The CIDOC CRM emerged from the CIDOC Documentation Standards Group[2] in the International Committee for Documentation of the International Council of Museums. Initially, until 1994, the work focused on developing an entity-relationship model for museum information, however, in 1996, the approach shifted to object-oriented modeling methodologies, resulting in the first "CIDOC Conceptual Reference Model (CRM)" in 1999. The process of standardizing the CIDOC CRM began in 2000 and was completed in 2006 with its acceptance as the ISO 21127 standard. The standard was updated and a revised edition was published in 2023.
Aimsedit
The overall aim of the CIDOC CRM is to provide a reference model and information standard that museums, and other cultural heritage institutions, can use to describe their collections, and related business entities, to improve information sharing.
The CIDOC Conceptual Reference Model (CRM) provides definitions and a formal structure for describing the implicit and explicit concepts and relationships used in cultural heritage documentation...to promote a shared understanding of cultural heritage information by providing a common and extensible semantic framework that any cultural heritage information can be mapped to. It is intended to be a common language for domain experts and implementers to formulate requirements for information systems and to serve as a guide for good practice of conceptual modelling. In this way, it can provide the "semantic glue" needed to mediate between different sources of cultural heritage information, such as that published by museums, libraries and archives.[3]
By adopting formal semantics for the CIDOC CRM, the pre-conditions for machine-to-machine interoperability and integration have been established. Thus, CIDOC CRM is well placed to become an important information standard and reference model for Semantic Web initiatives, and serves as a guide for data, or database, modeling more generally. Technically speaking, CIDOC CRM lends itself to software applications that extensively use XML and RDF.[4] Many cultural heritage institutions are investigating or building applications that use CIDOC CRM.[5]
Following the successful standardization of the CIDOC CRM, a new initiative, FRBRoo, was begun in 2006 to harmonize it with the Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records (FRBR). The aim of this initiative is to "provide a formal ontology intended to capture and represent the underlying semantics of bibliographic information and to facilitate the integration, mediation, and interchange of bibliographic and museum information."[6][7]
Ontologyedit
The "CIDOC object-oriented Conceptual Reference Model" (CRM) is a domain ontology, but includes its own version of an upper ontology.
includes title/identifier, place, era/period, time-span, and relationship to persistent items
Events
includes title/identifier, beginning/ending of existence, participants (people, either individually or in groups), creation/modification of things (physical or conceptional), and relationship to persistent items
Material Things
includes title/identifier, place, the information object the material thing carries, part-of relationships, and relationship to persistent items
Immaterial Things
includes title/identifier, information objects (propositional or symbolic), conceptional things, and part-of relationships
a physical or conceptional item that has a persistent identity recognized within the duration of its existence by its identification rather than by its continuity or by observation. A Persistent Item is comparable to an endurant.
Temporal Entity
includes events, eras/periods, and condition states which happen over a limited extent in time, and is disjoint with Persistent Item. A Temporal Entity is comparable to a perdurant.
Propositional Object
a set of statements about real or imaginary things.
Symbolic Object
a sign/symbol or an aggregation of signs/symbols.
CIDOC CRM Implementations and Systemsedit
The CIDOC CRM has been implemented in OWL DL as Erlangen CRM/OWL (ECRM)
^(PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2007-07-26. Retrieved 2007-06-09.
^. CIDOC. Archived from the original on 2013-10-21. Retrieved 2013-10-20.
^"Definition of the CIDOC Conceptual Reference Model, Version 5.0.4". CIDOC. November 2011.
Further readingedit
Doerr M., "The CIDOC CRM – An Ontological Approach to Semantic Interoperability of Metadata", AI Magazine, Volume.24, Number 3 pp. 75–92 (2003)
Martin Doerr, Dolores Iorizzo, The Dream of a Global Knowledge Network – A New Approach, ACM Journal for Computing and Cultural Heritage, Vol. 1, No. 1, Article 5, Publication date: June 2008
Martin Doerr, Nicholas Crofts: Electronic Communication on Diverse Data. The Role of the oo CIDOC Reference Modeldoi:10.1145/1367080.1367085
Regine Stein, Jürgen Gottschewski u.a.: Das CIDOC Conceptual Reference Model: Eine Hilfe für den Datenaustausch? Berlin, 2005 (German)
Görz, G.; Schiemann, B.; Oischinger, M.: An Implementation of the CIDOC Conceptual Reference Model (4.2.4) in OWL-DL); Proceedings CIDOC 2008 - The Digital Curation of Cultural Heritage
External linksedit
The CIDOC CRM Website
Erlangen CRM/OWL web site and OWL sources
February 15, 2024
cidoc, conceptual, reference, model, provides, extensible, ontology, concepts, information, cultural, heritage, museum, documentation, international, standard, 21127, 2023, controlled, exchange, cultural, heritage, information, galleries, libraries, archives, . The CIDOC Conceptual Reference Model CRM provides an extensible ontology for concepts and information in cultural heritage and museum documentation It is the international standard ISO 21127 2023 for the controlled exchange of cultural heritage information 1 Galleries libraries archives museums GLAMs and other cultural institutions are encouraged to use the CIDOC CRM to enhance accessibility to museum related information and knowledge Contents 1 History 2 Aims 3 Ontology 4 CIDOC CRM Implementations and Systems 5 References 6 Further reading 7 External linksHistory editThe CIDOC CRM emerged from the CIDOC Documentation Standards Group 2 in the International Committee for Documentation of