The Chilean mussel[1] or Chilean blue mussel[2] is a species of blue mussel native to the coasts of Chile from Biobío Region (37 ºS) to Cape Horn (55 ºS). Today genomic evidence confirmed that the native Chilean blue mussel is genetically distinct from the Northern Hemisphere M. edulis, M. galloprovincialis and M. trossulus[3] and also genetically different from Mytilus platensis,[4]the other species of smooth shelled mussel from South America.
M. chilensis is under intensive aquaculture in Chile. From 2004 to 2008 the annual commercial harvest increased from 80,000 to 200,000 tonnes.[5] Following a decrease in 2009, the production was back at high level in 2010.[6] Over 45,000 tonnes of mussels were exported from Chile in 2008, 93% of them frozen. Some 74% of exports are to the EU, primarily Spain and France, and 15% to the United States.[5]
Systematicsedit
Alcide d'Orbigny first described the species Mytilus platensis d'Orbigny, 1842,[7]. Species that was for many year erroneously confused with Mytilus chilensis described by Hipolito Hupé in 1854.[8] Nowadays most biodiversity data bases, such as the World Register of Marine Species [9] or the Integrated Taxonomic Information System [10] recognise Mytilus chilensis as a valid taxon in the Mytilus genus and different from Mytilus platensis. Mytilus chilensis is part of the worldwide Mytilus edulis complex of mussels, or blue mussels. Modern genetic studies based on single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) have demonstrated that the Chilean mussel is genetically different of both the Mediterranean mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis) and the North Atlantic Mytilus edulis. Evidence collected until 2021 recognized several blue mussel species in South America, including native M. platensis, introduced M. galloprovincialis from the Mediterranean, and possibly-introduced M. planulatus.[11][12] Using nuclear DNA markers, Borsa et al. (2012) confirmed earlier results from allozymes[13] that most populations in the south of the South American continent indeed represent a native Southern Hemisphere lineage of the blue mussel, for which they suggested to use the subspecies name Mytilus edulis platensis[11] (now M. platensis). The same authors questioned the earlier identifications of the Montevideo mussel in Southern Chile as "M. galloprovincialis"[2] because the genetic markers then used could not help distinguishing M. galloprovincialis from any of the two native blue mussel species from the Southern Hemisphere,[11] now referred to as M. planulatus and M. platensis. Moreover, M. platensis populations in southern Chile show slight introgression from M. planulatus.
^ abToro, J.E.; Ojeda, J. A.; Vergara, A. M.; Castro, G. C.; Alcapan, A. C. (December 1, 2005). . Journal of Shellfish Research. 24 (4): 1117–1121. doi:10.2983/0730-8000(2005)24[1117:MCOTCB]2.0.CO;2. hdl:10533/175975. S2CID 86038602. Archived from the original on October 23, 2012. Retrieved 2009-01-22.
^Larraín, M. A., Zbawicka, M., Araneda C., Gardner J. P. A., and Wenne, R. (2018), "Native and invasive taxa on the Pacific coast of South America: Impacts on aquaculture, traceability and biodiversity of blue mussels (Mytilus spp.)", Evolutionary Applications, 11 (3): 298–311, doi:10.1111/eva.12553{{citation}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
^Zbawicka, M., Trucco M. I., and Wenne, R. (2018), "Single nucleotide polymorphisms in native South American Atlantic coast populations of smooth shelled mussels: hybridization with invasive European Mytilus galloprovincialis", Genetics Selection Evolution, 50 (1): 1–14, doi:10.1186/s12711-018-0376-z, PMC5824471, PMID 29471805{{citation}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
^ abRíos, J. L. (2010):Mussels - May 2010, Chile Globefish.org.
