The exact symptoms of a chemical burn depend on the chemical involved. Symptoms include itching, bleaching or darkening of skin, burning sensations, trouble breathing, coughing blood and/or tissue necrosis. Common sources of chemical burns include sulfuric acid (H2SO4), hydrochloric acid (HCl), sodium hydroxide (NaOH), lime (CaO), silver nitrate (AgNO3), and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Effects depend on the substance; hydrogen peroxide removes a bleached layer of skin, while nitric acid causes a characteristic color change to yellow in the skin, and silver nitrate produces noticeable black stains. Chemical burns may occur through direct contact on body surfaces, including skin and eyes, via inhalation, and/or by ingestion. Substances that diffuse efficiently in human tissue, e.g., hydrofluoric acid, sulfur mustard, and dimethyl sulfate, may not react immediately, but instead produce the burns and inflammation hours after the contact. Chemical fabrication, mining, medicine, and related professional fields are examples of occupations where chemical burns may occur. Hydrofluoric acid leaches into the bloodstream, reacts with calcium and magnesium, and the resulting salts can cause cardiac arrest after eating through skin.
Preventionedit
In Belgium, the Conseil Supérieur de la Santé gives a scientific advisory report on public health policy. The Superior Health Council of Belgium provides an overview of products that are authorized in Belgium for consumer use and that contain caustic substances, as well as of the risks linked to exposure to these products. This report aims at suggesting protection measures for the consumers, and formulates recommendations that apply to the different stages of the chain, which begins with the formulation of the product, followed by its regulation, marketing, application, post-application and ends with its monitoring.[1]
Soldier with severe mustard gas burns to back and arms, circa 1918. These burns are severe enough to be life-threatening.
Soldier with mustard gas burns, circa 1918
Severe skin burns with blisters are very rare, but possible.
Hydrofluoric acid (HF) burns, which were not evident until a day after exposure
A hand that has received minor chemical burns from a commercial grade dishwasher. said dishwasher uses caustic chemicals such as high concentration chlorine.
^"Human exposure to caustic and/or corrosive substances (acids and bases)" (PDF). AVIS DU CONSEIL SUPERIEUR DE LA SANTE N° 9108. Conseil Supérieur de la Santé. November 2015. Retrieved 2 December 2015.
External linksedit
January 01, 1970
chemical, burn, chemical, burn, occurs, when, living, tissue, exposed, corrosive, substance, such, strong, acid, base, oxidizer, cytotoxic, agent, such, mustard, lewisite, arsine, follow, standard, burn, classification, cause, extensive, tissue, damage, main, . A chemical burn occurs when living tissue is exposed to a corrosive substance such as a strong acid base or oxidizer or a cytotoxic agent such as mustard gas lewisite or arsine Chemical burns follow standard burn classification and may cause extensive tissue damage The main types of irritant and or corrosive products are acids bases oxidizers reducing agents solvents and alkylants Additionally chemical burns can be caused by biological toxins such as anthrax toxin and by some types of cytotoxic chemical weapons e g vesicants such as mustard gas and Lewisite or urticants such as phosgene oxime Chemical burnOther namesAcid burnChemical burns caused by exposure to mustard gas during the First World WarSpecialtyEmergency medicine Symptomsitching bleaching or darkening of skin burning sensations trouble breathing coughing blood and or tissue necrosisComplicationsDepends on the severityCausesmost common include sulfuric acid hydrochloric acid sodium hydroxide lime silver nitrate and greater than 5 hydrogen peroxide solutions TreatmentDepends on the chemicals being exposed Chemical burns may need no source of heat occur immediately on contact not be immediately evident or noticeable be extremely painful diffuse into tissue and damage cellular structures under skin without immediately apparent damage to skin surface Contents 1 Presentation 2 Prevention 3 Gallery 4 See also 5 References 6 External linksPresentation editThe exact symptoms of a chemical burn depend on the chemical involved Symptoms include itching bleaching or darkening of skin burning sensations trouble breathing coughing blood and or tissue necrosis Common sources of chemical burns include sulfuric acid H2SO4 hydrochloric acid HCl sodium hydroxide NaOH lime CaO silver nitrate AgNO3 and hydrogen peroxide H2O2 Effects depend on the substance hydrogen peroxide removes a bleached layer of skin while nitric acid causes a characteristic color change to yellow in the skin and silver nitrate produces noticeable black stains Chemical burns may occur through direct contact on body surfaces including skin and eyes via inhalation and or by ingestion Substances that diffuse efficiently in human tissue e g hydrofluoric acid sulfur mustard and dimethyl sulfate may not react immediately but instead produce the burns and inflammation hours after the contact Chemical fabrication mining medicine and related professional fields are examples of occupations where chemical burns may occur Hydrofluoric acid leaches into the bloodstream reacts with calcium and magnesium and the resulting salts can cause cardiac arrest after eating through skin Prevention editIn Belgium the Conseil Superieur de la Sante gives a scientific advisory report on public health policy The Superior Health Council of Belgium provides an overview of products that are authorized in Belgium for consumer use and that contain caustic substances as well as of the risks linked to exposure to these products This report aims at suggesting protection measures for the consumers and formulates recommendations that apply to the different stages of the chain which begins with the formulation of the product followed by its regulation marketing application post application and ends with its monitoring 1 Gallery edit nbsp Chemical burns to the arm caused by a blister agent e g mustard gas nbsp Soldier with severe mustard gas burns to back and arms circa 1918 These burns are severe enough to be life threatening nbsp Soldier with mustard gas burns circa 1918 nbsp Severe skin burns with blisters are very rare but possible nbsp Hydrofluoric acid HF burns which were not evident until a day after exposure nbsp A hand that has received minor chemical burns from a commercial grade dishwasher said dishwasher uses caustic chemicals such as high concentration chlorine See also editAcid throwingReferences edit Human exposure to caustic and or corrosive substances acids and bases PDF AVIS DU CONSEIL SUPERIEUR DE LA SANTE N 9108 Conseil Superieur de la Sante November 2015 Retrieved 2 December 2015 External links edit Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Chemical burn amp oldid 1200475812, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
