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Charles Turner (merchant)

January 21, 2023

For the writer on management, see Charles Hampden-Turner.

Charles Hampden Turner (1772–1856) was a British businessman, now known as a collector and gardener.[1]

Life

He was the son of John Turner of Narrow Street, Limehouse,a sailmaker and Dorothy Fowler. His sister Harriet married John Woolmore, the Member of Parliament.[2]

He was educated at Merchant Taylors School, London.

 
The East India Docks on the River Thomas, East London, in the year 1806; the year of their completion

Turner owned a sailmaking and canvas firm in Limehouse.[3] He then in 1800 went into a local cordage business with Joseph Huddart, in partnership with Woolmore and Sir Robert Wigram, 1st Baronet.[4] By 1809 he gave up government work for the Naval Board, as inspector of canvas, citing pressure of other business.[5]

William Cotton joined Turner's counting-house at age 15, and in 1807 became a partner in Huddart & Co.[6] His father Joseph Cotton was a business associate of Turner in the East India Docks Company, being chairman while Turner was deputy chairman.[7] In 1814 Turner gave evidence to Parliament on the shipping of the East India Company.[8] He chaired the trust that constructed the East India Dock Road, as an extension of Commercial Road,[3] and was also a director of the Phoenix Fire Office.[9]

James Walker in 1820 proposed a trial steam vessel voyage to Turner, from London to Edinburgh. It took place in June 1821 on the City of Edinburgh.[10] After James Watt died in 1819, James Watt junior turned to friends to preserve his father's memory, among whom Turner was prominent.[11] Turner went on to chair the committee of 1824 which financed Francis Chantrey's memorial to Watt.[12] During Watt junior's campaign to assert his father's priority claim on the composition of water, Turner in 1839 acted as an intermediary with Robert Brown, to whom he gave some limited access to relevant correspondence (of Joseph Banks and Charles Blagden).[13]

Turner was elected a member of the Geological Society in 1813, of the Linnean Society in 1819, and of the Royal Society in 1821.[1][14] In 1823 he served as High Sheriff of Surrey.[15] He was also a member of the Horticultural Society, the Royal Institution, and the Athenaeum Club, and a manager of the London Institution.[16][17][18][19] In 1848 he became an honorary member of the Society of Civil Engineers.[6] His portrait was painted by Martin Archer Shee.[20]

House and garden

In 1817 Turner bought from Matthias Wilks "Rook's Nest", a house in 140 acres in Surrey.[21] On the way from Tandridge to Godstone, it was described in 1873, when still in the Turner family, as a "stately semi-classical mansion with Ionic portico".[22] In 1838 Thomas Streatfeild commented on the house's busts of James Watt and John Rennie the Elder, portrait of Huddart, and galleries.[23]

 
Wisteria sinensis, from Curtis's Botanical Magazine.

Captain Robert Welbank imported for Turner a variety of Camellia japonica, around 1810.[24] It was through Turner's interest in gardening that the Chinese wisteria (Wisteria sinensis) was introduced to the United Kingdom.[25] In May 1816 Welbank, as captain of the East Indiaman Cuffnells, brought a wisteria specimen to Turner as a gift. It may have been despatched by John Reeves, who was based in Guangzhou as a tea inspector for the East India Company; Reeves certainly sent another specimen in 1818, to Kew. It is known that Reeves had seen the plant in the garden of Consequa (his trading name: Pan Changyao 潘長耀), who was a leading hong merchant. The species came in fact from Zhangzhou in Fujian.[26][27]

Another captain, Richard Rawes, brought wisteria from the same garden, arriving a matter of days later: this time destined for a rival gardener, Thomas Carey Palmer of Bromley.[26][28] Turner initially kept the wisteria specimen in its pot.[29] The Mechanics' Magazine in 1827 identified Turner as a pioneer in steam heating of conservatories, about eight years previously.[30] In fact Turner subjected his wisteria to summer heat (84 °F) in a peach house, where red spider was a problem, and then relative cold in a shady greenhouse after his gardener had repotted it. The plant began to flower in March 1819.[25]

Turner's success with wisteria was rewarded by a medal from the Horticultural Society, though his plant, in a pit, never thrived as the Society's one did.[26][31] It is now regarded as a cultivar, and the name "Consequa" has been proposed.[32] He had it propagated by the nurserymen Messrs. Loddiges; and switched to the water heating method of William Whale by the November 1827 issue of the Gardener's Magazine.[27][33]

