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French press

April 10, 2024

This article is about the coffee brewing device. For other uses, see French press (disambiguation).
Not to be confused with French drip.
"Cafetière" redirects here. For the food service location also called canteen, see Cafeteria.

A French press, also known as a cafetière, cafetière à piston, caffettiera a stantuffo, press pot, coffee press, or coffee plunger, is a coffee brewing device, although it can also be used for other tasks. The earliest known device was patented in 1852 in France by Jacques-Victor Delforge and Henri-Otto Mayer.

A French press

Name edit

In English, the device is known in North America as a French press or coffee press; in Britain and Ireland as a cafetière, after the brand, La Cafetière; in New Zealand, Australia,[1] and South Africa[2] as a coffee plunger, and coffee brewed in it as plunger coffee. In Italian, it is known as a caffettiera a stantuffo;[3] in German as a Pressstempelkanne,[4]Stempelkanne ("stamp pot"), Stabfilterkanne, Kaffeepresse ("coffee press") or Bistrokanne; in French as cafetière à piston,[5][6] or simply as cafetière (also the usage in Dutch),[7] though some speakers might also use genericized trademarks, such as Melior or Bodum.

Design history edit

 
Mayer & Delforge's 1852 patent

Over the years, the French press has undergone several design modifications. The first coffee press, which may have been made in France, was the modern coffee press in its rudimentary form—a metal or cheesecloth screen fitted to a rod that users would press into a pot of hot water and coffee grounds. In 1852, two Frenchmen, a Paris metalsmith and a merchant,[8] Henri-Otto Mayer and Jacques-Victor Delforge,[9] patented a forerunner of the French press, that did not create a seal around the filter.[10] A patent was filed by a Frenchman, Marcel-Pierre Paquet dit Jolbert, officially published on 5 August 1924.

In 1928,[11] a coffee press was created by Milanese designers Giulio Moneta[12] and Attilio Calimani which had a spring to seal the filter, and patented it in the United States in 1929.[13] It underwent several design modifications through Faliero Bondanini, who patented his own version in 1958 and manufactured it in French clarinet factory Martin SA under the brand name Melior.[14] Its popularity may have been aided in 1965 by its use in the Michael Caine film The Ipcress File.[15] The device was litigated and further popularized across Europe by Melior-Martin, a French company, Household Articles Ltd. (La Cafetiere), a British company, and Bodum (Chambord), a Danish tableware and kitchenware company.[16][17][18][19]

The modern French press consists of a narrow cylindrical beaker, usually made of glass or clear plastic, equipped with a metal or plastic lid and plunger that fits tightly in the cylinder and has a fine stainless steel wire or nylon mesh filter.

Operation edit

Preparation of a cup of coffee with a French press

Coffee is brewed by placing coarsely ground coffee in the empty beaker and adding hot water, 93–96 °C (199–205 °F), in proportions of about 30 g (1.1 oz) of coffee grounds to 500 ml (17 US fl oz) of water, more or less to taste. After brewing, the plunger is depressed, holding down the coffee grounds while the coffee is served.

A French press works best with coffee of a coarser grind, about the consistency of cooking salt.[20] Finer coffee grounds, when immersed in water, have lower permeability, requiring an excessive amount of force to be applied by hand to lower the plunger and are more likely to seep through or around the perimeter of the press filter and into the coffee drink.[21] Additionally, finer grounds will tend to over-extract and cause the coffee to taste bitter.[20]

Some writers give the optimal time for brewing as around four minutes.[22] Other approaches, such as cold brewing, require several hours of contact between the water and the grounds to achieve the desired extraction.

Plunging slowly prevents accidental scalding of the brewer and is purported to maximize the extraction of the oils and flavonoids from the ground bean.[23] The mesh piston normally does not compress the coffee grounds, as most designs leave a generous space—about 30 mm (1.2 in)—below the piston in its lowest position. If the brewed coffee is allowed to remain in the beaker with the used grounds, the coffee may become astringent and bitter, though this is an effect that some users[who?] of the French press consider desirable.

