Carbon-based fuel is any fuel principally from the oxidation or burning of carbon. Carbon-based fuels are of two main kinds, biofuels and fossil fuels. Whereas biofuels are derived from recent-growth organic matter[1] and are typically harvested, as with logging of forests and cutting of corn, fossil fuels are of prehistoric origin[2] and are extracted from the ground, the principal fossil fuels being oil, coal, and natural gas.
From an economic policy perspective, an important distinction between biofuels and fossil fuels is that only the former is sustainable or renewable.
Whereas we can continue to obtain energy from biofuels indefinitely in principle, the Earth's reserves of fossil fuels was determined millions of years ago[3] and is therefore fixed as far as our foreseeable future is concerned. The great variability in the ease of extraction of fossil fuels however makes its endgame scenario one of increasing prices over one or more centuries rather than of abrupt exhaustion.[4]
From the perspective of climate and ecology, biofuels and fossil fuels have in common that they contribute to the production of atmospheric carbon dioxide, which has emerged in recent decades as the fastest-changing greenhouse gas, whose principal impacts are global warming and ocean acidification. However biofuels actively participate in the carbon cycle today by photosynthesizing carbon dioxide, unlike fossil fuels whose participation was long ago, and can therefore in principle bring atmospheric CO2 into an equilibrium not possible with the continued use of fossil fuel. But in practice photosynthesis is a slow process, and the additional fuel produced by artificial methods of accelerating it such as application of fertilizer tends to be offset by the energy consumed by the accelerating processes,[5] to a degree currently under active debate.[6] In contrast the speed of photosynthesis is immaterial for fossil fuels because they had millions of years in which to accumulate. Burning of both fossil fuels and biofuels usually also produces carbon monoxide, which is toxic and can kill a person after mixing with the haemoglobin of the blood, increasing its concentration in the body. Biofuels and fossil fuels may also produce many other air pollutants depending on the contents of the fuel.
Referencesedit
^Demirbas, A. . (2009). "Political, economic and environmental impacts of biofuels: A review". Applied Energy. 86: S108–S117. doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2009.04.036.
^Paul Mann, Lisa Gahagan, and Mark B. Gordon, "Tectonic setting of the world's giant oil and gas fields," in Michel T. Halbouty (ed.) Giant Oil and Gas Fields of the Decade, 1990-1999, Tulsa, Okla.: American Association of Petroleum Geologists, p.50, accessed 22 June 2009.
^Dr. Irene Novaczek. . Elements.nb.ca. Archived from the original on 2019-09-04. Retrieved 2007-01-18.
^(PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2009-12-15. Retrieved 2009-11-28.
^National Biodiesel Board response to Pimentel May 18, 2008, at the Wayback Machine
External linksedit
"The Coming Energy Crisis?" 2020-11-27 at the Wayback Machine - essay by James L. Williams of WTRG Economics and A. F. Alhajji of Ohio Northern University
-- Natural gas requires the least water to produce energy, some biofuels the most, according to a new study.
- European Union Biofuels Standardization
International Energy Agency: Biofuels for Transport - An International Perspective
January 01, 1970
carbon, based, fuel, fuel, principally, from, oxidation, burning, carbon, main, kinds, biofuels, fossil, fuels, whereas, biofuels, derived, from, recent, growth, organic, matter, typically, harvested, with, logging, forests, cutting, corn, fossil, fuels, prehi. Carbon based fuel is any fuel principally from the oxidation or burning of carbon Carbon based fuels are of two main kinds biofuels and fossil fuels Whereas biofuels are derived from recent growth organic matter 1 and are typically harvested as with logging of forests and cutting of corn fossil fuels are of prehistoric origin 2 and are extracted from the ground the principal fossil fuels being oil coal and natural gas From an economic policy perspective an important distinction between biofuels and fossil fuels is that only the former is sustainable or renewable Whereas we can continue to obtain energy from biofuels indefinitely in principle the Earth s reserves of fossil fuels was determined millions of years ago 3 and is therefore fixed as far as our foreseeable future is concerned The great variability in the ease of extraction of fossil fuels however makes its endgame scenario one of increasing prices over one or more centuries rather than of abrupt exhaustion 4 From the perspective of climate and ecology biofuels and fossil fuels have in common that they contribute to the production of atmospheric carbon dioxide which has emerged in recent decades as the fastest changing greenhouse gas whose principal impacts are global warming and ocean acidification However biofuels actively participate in the carbon cycle today by photosynthesizing carbon dioxide unlike fossil fuels whose participation was long ago and can therefore in principle bring atmospheric CO2 into an equilibrium not possible with the continued use of fossil fuel But in practice photosynthesis is a slow process and the additional fuel produced by artificial methods of accelerating it such as application of fertilizer tends to be offset by the energy consumed by the accelerating processes 5 to a degree currently under active debate 6 In contrast the speed of photosynthesis is immaterial for fossil fuels because they had millions of years in which to accumulate Burning of both fossil fuels and biofuels usually also produces carbon monoxide which is toxic and can kill a person after mixing with the haemoglobin of the blood increasing its concentration in the body Biofuels and fossil fuels may also produce many other air pollutants depending on the contents of the fuel References edit Demirbas A 2009 Political economic and environmental impacts of biofuels A review Applied Energy 86 S108 S117 doi 10 1016 j apenergy 2009 04 036 Paul Mann Lisa Gahagan and Mark B Gordon Tectonic setting of the world s giant oil and gas fields in Michel T Halbouty ed Giant Oil and Gas Fields of the Decade 1990 1999 Tulsa Okla American Association of Petroleum Geologists p 50 accessed 22 June 2009 Dr Irene Novaczek Canada s Fossil Fuel Dependency Elements nb ca Archived from the original on 2019 09 04 Retrieved 2007 01 18 Microsoft Word NETL Final Report 2 05 doc PDF Archived from the original PDF on 2009 12 15 Retrieved 2009 11 28 Pimentel Patzek report Archived 2007 08 09 at the Wayback Machine National Biodiesel Board response to Pimentel Archived May 18 2008 at the Wayback MachineExternal links editThe Report of the National Advisory Panel on Sustainable Energy Science and Technology Chapter 5 Carbon Based Fuels The Coming Energy Crisis Archived 2020 11 27 at the Wayback Machine essay by James L Williams of WTRG Economics and A F Alhajji of Ohio Northern University Powering the Future Michael Parfit National Geographic Federal Fossil Fuel Subsidies and Greenhouse Gas Emissions Fossil Fuel Subsidies in Europe Biofuels at Curlie Alternative Fueling Station Locator EERE BioenergyWiki Archived 2007 01 29 at the Wayback Machine a wiki on biofuels and related subjects including bioenergy sustainability How Much Water Does It Take to Make Electricity Natural gas requires the least water to produce energy some biofuels the most according to a new study International Conference on Biofuels Standards European Union Biofuels Standardization International Energy Agency Biofuels for Transport An International Perspective Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Carbon based fuel amp oldid 1185157747, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