Collections

Miniatures by Ozias Humphry, left by Humphry to William Upcott, came to Turner as a bequest from Upcott in 1845.[34] He also collected the works of George Jones, a personal friend. In particular he accumulated the drawings of battles, and chalk and sepia sketches, that Jones made.[35][36]

Turner borrowed letters of James Wolfe from the Warde family, around 1827, to help Robert Southey with a planned biography of Wolfe. They turned up 30 years later, in the estate of Dawson Turner.[37]

 
Plate from Description d'une collection de minéraux, formée par M. Henri Heuland, et appartenant a M. Ch. Hampden Turner, relating to iron pyrites

A noted mineral collection was owned by Turner, based on that of Henri Heuland. A catalogue was published in 1837, as Description d'une collection de minéraux, formée par M. Henri Heuland, et appartenant a M. Ch. Hampden Turner, by Armand Lévy (3 vols. and Atlas. London). According to the catalogue's introduction, the collection was founded by Jacob Forster. It was then built up by Heuland, in the period 1806 to 1820, when it was bought by Turner.[38] Its later history saw the collection purchased by Henry Ludlam. It then went as part of a bequest to the Museum of Practical Geology.[39] Humphry Davy wrote on a rock crystal he found in Turner's collection.[40] As a compliment to Turner, Lévy named a rare mineral "turnerite", also called "pictite". Later, in 1866, James Dwight Dana identified this mineral as monazite.[41][42]

Family

Turner married Mary Rohde. Their only son was Charles Hampden, who graduated B.A. at Christ Church, Oxford in 1825, and married Henrietta-Fourness, daughter of Matthew Wilson of Eshton Hall.[43][44] He died in 1842, leaving a son of the same name, known as a soldier, who died in 1867.[45]

Their daughter Mary married Money Wigram (1790–1873).[46] He was son of Sir Robert Wigram, Turner's business partner, by his second wife Eleanor.[47] The second daughter Harriet in 1837 married Rev. Thomas Staniforth (1807–1887).[48][49]