  •  
    Piston separated from the beaker
  •  
    Bottom side of the mesh
  •  
    Upper side of the mesh

Variations edit

 
A French press made of stainless steel

French presses are more portable and self-contained than other coffee makers. Travel mug versions exist, which are made of tough plastic instead of the more common glass, and have a sealed lid with a closable drinking hole. Some versions are marketed to hikers and backpackers not wishing to carry a heavy, metal percolator or a filter using drip brew.

Other versions include stainless steel, insulated presses designed to keep the coffee hot, similar in design to thermos flasks. Coffee filters commonly used in South Indian households are a stainless steel version but without insulation. The decant known as decoction is mixed immediately with milk and sugar to make kaapi.

One variation also called "French pull" or "reverse French press" uses a pull-design: the coffee grounds are placed in a mesh basket, which is then pulled into the lid after brewing, trapping the grounds out of the coffee. Others produce a similar effect by having shutters that can be closed via the top of the press, sealing the grounds off from the coffee entirely. French presses are also sometimes used to make cold brew coffee.

Another variation using a basket to hold the coffee grounds is called "American press", where the hot water is filled in first and then the basket is slowly pushed down (and sometimes also pulled up again) through the water column.

An all-in-one French press consists of a heating element that can receive its power from a 12-volt power source.[24]

Other uses edit

In the same way as coffee, a French press can also be used in place of a tea infuser to brew loose tea. To some extent the tea will continue to steep even after the plunger is depressed, which may cause the tea remaining in the press to become bitter. It might thus be advisable to decant the tea into a serving vessel after preparation. The same French press should not be used for both tea and coffee unless thoroughly cleaned, as coffee residue may spoil the flavor of the tea. However, this method is more suitable for light teas and is not suitable for Indian Chai (which must be boiled) or Chinese tea (which tends to be diffused for a long time, with tea leaves reused as a rule).[25]

A French press can also be used for straining broth from shellfish or other ingredients.[26]

Further reading edit

  • Urgert, R.; Meyboom, S.; Kuilman, M.; Rexwinkel, H.; Vissers, M. N.; Klerk, M.; Katan, M. B. (1996-11-30). "Comparison of effect of cafetiere and filtered coffee on serum concentrations of liver aminotransferases and lipids: six month randomised controlled trial". BMJ. 313 (7069): 1362–1366. doi:10.1136/bmj.313.7069.1362. PMC 2352912. PMID 8956701. Retrieved 2023-05-02.
  • . Galla Coffee. Archived from the original on 2017-12-22. Retrieved 2023-05-02.
  • Zhang, Chen; Linforth, Robert; Fisk, Ian D. (November 2012). "Cafestol extraction yield from different coffee brew mechanisms" (PDF). Food Research International. 49 (1): 27–31. doi:10.1016/j.foodres.2012.06.032. S2CID 56221623. Retrieved 2023-05-02.

