The Case–Church Amendment was legislation attached to a bill funding the U.S. State Department. It was approved by the U.S. Congress in June 1973 and prohibited further U.S. military activity in Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia unless the president secured Congressional approval in advance.[1] This ended direct U.S. military involvement in the Vietnam War, although the U.S. continued to provide military equipment and economic support to the South Vietnamese government. It is named for its principal co-sponsors, Senators Clifford P. Case (R–NJ) and Frank Church (D–ID).
Case–Church Amendment
Other short titles
Case–Church Amendment of 1973
Long title
A joint resolution making continuing appropriations for the fiscal year 1974, and for other purposes.
Reported by the joint conference committee on June 30, 1973; agreed to by the House on June 30, 1973 (266–75) and by the Senate on June 30, 1973 (agreed)
Signed into law by President Richard Nixon on July 1, 1973
The amendment was defeated 48–42 in the U.S. Senate in August 1972, but revived after the 1972 election. It was reintroduced on January 26, 1973 and approved by the Senate Foreign Relations Committee on May 13.[2] When it became apparent that the amendment would pass, President Richard Nixon and Secretary of State Henry Kissinger,[3] lobbied frantically to have the deadline extended.[4]
However, under pressure from the extreme scrutiny of Watergate, Republicans relented on support for South Vietnam, and the amendment passed the United States Congress in June 1973 by a margin of 325–86 in the House, 73–16 in the Senate.[5][6] Both of these margins for the amendment's passage were greater than the two-thirds majority required to override a presidential veto,[5] and Nixon signed it on July 1, 1973.
U.S. forces had been withdrawn from South Vietnam in March 1973 pursuant to the Paris Peace Accords.[citation needed] U.S. bombing had ended on January 28 in Vietnam and on April 17 in Laos, though bombing remained heavy in Cambodia.[citation needed] All US combat operations in Southeast Asia ended on the August 15, 1973 deadline set by the amendment except for airlift support in Cambodia.[7]
^Madden, Richard L. (June 15, 1973). "Sweeping cutoff of funds for war is voted in Senate". The New York Times.
^Bresler, Jon, "A Precedent for Cutting Funding and Ending the War in Iraq"
^Prados, John. Vietnam: The History of an Unwinnable War, 1945–1975. University Press of Kansas, 2009, p. 529.
^Karnow, Stanley Vietnam: A History, p. 671. (1991).
^ ab"The Vietnam War The Bitter End 1969 - 1975 (timeline)". The history place. Retrieved September 5, 2006.
^Peters, Gerhard; Woolley, John T. "Richard Nixon: "Statement on Signing the Second Supplemental and Continuing Appropriations Bills.," July 1, 1973". The American Presidency Project. University of California - Santa Barbara. Retrieved October 16, 2013.
^Rowley, Ralph A (2013). Close Air Support In Vietnam. Lulu.com. p. 28. ISBN978-1-939335-12-8.
January 01, 1970
case, church, amendment, legislation, attached, bill, funding, state, department, approved, congress, june, 1973, prohibited, further, military, activity, vietnam, laos, cambodia, unless, president, secured, congressional, approval, advance, this, ended, direc. The Case Church Amendment was legislation attached to a bill funding the U S State Department It was approved by the U S Congress in June 1973 and prohibited further U S military activity in Vietnam Laos and Cambodia unless the president secured Congressional approval in advance 1 This ended direct U S military involvement in the Vietnam War although the U S continued to provide military equipment and economic support to the South Vietnamese government It is named for its principal co sponsors Senators Clifford P Case R NJ and Frank Church D ID Case Church AmendmentOther short titlesCase Church Amendment of 1973Long titleA joint resolution making continuing appropriations for the fiscal year 1974 and for other purposes Enacted bythe 93rd United States CongressEffectiveJuly 1 1973CitationsPublic law93 52Statutes at Large87 Stat 130CodificationTitles amended22 U S C Foreign Relations and IntercourseU S C sections amended22 U S C ch 32 2151 2751Legislative historyIntroduced in the House as H J Res 636 by George H Mahon D TX on June 25 1973Committee consideration by House Appropriations Senate AppropriationsPassed the House on June 26 1973 325 86 Passed the Senate on June 29 1973 73 16 Reported by the joint conference committee on June 30 1973 agreed to by the House on June 30 1973 266 75 and by the Senate on June 30 1973 agreed Signed into law by President Richard Nixon on July 1 1973 The amendment was defeated 48 42 in the U S Senate in August 1972 but revived after the 1972 election It was reintroduced on January 26 1973 and approved by the Senate Foreign Relations Committee on May 13 2 When it became apparent that the amendment would pass President Richard Nixon and Secretary of State Henry Kissinger 3 lobbied frantically to have the deadline extended 4 However under pressure from the extreme scrutiny of Watergate Republicans relented on support for South Vietnam and the amendment passed the United States Congress in June 1973 by a margin of 325 86 in the House 73 16 in the Senate 5 6 Both of these margins for the amendment s passage were greater than the two thirds majority required to override a presidential veto 5 and Nixon signed it on July 1 1973 U S forces had been withdrawn from South Vietnam in March 1973 pursuant to the Paris Peace Accords citation needed U S bombing had ended on January 28 in Vietnam and on April 17 in Laos though bombing remained heavy in Cambodia citation needed All US combat operations in Southeast Asia ended on the August 15 1973 deadline set by the amendment except for airlift support in Cambodia 7 See also editFall of Saigon Opposition to the Vietnam WarReferences edit Madden Richard L June 15 1973 Sweeping cutoff of funds for war is voted in Senate The New York Times Bresler Jon A Precedent for Cutting Funding and Ending the War in Iraq Prados John Vietnam The History of an Unwinnable War 1945 1975 University Press of Kansas 2009 p 529 Karnow Stanley Vietnam A History p 671 1991 a b The Vietnam War The Bitter End 1969 1975 timeline The history place Retrieved September 5 2006 Peters Gerhard Woolley John T Richard Nixon Statement on Signing the Second Supplemental and Continuing Appropriations Bills July 1 1973 The American Presidency Project University of California Santa Barbara Retrieved October 16 2013 Rowley Ralph A 2013 Close Air Support In Vietnam Lulu com p 28 ISBN 978 1 939335 12 8 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Case Church Amendment amp oldid 1223443980, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