Notes

  1. ^ a b Address of ... the President: Read at the Anniversary Meeting of the Linnean Society: Together with Obituary Notices of Deceased Members. Taylor & Francis. 1857. p. 28. Retrieved 8 May 2013.
  2. ^ historyofparliamentonline.org Woolmore, John (1755-1837), of Hampton, Mdx. and Kingsterndale, Derbys.
  3. ^ a b Hermione Hobhouse (General Editor) (1994). "East India Dock Road: Introduction". Survey of London: volumes 43 and 44: Poplar, Blackwall and Isle of Dogs. Institute of Historical Research. Retrieved 9 May 2013. {{cite web}}: |author= has generic name (help)
  4. ^ A. W. Skempton (2002). A Biographical Dictionary of Civil Engineers in Great Britain and Ireland: 1500 to 1830. Thomas Telford. p. 344. ISBN 978-0-7277-2939-2. Retrieved 8 May 2013.
  5. ^ John B. Hattendorf, ed. (1993). British Naval documents, 1204-1960. Navy Records Society (Great Britain). p. 472. ISBN 978-0-85967-947-3.
  6. ^ a b Garth Watson (1989). The Smeatonians: the Society of Civil Engineers. Thomas Telford. p. 58. ISBN 978-0-7277-1526-5. Retrieved 9 May 2013.
  7. ^ East-India Register and Directory. W. H. Allen. 1819. p. xlviii. Retrieved 9 May 2013.
  8. ^ The Antijacobin Review and True Churchman's Magazine. C. Cradock. 1814. p. 168. Retrieved 9 May 2013.
  9. ^ The Royal Kalendar, and Court and City Register for England, Scotland, Ireland, and the Colonies. 1818. p. 329. Retrieved 9 May 2013.
  10. ^ James Walker; Sir John Rennie; George Rennie; Walker and Burges (1826). Rivers and Harbors of Great Britain. p. 151. Retrieved 9 May 2013.
  11. ^ Heroes of Invention: Technology, Liberalism and British Identity, 1750-1914. Cambridge University Press. 20 December 2007. p. 99. ISBN 978-0-521-87370-3. Retrieved 9 May 2013.
  12. ^ C. H. Turner (1824). Proceedings of the Public Meeting Held at Freemasons' Hall on the 18th June, 1824, for Erecting a Monument to the Late James Watt. John Murray. p. x. Retrieved 9 May 2013.
  13. ^ Discovering Water: James Watt, Henry Cavendish, and the Nineteenth Century 'Water Controversy'. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. 2004. p. 218. ISBN 978-0-7546-3177-4. Retrieved 9 May 2013.
  14. ^ Alexander Tilloch (1813). Philosophical Magazine. Taylor & Francis. p. 395. Retrieved 9 May 2013.
  15. ^ The European Magazine, and London Review. Philological Society of London. 1823. p. 185. Retrieved 9 May 2013.
  16. ^ Athenaeum Club (London, England) (1840). Rules and List of Members. p. 83. Retrieved 9 May 2013.
  17. ^ The Quarterly Journal of Science and the Arts. John Murray. 1817. p. 232. Retrieved 9 May 2013.
  18. ^ Royal horticultural society (1823). List of officers and members. p. 53. Retrieved 9 May 2013.
  19. ^ Hume Tracts , List of the proprietors and life subscribers of the London Institution, May 1818 (1818), at p. 3. Contributed by: UCL Library Services. Stable URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/60211435
  20. ^ The Art Union: Monthly Journal of the Fine Arts. 1842. p. 124. Retrieved 9 May 2013.
  21. ^ Edward Wedlake Brayley; Mantell (1850). A topographical history of Surrey: the geological section by Gedeon Mantell. G. Willis. p. 183. Retrieved 9 May 2013.
  22. ^ James Thorne, Handbook to the Environs of London, alphabetically arranged, containing an account of every town and village, and of all places of interest, within a circle of twenty miles round London (1876) vol. 2 p. 603; archive.org.
  23. ^ Thomas Streatfeild (1838). Lympsfield and Its Environs: Being a Series of Views, with Descriptions, of that Village and Objects of Interest in Its Vicinity; and The Old Oak Chair, a Ballad. Henry George. p. 50. Retrieved 9 May 2013.
  24. ^ The Gardener's Magazine and Register of Rural & Domestic Improvement. Longman, Rees, Orome, Brown and Green. 1831. p. 72. Retrieved 9 May 2013.
  25. ^ a b John Sims (1819). Curtis's Botanical Magazine, Or, Flower-garden Displayed: In which the Most Ornamental Foreign Plants, Cultivated in the Open Ground, the Green-house, and the Stove, are Accurately Represented in Their Natural Colours ... p. 2083. Retrieved 9 May 2013.
