Cardanol is a phenolic lipid obtained from anacardic acid, the main component of cashew nutshell liquid (CNSL), a byproduct of cashew nut processing. Cardanol finds use in the chemical industry in resins, coatings, frictional materials, and surfactants used as pigment dispersants for water-based inks. It is used to make phenalkamines, which are used as curing agents for the durable epoxy coatings used on concrete floors.[1] The name of the substance is derived by contraction from the genus Anacardium, which includes the cashew tree, Anacardium occidentale. The name of the genus itself is based on the Greek word for heart.[2]
Friction particles are made by polymerizing the unsaturated side chain of cardanol, followed by cross-polymerization with formaldehyde to yield a cardanol-formaldehyde resin by a process analogous to the formation of phenol-formaldehyde resins such as Bakelite. Cardanol-phenol resins were developed in the 1920s by Mortimer T. Harvey, then a student at Columbia University. These resins found use in vehicle brakes after it was found that they had a coefficient of friction that was less sensitive to temperature changes than phenol-formaldehyde resins.[1]
Despite all these uses, only a fraction of the cardanol obtained from cashew nut processing is used in the industrial field. Therefore, there is still interest in developing new applications, such as new polymers.[3]
The name cardanol is used for the decarboxylated derivatives obtained by thermal decomposition of any of the naturally occurring anacardic acids. This includes more than one compound because the composition of the side chain varies in its degree of unsaturation. Tri-unsaturated cardanol, the major component (41%) is shown below. The remaining cardanol is 34% mono-unsaturated, 22% bi-unsaturated, and 2% saturated.[4]
In terms of physical properties, cardanol is comparable to nonylphenol. Cardanol is hydrophobic and remains flexible and liquid at very low temperatures;[5] its freezing point is below −20 °C, it has a density of 0.930 g/mL, and boils at 225 °C under reduced pressure (10 mmHg).[6] CAS registry number: 37330-39-5.
Recently, it has been demonstrated that cardanol can be used for formation of eco-design of biobased polymeric microcapsules for pesticidal applications with potential to further extended for drugs, self-healing agents, catalysts, etc.[7]
^Senning A (2006). Elsevier's Dictionary of Chemoetymology. Elsevier. ISBN978-0-444-52239-9.
^Ikeda R, Tanaka H, Uyama H, Kobayashi S (2000). "A new crosslinkable polyphenol from a renewable resource". Macromolecular Rapid Communications. 21 (8): 496–499. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1521-3927(20000501)21:8<496::AID-MARC496>3.0.CO;2-G.
^Scott G (2003). Degradable Polymers: Principles and Applications. Springer. pp. 192–194. ISBN978-1-4020-0790-3.
^. Archived from the original on 2009-09-23. Retrieved 2008-09-08.
^US 2098824, Harvey MT, "Process of destructively distilling cashew nut shell liquid", issued 1 November
^Rahul Kishore Hedaoo and Vikas Vitthal Gite, Renewable resource-based polymeric microencapsulation of natural pesticide and its release study: an alternative green approach, RSC Adv., 2014, 4, 18637
January 10, 2024
cardanol, phenolic, lipid, obtained, from, anacardic, acid, main, component, cashew, nutshell, liquid, cnsl, byproduct, cashew, processing, finds, chemical, industry, resins, coatings, frictional, materials, surfactants, used, pigment, dispersants, water, base. Cardanol is a phenolic lipid obtained from anacardic acid the main component of cashew nutshell liquid CNSL a byproduct of cashew nut processing Cardanol finds use in the chemical industry in resins coatings frictional materials and surfactants used as pigment dispersants for water based inks It is used to make phenalkamines which are used as curing agents for the durable epoxy coatings used on concrete floors 1 The name of the substance is derived by contraction from the genus Anacardium which includes the cashew tree Anacardium occidentale The name of the genus itself is based on the Greek word for heart 2 General formula for cardanolsCardanolExample chemical structure of a cardanolIdentifiersCAS Number37330 39 5 NChemSpidernoneUNII4TB1UYZ2LNChEMBLChEMBL470680 NCompTox Dashboard EPA DTXSID50872870ECHA InfoCard100 113 432Chemical and physical dataFormulaR C15H31 n n 0 2 4 6 N Y what is this verify Friction particles are made by polymerizing the unsaturated side chain of cardanol followed by cross polymerization with formaldehyde to yield a cardanol formaldehyde resin by a process analogous to the formation of phenol formaldehyde resins such as Bakelite Cardanol phenol resins were developed in the 1920s by Mortimer T Harvey then a student at Columbia University These resins found use in vehicle brakes after it was found that they had a coefficient of friction that was less sensitive to temperature changes than phenol formaldehyde resins 1 Despite all these uses only a fraction of the cardanol obtained from cashew nut processing is used in the industrial field Therefore there is still interest in developing new applications such as new polymers 3 The name cardanol is used for the decarboxylated derivatives obtained by thermal decomposition of any of the naturally occurring anacardic acids This includes more than one compound because the composition of the side chain varies in its degree of unsaturation Tri unsaturated cardanol the major component 41 is shown below The remaining cardanol is 34 mono unsaturated 22 bi unsaturated and 2 saturated 4 In terms of physical properties cardanol is comparable to nonylphenol Cardanol is hydrophobic and remains flexible and liquid at very low temperatures 5 its freezing point is below 20 C it has a density of 0 930 g mL and boils at 225 C under reduced pressure 10 mmHg 6 CAS registry number 37330 39 5 Recently it has been demonstrated that cardanol can be used for formation of eco design of biobased polymeric microcapsules for pesticidal applications with potential to further extended for drugs self healing agents catalysts etc 7 References edit a b Tullo AH September 8 2008 A Nutty Chemical Chemical and Engineering News 86 36 26 27 doi 10 1021 cen v086n036 p026 Senning A 2006 Elsevier s Dictionary of Chemoetymology Elsevier ISBN 978 0 444 52239 9 Ikeda R Tanaka H Uyama H Kobayashi S 2000 A new crosslinkable polyphenol from a renewable resource Macromolecular Rapid Communications 21 8 496 499 doi 10 1002 SICI 1521 3927 20000501 21 8 lt 496 AID MARC496 gt 3 0 CO 2 G Scott G 2003 Degradable Polymers Principles and Applications Springer pp 192 194 ISBN 978 1 4020 0790 3 Cardolite product overview Archived from the original on 2009 09 23 Retrieved 2008 09 08 US 2098824 Harvey MT Process of destructively distilling cashew nut shell liquid issued 1 November Rahul Kishore Hedaoo and Vikas Vitthal Gite Renewable resource based polymeric microencapsulation of natural pesticide and its release study an alternative green approach RSC Adv 2014 4 18637 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Cardanol amp oldid 1070897244, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