the International Council of Museums Initially until 1994 the work focused on developing an entity relationship model for museum information however in 1996 the approach shifted to object oriented modeling methodologies resulting in the first CIDOC Conceptual Reference Model CRM in 1999 The process of standardizing the CIDOC CRM began in 2000 and was completed in 2006 with its acceptance as the ISO 21127 standard The standard was updated and a revised edition was published in 2023 Aims editThe overall aim of the CIDOC CRM is to provide a reference model and information standard that museums and other cultural heritage institutions can use to describe their collections and related business entities to improve information sharing The CIDOC Conceptual Reference Model CRM provides definitions and a formal structure for describing the implicit and explicit concepts and relationships used in cultural heritage documentation to promote a shared understanding of cultural heritage information by providing a common and extensible semantic framework that any cultural heritage information can be mapped to It is intended to be a common language for domain experts and implementers to formulate requirements for information systems and to serve as a guide for good practice of conceptual modelling In this way it can provide the semantic glue needed to mediate between different sources of cultural heritage information such as that published by museums libraries and archives 3 By adopting formal semantics for the CIDOC CRM the pre conditions for machine to machine interoperability and integration have been established Thus CIDOC CRM is well placed to become an important information standard and reference model for Semantic Web initiatives and serves as a guide for data or database modeling more generally Technically speaking CIDOC CRM lends itself to software applications that extensively use XML and RDF 4 Many cultural heritage institutions are investigating or building applications that use CIDOC CRM 5 Following the successful standardization of the CIDOC CRM a new initiative FRBRoo was begun in 2006 to harmonize it with the Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records FRBR The aim of this initiative is to provide a formal ontology intended to capture and represent the underlying semantics of bibliographic information and to facilitate the integration mediation and interchange of bibliographic and museum information 6 7 Ontology editThe CIDOC object oriented Conceptual Reference Model CRM is a domain ontology but includes its own version of an upper ontology The core classes cover 8 Space Time includes title identifier place era period time span and relationship to persistent items Events includes title identifier beginning ending of existence participants people either individually or in groups creation modification of things physical or conceptional and relationship to persistent items Material Things includes title identifier place the information object the material thing carries part of relationships and relationship to persistent items Immaterial Things includes title identifier information objects propositional or symbolic conceptional things and part of relationshipsExamples of definitions 9 Persistent Item a physical or conceptional item that has a persistent identity recognized within the duration of its existence by its identification rather than by its continuity or by observation A Persistent Item is comparable to an endurant Temporal Entity includes events eras periods and condition states which happen over a limited extent in time and is disjoint with Persistent Item A Temporal Entity is comparable to a perdurant Propositional Object a set of statements about real or imaginary things Symbolic Object a sign symbol or an aggregation of signs symbols CIDOC CRM Implementations and Systems editThe CIDOC CRM has been implemented in OWL DL as Erlangen CRM OWL ECRM The ECRM and thus CIDOC CRM is used extensively in the WissKI system an ontology based virtual research environment for managing primary research data in the area of cultural heritage as linked data References edit Information and documentation A reference ontology for the interchange of cultural heritage information CIDOC Documentation Standards Group permanent dead link CIDOC CRM Homepage CIDOC CRM Tools and RDF mappings Archived from the original on 2007 06 14 Retrieved 2007 06 09 CIDOC CRM Applications Archived from the original on 2007 06 13 Retrieved 2007 06 09 FRBoo Introduction Archived 2007 06 16 at the Wayback Machine Martin Doerr Patrick LeBoeuf Modelling Intellectual Processes The FRBR CRM Harmonization CIDOC Conference September 11 2006 Gothenburg Sweden PDF Archived from the original PDF on 2007 07 26 Retrieved 2007 06 09 Graphical Representation of core CRM form CIDOC Archived from the original on 2013 10 21 Retrieved 2013 10 20 Definition of the CIDOC Conceptual Reference Model Version 5 0 4 CIDOC November 2011 Further reading editDoerr M The CIDOC CRM An Ontological Approach to Semantic Interoperability of Metadata AI Magazine Volume 24 Number 3 pp 75 92 2003 Martin Doerr Dolores Iorizzo The Dream of a Global Knowledge Network A New Approach ACM Journal for Computing and Cultural Heritage Vol 1 No 1 Article 5 Publication date June 2008 Nick Crofts Martin Doerr Tony Gill Stephen Stead Matthew Stiff editors Definition of the CIDOC Conceptual Reference Model October 2006 Version 4 2 1 Martin Doerr Nicholas Crofts Electronic Communication on Diverse Data The Role of the oo CIDOC Reference Model doi 10 1145 1367080 1367085 T Gill Making sense of cultural infodiversity The CIDOC CRM 2002 Regine Stein Jurgen Gottschewski u a Das CIDOC Conceptual Reference Model Eine Hilfe fur den Datenaustausch Berlin 2005 German Gorz G Schiemann B Oischinger M An Implementation of the CIDOC Conceptual Reference Model 4 2 4 in OWL DL Proceedings CIDOC 2008 The Digital Curation of Cultural HeritageExternal links editThe CIDOC CRM Website Erlangen CRM OWL web site and OWL sources Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title CIDOC Conceptual Reference Model amp oldid 1189523382, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