^d'Orbigny, A. (1836), Voyage dans l'Amérique méridionale (le Brésil, la république orientale de l'Uruguay, la république Argentine, la Patagonie, la république du Chili, la république de Bolivia, la république du Pérou), exécuté pendant les années 1826, 1827, 1828, 1829, 1830, 1831, 1832 et 1833, Vol. 5, Mollusques, Bertrand: Paris, pp. 49–184
^Hupé, H. (1854), Moluscos de Chile. In C. Gay (Ed.), Atlas de la historia fisica y politica de Chile, Zoologia , Vol. 8, Thunot y Cia: Paris, pp. 1–407
^ abcBorsa, P.; Rolland, V.; Daguin-Thiébaut, C. (2012). "Genetics and taxonomy of Chilean smooth-shelled mussels, Mytilus spp. (Bivalvia: Mytilidae)" (PDF). Comptes Rendus Biologies. 335 (1): 51–61. doi:10.1016/j.crvi.2011.10.002. PMID 22226163. S2CID 1471569.[1][permanent dead link]
^Daguin, C., Borsa, P. (2000), "Genetic relationships of Mytilus galloprovincialis Lmk. populations worldwide: evidence from nuclearDNA markers", Geological Society of London, Special Publications, 177: 389–397, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.2000.177.01.26, S2CID 85428313{{citation}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)[2]
^McDonald, J. H., Seed, R., and Koehn, R. K. (1991), "Allozymes and morphometric characters of three species of Mytilus in the Northern and Southern Hemispheres", Marine Biology, 111 (3): 323–333, doi:10.1007/BF01319403, S2CID 84491601{{citation}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)[3]
April 16, 2024
chilean, mussel, chilean, blue, mussel, species, blue, mussel, native, coasts, chile, from, biobío, region, cape, horn, today, genomic, evidence, confirmed, that, native, chilean, blue, mussel, genetically, distinct, from, northern, hemisphere, edulis, gallopr. The Chilean mussel 1 or Chilean blue mussel 2 is a species of blue mussel native to the coasts of Chile from Biobio Region 37 ºS to Cape Horn 55 ºS Today genomic evidence confirmed that the native Chilean blue mussel is genetically distinct from the Northern Hemisphere M edulis M galloprovincialis and M trossulus 3 and also genetically different from Mytilus platensis 4 the other species of smooth shelled mussel from South America Chilean musselScientific classificationDomain EukaryotaKingdom AnimaliaPhylum MolluscaClass BivalviaOrder MytilidaFamily MytilidaeGenus MytilusSpecies M platensisBinomial nameMytilus platensisd Orbigny 1842SynonymsMytilus chilensis Hupe 1854Mytilus desolationis Lamy 1936 Right and left valve of the same specimen Right valve Left valve Contents 1 Aquaculture 2 Systematics 3 See also 4 ReferencesAquaculture editSee also Aquaculture in Chile M chilensis is under intensive aquaculture in Chile From 2004 to 2008 the annual commercial harvest increased from 80 000 to 200 000 tonnes 5 Following a decrease in 2009 the production was back at high level in 2010 6 Over 45 000 tonnes of mussels were exported from Chile in 2008 93 of them frozen Some 74 of exports are to the EU primarily Spain and France and 15 to the United States 5 Systematics editAlcide d Orbigny first described the species Mytilus platensis d Orbigny 1842 7 Species that was for many year erroneously confused with Mytilus chilensis described by Hipolito Hupe in 1854 8 Nowadays most biodiversity data bases such as the World Register of Marine Species 9 or the Integrated Taxonomic Information System 10 recognise Mytilus chilensis as a valid taxon in the Mytilus genus and different from Mytilus platensis Mytilus chilensis is part of the worldwide Mytilus edulis complex of mussels or blue mussels Modern genetic studies based on single nucleotide polymorphism SNP have demonstrated that the Chilean mussel is genetically different of both the Mediterranean mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis and the North Atlantic Mytilus edulis Evidence collected until 2021 recognized several blue mussel species in South America including native