  26. ^ a b c Alice M. Coats (1963). Garden Shrubs and their Histories. Vista Books. pp. 362–3.
  27. ^ a b E. H. M. Cox (1986). Plant-hunting in China. Oxford University Press. pp. 52–6. ISBN 978-0195838343.
  28. ^ John Claudius Loudon (1827). The Gardener's Magazine and Register of Rural and Domestic Improvement. Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown and Green. p. 422. Retrieved 9 May 2013.
  29. ^ Annals of Horticulture. 1848. p. 187. Retrieved 9 May 2013.
  30. ^ Joseph Clinton Robertson, ed. (1828). Mechanics' Magazine and Journal of Science, Arts, and Manufactures. Knight and Lacey. p. 338. Retrieved 9 May 2013.
  31. ^ John Claudius Loudon (1854). Arboretum et fruticetum britannicum. p. 648. Retrieved 9 May 2013.
  32. ^ Roger Spencer (31 December 2002). Horticultural Flora of South-eastern Australia. Volume 3, Flowering Plants: Dicotyledons. Part 2, the Identification of Garden and Cultivated Plants. UNSW Press. p. 231. ISBN 978-0-86840-660-2. Retrieved 9 May 2013.
  33. ^ John Claudius Loudon, ed. (1828). The Gardener's Magazine. Longman, Rees, Orome, Brown and Green. p. 189. Retrieved 9 May 2013.
  34. ^ Lee, Sidney, ed. (1891). "Humphry, Ozias" . Dictionary of National Biography. Vol. 28. London: Smith, Elder & Co.
  35. ^ Lee, Sidney, ed. (1892). "Jones, George (1786-1869)" . Dictionary of National Biography. Vol. 30. London: Smith, Elder & Co.
  36. ^ William Sandby, The History of the Royal Academy of Arts from its Foundation in 1768 to the Present Time vol. 2 (1862) p. 39; archive.org.
  37. ^ Robert Wright (1864). The Life of Major-General James Wolfe, founded on Original Documents and illustrated by his Correspondence ...: (Mit 1 Porträt.). Chapman and Hall. p. xv. Retrieved 9 May 2013.
  38. ^ Armand Lévy; Henri Heuland (1837). Description d'une collection de Minéraux: trois volumes avec un atlas de 83 planches. Richter. p. i. Retrieved 9 May 2013.
  39. ^ Albert Carl Ludwig Gotthilf, The History of the Collections contained in the Natural history Departments of the British Museum vol. 1 (1904), pp. 431–2; archive.org.
  40. ^ Sir Humphry Davy (1840). The Collected Works of Sir Humphry Davy: Discourses delivered before the Royal society. Elements of agricultural chemistry, pt. I. Smith, Elder and Company. p. 215. Retrieved 9 May 2013.
  41. ^ William Phillips; Robert Allan; Francis Alger (1844). An Elementary Treatise on Mineralogy: Comprising an Introduction to the Science. W. D. Ticknor & Company. pp. 138–9. Retrieved 9 May 2013.
  42. ^ American Journal of Science: The First Scientific Journal in the United States : Devoted to the Geological Sciences and to Related Fields. Laboratory. 1866. p. 420. ISBN 9780371129104. Retrieved 9 May 2013.
  43. ^ s:Page:Alumni Oxoniensis (1715-1886) volume 4.djvu/240
  44. ^ John Burke (1836). A Genealogical and Heraldic History of the Commoners of Great Britain and Ireland, Enjoying Territorial Possessions Or High Official Rank: But Uninvested with Heritable Honours. Henry Colburn. p. 183. Retrieved 9 May 2013.
  45. ^ Edward Cave; John Nichols (1867). The Gentleman's Magazine, and Historical Chronicle, for the Year ... Edw. Cave, 1736-[1868]. p. 121. Retrieved 9 May 2013.
  46. ^ Baigent, Elizabeth. "Wigram, Woolmore". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/36891. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  47. ^ John Burke (1833). A General and Heraldic Dictionary of the Peerage and Baronetage of the British Empire. H. Colburn and R. Bentley. p. 616. Retrieved 9 May 2013.
  48. ^ The British Magazine and Monthly Register of Religious and Ecclesiastical Information, Parochial History, and Documents Respecting the State of the Poor, Progress of Education, &c. J. Turrill. 1837. p. 589. Retrieved 9 May 2013.
  49. ^ Legacies of British Slave-ownership, Rev. Thomas Staniforth.