References edit

  1. ^ "Plunger / French Press Brew Guide". Code Black Coffee. 2020-10-06. Retrieved 2023-05-02.
  2. ^ "French Press / Coffee Plunger". Buna Coffee. Retrieved 2023-05-02.
  3. ^ it:caffettiera a stantuffo
  4. ^ de:Pressstempelkanne
  5. ^ "Cafetière à piston, mode d'emploi pour de délicieux cafés". Blog (in French). But.fr. 2020-10-06. Retrieved 2023-05-02.
  6. ^ fr:cafetière à piston
  7. ^ nl:cafetière
  8. ^ Engber, Daniel (2014-05-30). "Who Made That French Press?". The New York Times. Retrieved 2023-05-02.
  9. ^ "Was French Press Coffee Really Invented in France?". World Goo. 2018-11-29. Retrieved 2023-05-02.
  10. ^ Pavlovich, Sasha (2021-10-13). "10 Best French Press Coffee Makers Reviewed. Detailed Guide!". CoffeeHow. Retrieved 2023-05-02.
  11. ^ "The Birth of the French Press". Sheldrake Coffee Roasting. Retrieved 2023-05-02.
  12. ^ "I sistemi di estrazione del Caffè seconda parte". fibsardegna.com. Retrieved 2023-05-02. Furono, infatti, Attilio Calimani e Giulio Moneta nel 1929 ad aggiungere la molla elicoidale per fare aderire il filtro al corpo della caffettiera in vetro, e Bruno Cassol a rivestire il filtro di un'ulteriore rete metallica, come ai giorni nostri.
  13. ^ Apparatus for preparing infusions, particularly for preparing coffee Google Patents
  14. ^ (PDF). Melior Line. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-12-02.
  15. ^ Jeffreys, Henry (2015-02-20). "The coffee house: beating heart of a city". The Guardian.
  16. ^ "The History Of The French Coffee Press". Alternative Brewing. Retrieved 2023-05-02.
  17. ^ "Bodum, Chambord French Press Coffeemaker". Museum of Danish America. Retrieved 2023-05-02.
  18. ^ "French Press History". The Cooking World. Retrieved 2023-05-02.
  19. ^ "History of the cafetiére". retrowow.co.uk. Retrieved 2023-05-02.
  20. ^ a b Brew Perfect French Press Coffee with this Recipe - Crema.co, retrieved 2017-04-10
  21. ^ Millman, China (2009-04-23). "Freshen Up; Manual Brewing Techniques Give Coffee Lovers a Better Way to Make a Quality Drink". Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. Retrieved 2009-06-16.
  22. ^ Rinsky, Laura Halpin (2008). The Pastry Chef's Companion. John Wiley & Sons. p. 119. ISBN 978-0-470-00955-0.
  23. ^ "Coffee Science: How to Make the Best French Press Coffee at Home". Serious Eats. Retrieved 2023-05-02.
  24. ^ "French press using solar power". CNET.
  25. ^ Tong, Liu (2010-06-01). Chinese tea - the definitive guide (2nd ed.). Beijing: China Intercontinental Press. ISBN 978-7-50851667-7.
  26. ^ Bilow, Rochelle (2015-05-09). "Why You Should Be Making Broth in Your French Press". Bon Appétit. Retrieved 2019-05-29.

External links edit

  • Cafetière à Piston Presse Française - Melior
 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to French presses.
  •   The dictionary definition of French press at Wiktionary

