productivity 4 5 Respectively 50 of coffee cultivation in Chiapas 22 in Veracruz and 22 in Oaxaca has accepted the technical assistance from INMECAFE 5 INMECAFE s technical assistance covered approximately 28 of coffee production regions in Mexico in 1982 5 In 1989 INMECAFE disintegrated after president Carlos Salinas de Gortari declared that the Mexican government would give up control of its coffee market while they respond to the World Bank and other international financial institutions construction adjustments 4 This policy change left farmers without protection from the highly voilatable international coffee price and had devastating effects especially for small scale producers Coffee crisis EditThe International Coffee Agreement ICA created in 1962 was a protocol for maintaining coffee export countries quotas and keeping coffee prices high and stable in the market 5 However ICA was dismantled in 1989 and as a result of the deficiency in management coffee has been overproduced while coffee prices continuously fell and a coffee crisis emerged in Mexico 4 5 The coffee crisis intensified between 1999 and 2003 and generated huge social and economic problems in Mexico 6 Between 1989 and 1995 the coffee production declined by 6 6 in Mexico 4 the Coordination of Coffee Grower Organizations predicted that coffee producers would have lost 65 of their income since the crisis happened 4 As a consequence of having lower income 71 of coffee producers in Mexico ceased to use fertilizers 40 of them reduced the maintenance to weeding and 75 of them stopped investing in pest prevention 4 As a result of the poor maintenance on coffee plantations the quality of coffee declined and coffee production decreased By the end of 2005 Mexico saw its lowest exported shipment of coffee in the past three decades totaling 1 7 million bags During 2006 coffee export in Mexico has grown to 4 2 million bags but it was still low compared to 5 years earlier 4 See also Edit Coffee portal Mexico portalAgriculture in Mexico Union of Indigenous Communities of the Isthmus Region Zapatista coffee cooperatives List of countries by coffee productionReferences Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to Coffee in Mexico Food and Agricultural commodities production Food and Agriculture Organization Retrieved 27 November 2011 a b Mexico Other crops a b Major coffee producers National Geographic Society Retrieved 2010 05 07 a b c d e f g h Renard Marie Christine 11 May 2010 The Mexican Coffee Crisis Latin American Perspectives 37 2 21 33 doi 10 1177 0094582X09356956 a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Nestel David November 1995 Coffee in Mexico international market agricultural landscape and ecology Ecological Economics 15 2 165 178 doi 10 1016 0921 8009 95 00041 0 Mendez V Ernesto Bacon Christopher M Olson Meryl Petchers Seth Herrador Doribel Carranza Cecilia Trujillo Laura Guadarrama Zugasti Carlos Cordon Antonio Mendoza Angel 4 June 2010 Effects of Fair Trade and organic certifications on small scale coffee farmer households in Central America and Mexico Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems 25 3 236 251 doi 10 1017 S1742170510000268 External links EditMexican biggest wholesale coffee supplier Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Coffee production in Mexico amp oldid 1150080414, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