External links

  • Rooksnest on an 1874 map of Surrey

January 21, 2023
charles, turner, merchant, writer, management, charles, hampden, turner, charles, hampden, turner, 1772, 1856, british, businessman, known, collector, gardener, contents, life, house, garden, collections, family, notes, external, linkslife, edithe, john, turne. For the writer on management see Charles Hampden Turner Charles Hampden Turner 1772 1856 was a British businessman now known as a collector and gardener 1 Contents 1 Life 2 House and garden 3 Collections 4 Family 5 Notes 6 External linksLife EditHe was the son of John Turner of Narrow Street Limehouse a sailmaker and Dorothy Fowler His sister Harriet married John Woolmore the Member of Parliament 2 He was educated at Merchant Taylors School London The East India Docks on the River Thomas East London in the year 1806 the year of their completion Turner owned a sailmaking and canvas firm in Limehouse 3 He then in 1800 went into a local cordage business with Joseph Huddart in partnership with Woolmore and Sir Robert Wigram 1st Baronet 4 By 1809 he gave up government work for the Naval Board as inspector of canvas citing pressure of other business 5 William Cotton joined Turner s counting house at age 15 and in 1807 became a partner in Huddart amp Co 6 His father Joseph Cotton was a business associate of Turner in the East India Docks Company being chairman while Turner was deputy chairman 7 In 1814 Turner gave evidence to Parliament on the shipping of the East India Company 8 He chaired the trust that constructed the East India Dock Road as an extension of Commercial Road 3 and was also a director of the Phoenix Fire Office 9 James Walker in 1820 proposed a trial steam vessel voyage to Turner from London to Edinburgh It took place in June 1821 on the City of Edinburgh 10 After James Watt died in 1819 James Watt junior turned to friends to preserve his father s memory among whom Turner was prominent 11 Turner went on to chair the committee of 1824 which financed Francis Chantrey s memorial to Watt 12 During Watt junior s campaign to assert his father s priority claim on the composition of water Turner in 1839 acted as an intermediary with Robert Brown to whom he gave some limited access to relevant correspondence of Joseph Banks and Charles Blagden 13 Turner was elected a member of the Geological Society in 1813 of the Linnean Society in 1819 and of the Royal Society in 1821 1 14 In 1823 he served as High Sheriff of Surrey 15 He was also a member of the Horticultural Society the Royal Institution and the Athenaeum Club and a manager of the London Institution 16 17 18 19 In 1848 he became an honorary member of the Society of Civil Engineers 6 His portrait was painted by Martin Archer Shee 20 House and garden EditIn 1817 Turner bought from Matthias Wilks Rook s Nest a house in 140 acres in Surrey 21 On the way from Tandridge to Godstone it was described in 1873 when still in the Turner family as a stately semi classical mansion with Ionic portico 22 In 1838 Thomas Streatfeild commented on the house s busts of James Watt and John Rennie the Elder portrait of Huddart and galleries 23 Wisteria sinensis from Curtis s Botanical Magazine Captain Robert Welbank imported for Turner a variety of Camellia japonica around 1810 24 It was through Turner s interest in gardening that the Chinese wisteria Wisteria sinensis was introduced to the United Kingdom 25 In May 1816 Welbank as captain of the East Indiaman Cuffnells brought a wisteria specimen to Turner as a gift It may have been despatched by John Reeves who was based in Guangzhou as a tea inspector for the East India Company Reeves certainly sent another specimen in 1818 to Kew It is known that Reeves had seen the plant in the garden of Consequa his trading name Pan Changyao 潘長耀 who was a leading hong merchant The species came in fact from Zhangzhou in Fujian 26 27 Another captain Richard Rawes brought wisteria from the same garden arriving a matter of days later this time destined for a rival gardener Thomas Carey Palmer of Bromley 26 28 Turner initially kept the wisteria specimen in its pot 29 The Mechanics Magazine in 1827 identified Turner as a pioneer in steam heating of conservatories about eight years previously 30 In fact Turner subjected his wisteria to summer heat 84 F in a peach house where red spider was a problem and then relative cold in a shady greenhouse after his gardener had repotted it The plant began to flower in March 1819 25 Turner s success with wisteria was rewarded by a medal from the Horticultural Society though his plant in a pit never thrived as the Society s one did 26 31 It is now regarded as a cultivar and the name Consequa has been proposed 