April 10, 2024
french, press, this, article, about, coffee, brewing, device, other, uses, disambiguation, confused, with, french, drip, cafetière, redirects, here, food, service, location, also, called, canteen, cafeteria, also, known, cafetière, cafetière, piston, caffettie. This article is about the coffee brewing device For other uses see French press disambiguation Not to be confused with French drip Cafetiere redirects here For the food service location also called canteen see Cafeteria A French press also known as a cafetiere cafetiere a piston caffettiera a stantuffo press pot coffee press or coffee plunger is a coffee brewing device although it can also be used for other tasks The earliest known device was patented in 1852 in France by Jacques Victor Delforge and Henri Otto Mayer A French press Contents 1 Name 2 Design history 3 Operation 4 Variations 5 Other uses 6 Further reading 7 References 8 External linksName editIn English the device is known in North America as a French press or coffee press in Britain and Ireland as a cafetiere after the brand La Cafetiere in New Zealand Australia 1 and South Africa 2 as a coffee plunger and coffee brewed in it as plunger coffee In Italian it is known as a caffettiera a stantuffo 3 in German as a Pressstempelkanne 4 Stempelkanne stamp pot Stabfilterkanne Kaffeepresse coffee press or Bistrokanne in French as cafetiere a piston 5 6 or simply as cafetiere also the usage in Dutch 7 though some speakers might also use genericized trademarks such as Melior or Bodum Design history edit nbsp Mayer amp Delforge s 1852 patentOver the years the French press has undergone several design modifications The first coffee press which may have been made in France was the modern coffee press in its rudimentary form a metal or cheesecloth screen fitted to a rod that users would press into a pot of hot water and coffee grounds In 1852 two Frenchmen a Paris metalsmith and a merchant 8 Henri Otto Mayer and Jacques Victor Delforge 9 patented a forerunner of the French press that did not create a seal around the filter 10 A patent was filed by a Frenchman Marcel Pierre Paquet dit Jolbert officially published on 5 August 1924 In 1928 11 a coffee press was created by Milanese designers Giulio Moneta 12 and Attilio Calimani which had a spring to seal the filter and patented it in the United States in 1929 13 It underwent several design modifications through Faliero Bondanini who patented his own version in 1958 and manufactured it in French clarinet factory Martin SA under the brand name Melior 14 Its popularity may have been aided in 1965 by its use in the Michael Caine film The Ipcress File 15 The device was litigated and further popularized across Europe by Melior Martin a French company Household Articles Ltd La Cafetiere a British company and Bodum Chambord a Danish tableware and kitchenware company 16 17 18 19 The modern French press consists of a narrow cylindrical beaker usually made of glass or clear plastic equipped with a metal or plastic lid and plunger that fits tightly in the cylinder and has a fine stainless steel wire or nylon mesh filter Operation edit source source source source source Preparation of a cup of coffee with a French pressCoffee is brewed by placing coarsely ground coffee in the empty beaker and adding hot water 93 96 C 199 205 F in proportions of about 30 g 1 1 oz of coffee grounds to 500 ml 17 US fl oz of water more or less to taste After brewing the plunger is depressed holding down the coffee grounds while the coffee is served A French press works best with coffee of a coarser grind about the consistency of cooking salt 20 Finer coffee grounds when immersed in water have lower permeability requiring an excessive amount of force to be applied by hand to lower the plunger and are more likely to seep through or around the perimeter of the press filter and into the coffee drink 21 Additionally finer grounds will tend to over extract and cause the coffee to taste bitter 20 Some writers give the optimal time for brewing as around four minutes 22 Other approaches such as cold brewing require several hours of contact between the water and the grounds to achieve the desired extraction Plunging slowly prevents accidental scalding of the brewer and is purported to maximize the extraction of the oils and flavonoids from the ground bean 23 The mesh piston normally does not compress the coffee grounds as most designs leave a generous space about 30 mm 1 2 in below the piston in its lowest position If the brewed coffee is allowed to remain in the beaker with the used grounds the coffee may become astringent and bitter though this is an effect that some users who of the French press consider desirable nbsp Piston separated from the beaker nbsp Bottom side of the mesh nbsp Upper side of the meshVariations edit nbsp A French press made of stainless steelFrench presses are more portable and self contained than other coffee makers Travel mug versions exist which are made of tough plastic instead of the more common glass and have a sealed lid with a closable drinking hole Some versions are marketed to hikers and backpackers not wishing to carry a heavy metal percolator or a filter using drip brew Other versions include stainless