CEPAS, the Specification for Contactless e-Purse Application, is a Singaporean specification for an electronic moneysmart card. CEPAS has been deployed island-wide, replacing the previous original EZ-Link card effective 1 October 2009.[1]
April 2002; 21 years ago (2002-04) (FeliCa EZ-Link) February 2009; 14 years ago (2009-02) (CEPAS card-based EZ-Link) 9 October 2009; 13 years ago (2009-10-09) (CEPAS card-based NETS FlashPay) 28 January 2021; 2 years ago (2021-01-28) (CEPAS account-based EZ-Link) 21 December 2021; 19 months ago (2021-12-21) (CEPAS account-based NETS Prepaid Card)
The CEPAS provides the command sets and data bytes that can be used for contactless e-purse applications, and focuses on the debit and credit areas. The most recent version of the standard is CEPAS 2.0. The standard allows for the interoperability of multi-purpose stored value (MPSV) card payment schemes from different card issuers and system operators.
BackgroundEdit
CEPAS is spearheaded by the Infocomm Development Authority of Singapore (IDA), and is one of the key next generation e-Payment initiatives under Singapore's iN2015 infocomm masterplan led by IDA.[2] The vision of CEPAS is for Singaporeans to have a single MPSV card for use all around Singapore for micro-payments. This includes transit (bus, MRT, LRT), taxi, motoring (ERP, parking), retail, and other services.
CEPAS is a result of close collaboration by IDA with different industry players and the Land Transport Authority (LTA). The other key collaborators are the Cards & Personal Identification Technical Committee (CPITC) under the Singapore IT Standards Committee (ITSC), Network for Electronic Transfers (NETS) and EZ-Link Pte Ltd (EZ-Link). CEPAS was published by SPRING Singapore as SS 518 and was officially launched during the CEPAS Launch & Next Generation e-Payment seminar on 27 June 2006, held at Suntec Singapore International Convention and Exhibition Centre.[2]
Current and future payment landscapeEdit
The current micro-payment landscape in Singapore is fragmented with different standards, with two main players, NETS and EZ-Link. EZ-Link controls the transit space and NETS controls the motoring (ERP, parking) space. NETS also dominates the retail space, with EZ-Link having limited presence. Cards and readers from both providers cannot currently interoperate and consumers hold different cards for payment of different services and goods.
CEPAS aims to open and level the micro-payment playing field. For example, NETS card holders will be able to use their cards to pay for transit and EZ-Link card holders for retail and motoring payments. For merchants, the overall operation cost is intended to be lower and the market space larger.[citation needed]
CEPAS-compliant EZ-Link cards have been available for sale from 29 December 2008.[3]
Technical details of CEPAS 2.0Edit
The commands in this standard follow the convention in ISO/IEC 7816-4: 2005. The main commands are "Read Purse", "Debit Purse" and "Credit Purse". The design allows for partial refund and is limited to the most recent amount debited. The "AutoLoad" and "Cumulative Debit" features are also available. In this standard, key management for controlling e-purse operations is flexible and the final details are decided by the card issuer. Atomicity is a key focus in this standard to ensure reliability of transactions across multiple interfaces.
The CEPAS-compliant EZ-Link and NETS FlashPay cards released in 2009 operate as offline cards, intended for farecards in transit systems and micropayments in retail. As transactions are processed offline without having to maintain an active network connection to the bank for processing, lower transaction fees are incurred compared to debit and credit cards.
The card-based offline debit EZ-Link cards are no longer sold at TransitLink Ticket Offices since 15 March 2022, to encourage adoption of the SimplyGo account-based system.[4][5]
EZ-Link Motoring cards (with a non-account-based card profile & similar functionality) are still sold at 7-Eleven/Cheers convenience stores, selected Caltex petrol stations, Vicom centres, STA Inspection centres.[6]
No
Yes
Yes
with EZ-Link app
• NETS FlashPay
• NETS Contactless CashCard (2nd generation)
•NETS Motoring Card)
(Card-based Offline Debit)
Card-based stored-value wallet, based on CEPAS standard for retail, public transport, and motoring payments.
✓ It can be used for retail and public transport payments, without remote management functionality.
✓ Commuters can see their fare cost and card balance at the gantry.
✓ It is compatible with dual mode in-vehicle units for ERP and carpark payments.
NETS FlashPay cards are no longer sold at TransitLink Ticket Offices since 15 March 2022, to encourage adoption of the SimplyGo account-based system.[7][8]
NETS Motoring cards (with FlashPay payment functionality) are still sold at petrol stations and convenience stores.
No
Yes
Yes
with NETS app
Account-based Online DebitEdit
In 2017, the Land Transport Authority began an account-based ticketing trial to expand the range of e-payment options and eliminate the need for top-ups in transit. In 2019, the system was officially launched as SimplyGo. It allowed credit cards (Visa, Mastercard) and mobile wallets (Apple Pay, Fitbit Pay, Garmin Pay, Google Pay, Samsung Pay) to be used in the transit system, in addition to the existing CEPAS EZ-Link and NETS FlashPay cards.[9][10]
In September 2020, LTA began a trial to expand the account-based ticketing system to CEPAS cards, which were conventionally based on a card-based ticketing system. The reason given for pushing the account-based ticketing system was that it removed the need for physical trips to top-up machines. As the card information is stored on a central server under account-based ticketing, access to travel history and card top-ups can be done remotely through mobile apps, without needing the card to be physically present.[11][12]
The account-based EZ-Link Card was launched in January 2021,[13] and the account-based NETS Prepaid Card was launched in December 2021. These account-based cards replaced the former EZ-Link and NETS FlashPay cards that supported card-based ticketing. Transactions using account-based cards are processed backend, hence commuters are unable to see their fare deduction and card value balance at MRT fare gates and bus readers.