32 He had it propagated by the nurserymen Messrs Loddiges and switched to the water heating method of William Whale by the November 1827 issue of the Gardener s Magazine 27 33 Collections EditMiniatures by Ozias Humphry left by Humphry to William Upcott came to Turner as a bequest from Upcott in 1845 34 He also collected the works of George Jones a personal friend In particular he accumulated the drawings of battles and chalk and sepia sketches that Jones made 35 36 Turner borrowed letters of James Wolfe from the Warde family around 1827 to help Robert Southey with a planned biography of Wolfe They turned up 30 years later in the estate of Dawson Turner 37 Plate from Description d une collection de mineraux formee par M Henri Heuland et appartenant a M Ch Hampden Turner relating to iron pyrites A noted mineral collection was owned by Turner based on that of Henri Heuland A catalogue was published in 1837 as Description d une collection de mineraux formee par M Henri Heuland et appartenant a M Ch Hampden Turner by Armand Levy 3 vols and Atlas London According to the catalogue s introduction the collection was founded by Jacob Forster It was then built up by Heuland in the period 1806 to 1820 when it was bought by Turner 38 Its later history saw the collection purchased by Henry Ludlam It then went as part of a bequest to the Museum of Practical Geology 39 Humphry Davy wrote on a rock crystal he found in Turner s collection 40 As a compliment to Turner Levy named a rare mineral turnerite also called pictite Later in 1866 James Dwight Dana identified this mineral as monazite 41 42 Family EditTurner married Mary Rohde Their only son was Charles Hampden who graduated B A at Christ Church Oxford in 1825 and married Henrietta Fourness daughter of Matthew Wilson of Eshton Hall 43 44 He died in 1842 leaving a son of the same name known as a soldier who died in 1867 45 Their daughter Mary married Money Wigram 1790 1873 46 He was son of Sir Robert Wigram Turner s business partner by his second wife Eleanor 47 The second daughter Harriet in 1837 married Rev Thomas Staniforth 1807 1887 48 49 Notes Edit a b Address of the President Read at the Anniversary Meeting of the Linnean Society Together with Obituary Notices of Deceased Members Taylor amp Francis 1857 p 28 Retrieved 8 May 2013 historyofparliamentonline org Woolmore John 1755 1837 of Hampton Mdx and Kingsterndale Derbys a b Hermione Hobhouse General Editor 1994 East India Dock Road Introduction Survey of London volumes 43 and 44 Poplar Blackwall and Isle of Dogs Institute of Historical Research Retrieved 9 May 2013 a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a author has generic name help A W Skempton 2002 A Biographical Dictionary of Civil Engineers in Great Britain and Ireland 1500 to 1830 Thomas Telford p 344 ISBN 978 0 7277 2939 2 Retrieved 8 May 2013 John B Hattendorf ed 1993 British Naval documents 1204 1960 Navy Records Society Great Britain p 472 ISBN 978 0 85967 947 3 a b Garth Watson 1989 The Smeatonians the Society of Civil Engineers Thomas Telford p 58 ISBN 978 0 7277 1526 5 Retrieved 9 May 2013 East India Register and Directory W H Allen 1819 p xlviii Retrieved 9 May 2013 The Antijacobin Review and True Churchman s Magazine C Cradock 1814 p 168 Retrieved 9 May 2013 The Royal Kalendar and Court and City Register for England Scotland Ireland and the Colonies 1818 p 329 Retrieved 9 May 2013 James Walker Sir John Rennie George Rennie Walker and Burges 1826 Rivers and Harbors of Great Britain p 151 Retrieved 9 May 2013 Heroes of Invention Technology Liberalism and British Identity 1750 1914 Cambridge University Press 20 December 2007 p 99 ISBN 978 0 521 87370 3 Retrieved 9 May 2013 C H Turner 1824 Proceedings of the Public Meeting Held at Freemasons Hall on the 18th June 1824 for Erecting a Monument to the Late James Watt John Murray p x Retrieved 9 May 2013 Discovering Water James Watt Henry Cavendish and the Nineteenth Century Water Controversy Ashgate Publishing Ltd 2004 p 218 ISBN 978 0 7546 3177 4 Retrieved 9 May 2013 Alexander Tilloch 1813 Philosophical Magazine Taylor amp Francis p 395 Retrieved 9 May 2013 The European Magazine and London Review Philological Society of London 1823 p 185 Retrieved 9 May 2013 Athenaeum Club London England 1840 Rules and List of Members p 83 Retrieved 9 May 2013 The Quarterly Journal of Science and the Arts John Murray 1817 p 232 Retrieved 9 May 2013 Royal horticultural society 1823 List of officers and members p 53 Retrieved 9 May 2013 Hume Tracts List of the proprietors and life subscribers of the London Institution May 1818 1818 at p 3 Contributed by UCL Library Services Stable URL https www jstor org stable 60211435 The Art Union