steel insulated presses designed to keep the coffee hot similar in design to thermos flasks Coffee filters commonly used in South Indian households are a stainless steel version but without insulation The decant known as decoction is mixed immediately with milk and sugar to make kaapi One variation also called French pull or reverse French press uses a pull design the coffee grounds are placed in a mesh basket which is then pulled into the lid after brewing trapping the grounds out of the coffee Others produce a similar effect by having shutters that can be closed via the top of the press sealing the grounds off from the coffee entirely French presses are also sometimes used to make cold brew coffee Another variation using a basket to hold the coffee grounds is called American press where the hot water is filled in first and then the basket is slowly pushed down and sometimes also pulled up again through the water column An all in one French press consists of a heating element that can receive its power from a 12 volt power source 24 Other uses editIn the same way as coffee a French press can also be used in place of a tea infuser to brew loose tea To some extent the tea will continue to steep even after the plunger is depressed which may cause the tea remaining in the press to become bitter It might thus be advisable to decant the tea into a serving vessel after preparation The same French press should not be used for both tea and coffee unless thoroughly cleaned as coffee residue may spoil the flavor of the tea However this method is more suitable for light teas and is not suitable for Indian Chai which must be boiled or Chinese tea which tends to be diffused for a long time with tea leaves reused as a rule 25 A French press can also be used for straining broth from shellfish or other ingredients 26 Further reading editUrgert R Meyboom S Kuilman M Rexwinkel H Vissers M N Klerk M Katan M B 1996 11 30 Comparison of effect of cafetiere and filtered coffee on serum concentrations of liver aminotransferases and lipids six month randomised controlled trial BMJ 313 7069 1362 1366 doi 10 1136 bmj 313 7069 1362 PMC 2352912 PMID 8956701 Retrieved 2023 05 02 History of the Cafetiere Galla Coffee Archived from the original on 2017 12 22 Retrieved 2023 05 02 Zhang Chen Linforth Robert Fisk Ian D November 2012 Cafestol extraction yield from different coffee brew mechanisms PDF Food Research International 49 1 27 31 doi 10 1016 j foodres 2012 06 032 S2CID 56221623 Retrieved 2023 05 02 References edit Plunger French Press Brew Guide Code Black Coffee 2020 10 06 Retrieved 2023 05 02 French Press Coffee Plunger Buna Coffee Retrieved 2023 05 02 it caffettiera a stantuffo de Pressstempelkanne Cafetiere a piston mode d emploi pour de delicieux cafes Blog in French But fr 2020 10 06 Retrieved 2023 05 02 fr cafetiere a piston nl cafetiere Engber Daniel 2014 05 30 Who Made That French Press The New York Times Retrieved 2023 05 02 Was French Press Coffee Really Invented in France World Goo 2018 11 29 Retrieved 2023 05 02 Pavlovich Sasha 2021 10 13 10 Best French Press Coffee Makers Reviewed Detailed Guide CoffeeHow Retrieved 2023 05 02 The Birth of the French Press Sheldrake Coffee Roasting Retrieved 2023 05 02 I sistemi di estrazione del Caffe seconda parte fibsardegna com Retrieved 2023 05 02 Furono infatti Attilio Calimani e Giulio Moneta nel 1929 ad aggiungere la molla elicoidale per fare aderire il filtro al corpo della caffettiera in vetro e Bruno Cassol a rivestire il filtro di un ulteriore rete metallica come ai giorni nostri Apparatus for preparing infusions particularly for preparing coffee Google Patents The Melior Way of Brewing Coffee and Tea PDF Melior Line Archived from the original PDF on 2016 12 02 Jeffreys Henry 2015 02 20 The coffee house beating heart of a city The Guardian The History Of The French Coffee Press Alternative Brewing Retrieved 2023 05 02 Bodum Chambord French Press Coffeemaker Museum of Danish America Retrieved 2023 05 02 French Press History The Cooking World Retrieved 2023 05 02 History of the cafetiere retrowow co uk Retrieved 2023 05 02 a b Brew Perfect French Press Coffee with this Recipe Crema co retrieved 2017 04 10 Millman China 2009 04 23 Freshen Up Manual Brewing Techniques Give Coffee Lovers a Better Way to Make a Quality Drink Pittsburgh Post Gazette Retrieved 2009 06 16 Rinsky Laura Halpin 2008 The Pastry Chef s Companion John Wiley amp Sons p 119 ISBN 978 0 470 00955 0 Coffee Science How to Make the Best French Press Coffee at Home Serious Eats Retrieved 2023 05 02 French press using solar power CNET Tong Liu 2010 06 01 Chinese tea the definitive guide 2nd ed Beijing China Intercontinental Press ISBN 978 7 50851667 7 Bilow Rochelle 2015 05 09 Why You Should Be Making Broth in Your French Press Bon Appetit Retrieved 2019 05 29 External links edit nbsp Coffee portalCafetiere a Piston Presse Francaise Melior nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to wbr French presses nbsp The dictionary definition of French press at Wiktionary Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title French press amp oldid 1213999413, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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