Chthamalus (χθαμαλός, "flat" or "on the ground"[2]) is a genus of barnacles that is found along almost all non-boreal coasts of the northern hemisphere, as well as many regions in the southern hemisphere. These small barnacles have been studied in part because of the taxonomic confusion over a group of species that, by and large, are morphologically and ecologically quite similar. In recent years, molecular techniques have identified a number of cryptic species that have been subsequently confirmed by taxonomists using morphological measurements.[3] Most recently the genus has been shown to be paraphyletic, with the genus Microeuraphia nested within Chthamalus.[4]
Identification of barnacles in the field can be challenging, and identification of particular species of Chthamalus is not considered reliable in the field other than a few species. However, a notable distinction in the arrangement of wall plates can help biologists distinguish Chthamalid barnacles from the other common barnacles in the family Balanidae. In chthamalid barnacles, the side plates overlap both the rostrum and the carina (the plates at the ends of the opercular opening), while in balanids one end plate (the rostrum) overlaps the adjoining side plates (rostrolaterals).
Speciesedit
The following species are included in the genus Chthamalus:[1]
^David H. McNicoll, M.D. (1863). Dictionary of Natural History Terms with their derivations. L. Reeve & Company. p. 91. etymology chthamalus.
^John P. Wares (2020). "Small, flat, and gray: Cryptic diversity in chthamalid barnacles in the global context of marine coastal biogeography (Cirripedia: Balanomorpha: Chthamalidae)". Journal of Crustacean Biology. 40: 1–16. doi:10.1093/jcbiol/ruz086.
^John P. Wares; M. Sabrina Pankey; Fabio Pitombo; Liza Gómez Daglio; Yair Achituv (2009). Bruno, John F. (ed.). "A "shallow phylogeny" of shallow barnacles (Chthamalus)". PLoS One. 4 (5): e5567. Bibcode:2009PLoSO...4.5567W. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0005567. PMC2678261. PMID 19440543.
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chthamalus, χθαμαλός, flat, ground, genus, barnacles, that, found, along, almost, boreal, coasts, northern, hemisphere, well, many, regions, southern, hemisphere, these, small, barnacles, have, been, studied, part, because, taxonomic, confusion, over, group, s. Chthamalus x8amalos flat or on the ground 2 is a genus of barnacles that is found along almost all non boreal coasts of the northern hemisphere as well as many regions in the southern hemisphere These small barnacles have been studied in part because of the taxonomic confusion over a group of species that by and large are morphologically and ecologically quite similar In recent years molecular techniques have identified a number of cryptic species that have been subsequently confirmed by taxonomists using morphological measurements 3 Most recently the genus has been shown to be paraphyletic with the genus Microeuraphia nested within Chthamalus 4 Chthamalus A colony of Chthamalus stellatus Scientific classification Domain Eukaryota Kingdom Animalia Phylum Arthropoda Class Thecostraca Subclass Cirripedia Order Balanomorpha Family Chthamalidae Genus ChthamalusRanzani 1817 1 Field Identification editIdentification of barnacles in the field can be challenging and identification of particular species of Chthamalus is not considered reliable in the field other than a few species However a notable distinction in the arrangement of wall plates can help biologists distinguish Chthamalid barnacles from the other common barnacles in the family Balanidae In chthamalid barnacles the side plates overlap both the rostrum and the carina the plates at the ends of the opercular opening while in balanids one end plate the rostrum overlaps the adjoining side plates rostrolaterals Species editThe following species are included in the genus Chthamalus 1 Chthamalus angustitergum Pilsbry 1916 Chthamalus anisopoma Pilsbry 1916 Chthamalus antennatus Darwin 1854 Chthamalus barnesi Achituv amp Safriel 1980 Chthamalus bisinuatus Pilsbry 1916 Chthamalus challengeri Hoek 1883 Chthamalus dalli Pilsbry 1916 little brown barnacle Chthamalus dentatus Krauss 1848 tooth barnacle Chthamalus fissus Darwin 1854 Chthamalus fragilis Darwin 1854 fragile barnacle Chthamalus hedgecocki Pitombo amp Burton 2007 Chthamalus malayensis Pilsbry 1916 Chthamalus montagui Southward 1976 montagu s stellate barnacle Chthamalus moro Pilsbry 1916 Chthamalus newmani Chan 2016 Chthamalus panamensis Pilsbry 1916 Chthamalus proteus Dando amp Southward 1980 Atlantic barnacle Chthamalus sinensis Ren 1984 Chthamalus southwardi Poltarukha 2000 Chthamalus southwardorum Pitombo amp Burton 2007 Chthamalus stellatus Poli 1791 poli s stellate barnacle Chthamalus williamsi Chan amp Cheang 2015 Chthamalus graziani Carriol 2008 Chthamalus ligusticus de Alessandri 1895 Chthamalus nasus Carriol 2008 Chthamalus robustus Carriol 2008References edit a b Benny K K Chan 2021 Chthamalus Ranzani 1817 World Register of Marine Species Retrieved August 22 2021 David H McNicoll M D 1863 Dictionary of Natural History Terms with their derivations L Reeve amp Company p 91 etymology chthamalus John P Wares 2020 Small flat and gray Cryptic diversity in chthamalid barnacles in the global context of marine coastal biogeography Cirripedia Balanomorpha Chthamalidae Journal of Crustacean Biology 40 1 16 doi 10 1093 jcbiol ruz086 John P Wares M Sabrina Pankey Fabio Pitombo Liza Gomez Daglio Yair Achituv 2009 Bruno John F ed A shallow phylogeny of shallow barnacles Chthamalus PLoS One 4 5 e5567 Bibcode 2009PLoSO 4 5567W doi 10 1371 journal pone 0005567 PMC 2678261 PMID 19440543 nbsp This Maxillopoda related article is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Chthamalus amp oldid 1182014943, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