Monthly Journal of the Fine Arts 1842 p 124 Retrieved 9 May 2013 Edward Wedlake Brayley Mantell 1850 A topographical history of Surrey the geological section by Gedeon Mantell G Willis p 183 Retrieved 9 May 2013 James Thorne Handbook to the Environs of London alphabetically arranged containing an account of every town and village and of all places of interest within a circle of twenty miles round London 1876 vol 2 p 603 archive org Thomas Streatfeild 1838 Lympsfield and Its Environs Being a Series of Views with Descriptions of that Village and Objects of Interest in Its Vicinity and The Old Oak Chair a Ballad Henry George p 50 Retrieved 9 May 2013 The Gardener s Magazine and Register of Rural amp Domestic Improvement Longman Rees Orome Brown and Green 1831 p 72 Retrieved 9 May 2013 a b John Sims 1819 Curtis s Botanical Magazine Or Flower garden Displayed In which the Most Ornamental Foreign Plants Cultivated in the Open Ground the Green house and the Stove are Accurately Represented in Their Natural Colours p 2083 Retrieved 9 May 2013 a b c Alice M Coats 1963 Garden Shrubs and their Histories Vista Books pp 362 3 a b E H M Cox 1986 Plant hunting in China Oxford University Press pp 52 6 ISBN 978 0195838343 John Claudius Loudon 1827 The Gardener s Magazine and Register of Rural and Domestic Improvement Longman Rees Orme Brown and Green p 422 Retrieved 9 May 2013 Annals of Horticulture 1848 p 187 Retrieved 9 May 2013 Joseph Clinton Robertson ed 1828 Mechanics Magazine and Journal of Science Arts and Manufactures Knight and Lacey p 338 Retrieved 9 May 2013 John Claudius Loudon 1854 Arboretum et fruticetum britannicum p 648 Retrieved 9 May 2013 Roger Spencer 31 December 2002 Horticultural Flora of South eastern Australia Volume 3 Flowering Plants Dicotyledons Part 2 the Identification of Garden and Cultivated Plants UNSW Press p 231 ISBN 978 0 86840 660 2 Retrieved 9 May 2013 John Claudius Loudon ed 1828 The Gardener s Magazine Longman Rees Orome Brown and Green p 189 Retrieved 9 May 2013 Lee Sidney ed 1891 Humphry Ozias Dictionary of National Biography Vol 28 London Smith Elder amp Co Lee Sidney ed 1892 Jones George 1786 1869 Dictionary of National Biography Vol 30 London Smith Elder amp Co William Sandby The History of the Royal Academy of Arts from its Foundation in 1768 to the Present Time vol 2 1862 p 39 archive org Robert Wright 1864 The Life of Major General James Wolfe founded on Original Documents and illustrated by his Correspondence Mit 1 Portrat Chapman and Hall p xv Retrieved 9 May 2013 Armand Levy Henri Heuland 1837 Description d une collection de Mineraux trois volumes avec un atlas de 83 planches Richter p i Retrieved 9 May 2013 Albert Carl Ludwig Gotthilf The History of the Collections contained in the Natural history Departments of the British Museum vol 1 1904 pp 431 2 archive org Sir Humphry Davy 1840 The Collected Works of Sir Humphry Davy Discourses delivered before the Royal society Elements of agricultural chemistry pt I Smith Elder and Company p 215 Retrieved 9 May 2013 William Phillips Robert Allan Francis Alger 1844 An Elementary Treatise on Mineralogy Comprising an Introduction to the Science W D Ticknor amp Company pp 138 9 Retrieved 9 May 2013 American Journal of Science The First Scientific Journal in the United States Devoted to the Geological Sciences and to Related Fields Laboratory 1866 p 420 ISBN 9780371129104 Retrieved 9 May 2013 s Page Alumni Oxoniensis 1715 1886 volume 4 djvu 240 John Burke 1836 A Genealogical and Heraldic History of the Commoners of Great Britain and Ireland Enjoying Territorial Possessions Or High Official Rank But Uninvested with Heritable Honours Henry Colburn p 183 Retrieved 9 May 2013 Edward Cave John Nichols 1867 The Gentleman s Magazine and Historical Chronicle for the Year Edw Cave 1736 1868 p 121 Retrieved 9 May 2013 Baigent Elizabeth Wigram Woolmore Oxford Dictionary of National Biography online ed Oxford University Press doi 10 1093 ref odnb 36891 Subscription or UK public library membership required John Burke 1833 A General and Heraldic Dictionary of the Peerage and Baronetage of the British Empire H Colburn and R Bentley p 616 Retrieved 9 May 2013 The British Magazine and Monthly Register of Religious and Ecclesiastical Information Parochial History and Documents Respecting the State of the Poor Progress of Education amp c J Turrill 1837 p 589 Retrieved 9 May 2013 Legacies of British Slave ownership Rev Thomas Staniforth External links EditRooksnest on an 1874 map of Surrey Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Charles Turner merchant amp oldid 1125767361, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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