M platensis introduced M galloprovincialis from the Mediterranean and possibly introduced M planulatus 11 12 Using nuclear DNA markers Borsa et al 2012 confirmed earlier results from allozymes 13 that most populations in the south of the South American continent indeed represent a native Southern Hemisphere lineage of the blue mussel for which they suggested to use the subspecies name Mytilus edulis platensis 11 now M platensis The same authors questioned the earlier identifications of the Montevideo mussel in Southern Chile as M galloprovincialis 2 because the genetic markers then used could not help distinguishing M galloprovincialis from any of the two native blue mussel species from the Southern Hemisphere 11 now referred to as M planulatus and M platensis Moreover M platensis populations in southern Chile show slight introgression from M planulatus See also editList of marine molluscs of ChileReferences edit Mytilus chilensis Hupe 1854 Sealifebase org a b Toro J E Ojeda J A Vergara A M Castro G C Alcapan A C December 1 2005 Molecular characterization of the Chilean blue mussel Mytilus chilensis Hupe 1854 demonstrates evidence for the occurrence of Mytilus galloprovincialis in southern Chile Journal of Shellfish Research 24 4 1117 1121 doi 10 2983 0730 8000 2005 24 1117 MCOTCB 2 0 CO 2 hdl 10533 175975 S2CID 86038602 Archived from the original on October 23 2012 Retrieved 2009 01 22 Larrain M A Zbawicka M Araneda C Gardner J P A and Wenne R 2018 Native and invasive taxa on the Pacific coast of South America Impacts on aquaculture traceability and biodiversity of blue mussels Mytilus spp Evolutionary Applications 11 3 298 311 doi 10 1111 eva 12553 a href Template Citation html title Template Citation citation a CS1 maint multiple names authors list link Zbawicka M Trucco M I and Wenne R 2018 Single nucleotide polymorphisms in native South American Atlantic coast populations of smooth shelled mussels hybridization with invasive European Mytilus galloprovincialis Genetics Selection Evolution 50 1 1 14 doi 10 1186 s12711 018 0376 z PMC 5824471 PMID 29471805 a href Template Citation html title Template Citation citation a CS1 maint multiple names authors list link a b Rios J L 2010 Mussels May 2010 Chile Globefish org Bivalves February 2011 Globefish org d Orbigny A 1836 Voyage dans l Amerique meridionale le Bresil la republique orientale de l Uruguay la republique Argentine la Patagonie la republique du Chili la republique de Bolivia la republique du Perou execute pendant les annees 1826 1827 1828 1829 1830 1831 1832 et 1833 Vol 5 Mollusques Bertrand Paris pp 49 184 Hupe H 1854 Moluscos de Chile InC Gay Ed Atlas de la historia fisica y politica de Chile Zoologia Vol 8 Thunot y Cia Paris pp 1 407 Mytilus chilensis Hupe 1854 www marinespecies org Mytilus chilensis Hupe 1854 www itis gov a b c Borsa P Rolland V Daguin Thiebaut C 2012 Genetics and taxonomy of Chilean smooth shelled mussels Mytilus spp Bivalvia Mytilidae PDF Comptes Rendus Biologies 335 1 51 61 doi 10 1016 j crvi 2011 10 002 PMID 22226163 S2CID 1471569 1 permanent dead link Daguin C Borsa P 2000 Genetic relationships of Mytilus galloprovincialis Lmk populations worldwide evidence from nuclearDNA markers Geological Society of London Special Publications 177 389 397 doi 10 1144 GSL SP 2000 177 01 26 S2CID 85428313 a href Template Citation html title Template Citation citation a CS1 maint multiple names authors list link 2 McDonald J H Seed R and Koehn R K 1991 Allozymes and morphometric characters of three species of Mytilus in the Northern and Southern Hemispheres Marine Biology 111 3 323 333 doi 10 1007 BF01319403 S2CID 84491601 a href Template Citation html title Template Citation citation a CS1 maint multiple names authors list link 3 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Chilean mussel amp 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