The first spacecraft to fly a circumlunar trajectory was Luna 3. Circumlunar trajectories were also used by Apollo missions prior to lunar orbit insertion,[1] to provide a free return to Earth in the event of a propulsion system malfunction on the way to the Moon. This was used on Apollo 13, when an oxygen tank rupture necessitated return to Earth without firing the Service Module engine, although a number of course corrections using the Lunar Moduledescent engine were used to refine the trajectory.[2]
A number of proposed, but not flown, crewed missions have been planned to intentionally conduct circumlunar flybys, including the Soviet Soyuz 7K-L1 or Zond programme, and several US proposals, including Gemini-Centaur and an early Apollo proposal.[3]
The latest circumlunar mission was 2022 NASA Artemis 1.
Planned
The dearMoon project is planned as a 2023 circumlunar flight using the SpaceX Starship to carry approximately 10 tourists on a multiday flight to the Moon and back.[4]
^"The launch and mission trajectory". Apollo 13 Mission Report. Spaceflight Now. from the original on 2009-05-08. Retrieved 2009-06-30.
^Turnhill, Reginald. "Apollo 13 on Free Return Trajectory". Spaceflight Now. from the original on 2011-06-07. Retrieved 2009-06-30.
^Wade, Mark. . Encyclopedia Astronautica. Archived from the original on 2015-02-18. Retrieved 2015-02-11.
^How SpaceX's 1st Passenger Flight Around the Moon with Yusaku Maezawa Will Work 2020-02-01 at the Wayback Machine. Tariq Malik, Space.com, 18 September 2018, accessed 25 August 2019.
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circumlunar, trajectory, orbital, mechanics, circumlunar, trajectory, trans, lunar, trajectory, lunar, free, return, type, free, return, trajectory, which, takes, spacecraft, from, earth, around, side, moon, back, earth, using, only, gravity, once, initial, tr. In orbital mechanics a circumlunar trajectory trans lunar trajectory or lunar free return is a type of free return trajectory which takes a spacecraft from Earth around the far side of the Moon and back to Earth using only gravity once the initial trajectory is set The trajectory followed by Apollo 13 Sketch of a circumlunar free return trajectory not to scale Contents 1 History 2 Planned 3 See also 4 ReferencesHistory EditThe first spacecraft to fly a circumlunar trajectory was Luna 3 Circumlunar trajectories were also used by Apollo missions prior to lunar orbit insertion 1 to provide a free return to Earth in the event of a propulsion system malfunction on the way to the Moon This was used on Apollo 13 when an oxygen tank rupture necessitated return to Earth without firing the Service Module engine although a number of course corrections using the Lunar Module descent engine were used to refine the trajectory 2 A number of proposed but not flown crewed missions have been planned to intentionally conduct circumlunar flybys including the Soviet Soyuz 7K L1 or Zond programme and several US proposals including Gemini Centaur and an early Apollo proposal 3 The latest circumlunar mission was 2022 NASA Artemis 1 Planned EditThe dearMoon project is planned as a 2023 circumlunar flight using the SpaceX Starship to carry approximately 10 tourists on a multiday flight to the Moon and back 4 See also EditFree return trajectory Trans lunar injectionReferences Edit The launch and mission trajectory Apollo 13 Mission Report Spaceflight Now Archived from the original on 2009 05 08 Retrieved 2009 06 30 Turnhill Reginald Apollo 13 on Free Return Trajectory Spaceflight Now Archived from the original on 2011 06 07 Retrieved 2009 06 30 Wade Mark Manned Circumlunar Encyclopedia Astronautica Archived from the original on 2015 02 18 Retrieved 2015 02 11 How SpaceX s 1st Passenger Flight Around the Moon with Yusaku Maezawa Will Work Archived 2020 02 01 at the Wayback Machine Tariq Malik Space com 18 September 2018 accessed 25 August 2019 This space or spaceflight related article is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Circumlunar trajectory amp oldid 1129351112, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