Online account-based ticketing wallet, based on CEPAS standard.
As the card information is stored on a central server, the card balance can be topped up without presence of physical card.
✓ It is compatible with the SimplyGo system for remote management of public transport cards.
✗ Fare cost and card balance will not be displayed at the gantry. Commuters have to create an account and sign in to the SimplyGo website or app, to view their travel history and its related fares.
✗ These account-based online debit cards are not compatible with ERP and carpark payments.
There has been some criticisms by the public that the auto-top up service by GIRO for the new CEPAS card will require an administration fee for activation as well as for each top-up. In contrast, auto-top up for the original EZ-Link card was free. Also, the public has complained that there is now more hassle in applying for this service in contrast to the relatively easier process for the original version.[15]
^Land Transport Authority (2 December 2009). . Archived from the original on 27 May 2011. Retrieved 4 April 2009.
^ abInfocomm Development Authority of Singapore (23 January 2008). "Specification for Contactless e-Purse Application (CEPAS)". Retrieved 3 February 2017.
^EZ-Link Pte Ltd (26 December 2008). "Commencement of sale of the NEW CEPAS-Compliant EZ-Link card". Retrieved 4 April 2009.[dead link]
^"Expiring EZ-Link cards before 31st Dec 2023 - EZ-Link".
^"Singapore's LTA Sees Strong Take-Up of Open-Loop Payments but has No Plans to End Closed Loop - Mobility Payments".
^"Singapore's LTA Sees Strong Take-Up of Open-Loop Payments but has No Plans to End Closed Loop - Mobility Payments".
^"LTA launches digital payment scheme for public transport". The Straits Times. 4 April 2019. from the original on 5 April 2019. Retrieved 5 April 2019.
^"LTA Launches SimplyGo Pilot On EZ-Link Cards - LTA".
^"Account-based EZ-Link cards available for use in Public Transport from 28 Jan - LTA".
^"EZ-Link launches account-based cards that allow top-ups through mobile app". CNA. Retrieved 13 December 2022.
^"Account-based EZ-Link cards available for use in Public Transport from 28 Jan - LTA".
^The Straits Times (15 September 2009). . Archived from the original on 22 September 2009. Retrieved 5 October 2009.
External linksEdit
Specification for Contactless ePurse Application (CEPAS)
August 25, 2023
cepas, specification, contactless, purse, application, singaporean, specification, electronic, money, smart, card, been, deployed, island, wide, replacing, previous, original, link, card, effective, october, 2009, locationsingaporelaunchedapril, 2002, years, 2. CEPAS the Specification for Contactless e Purse Application is a Singaporean specification for an electronic money smart card CEPAS has been deployed island wide replacing the previous original EZ Link card effective 1 October 2009 1 CEPASLocationSingaporeLaunchedApril 2002 21 years ago 2002 04 FeliCa EZ Link February 2009 14 years ago 2009 02 CEPAS card based EZ Link 9 October 2009 13 years ago 2009 10 09 CEPAS card based NETS FlashPay 28 January 2021 2 years ago 2021 01 28 CEPAS account based EZ Link 21 December 2021 19 months ago 2021 12 21 CEPAS account based NETS Prepaid Card TechnologyContactless smart card NFCOperatorConcession Cards Land Transport Authority PaymentLink Pte LtdEZ Link Cards EZ Link Pte Ltd PaymentLink Pte LtdFlashPay Cards NETS Pte LtdManagerTransitLink Pte LtdCurrencySGD 500 maximum load Credit expiry5 years EZ Link 7 years FlashPay Auto rechargeEZ Reload GIRO Auto topupUnlimited useAdult Monthly Travel CardValiditySingapore Mass Rapid TransitSingapore Light Rapid TransitSingapore public busesSentosa ExpressElectronic parkingRetail PaymentsRetailedTransitLink ticket officesMRT passenger service centres7 Eleven storesSingPostVariantsConcession cards supports EZ Link retail payments Adult cards supports either EZ Link or FlashPay retail payments WebsiteTransitLink LTA Concession Cards Contents 1 Function 2 Background 3 Current and future payment landscape 4 Technical details of CEPAS 2 0 5 Transaction processing methods 5 1 Card based Offline Debit 5 2 Account based Online Debit 6 Criticisms 7 See also 8 References 9 External linksFunction EditThe CEPAS provides the command sets and data bytes that can be used for contactless e purse applications and focuses on the debit and credit areas The most recent version of the standard is CEPAS 2 0 The standard allows for the interoperability of multi purpose stored value MPSV card payment schemes from different card issuers and system operators Background EditCEPAS is spearheaded by the Infocomm Development Authority of Singapore IDA and is one of the key next generation e Payment initiatives under Singapore s iN2015 infocomm masterplan led by IDA 2 The vision of CEPAS is for Singaporeans to have a single MPSV card for use all around Singapore for micro payments This includes transit bus MRT LRT taxi motoring ERP parking retail and other services CEPAS is a result of close collaboration by IDA with different industry players and the Land Transport Authority LTA The other key collaborators are the Cards amp Personal Identification Technical Committee CPITC under the Singapore IT Standards Committee ITSC Network for Electronic Transfers NETS and EZ Link Pte Ltd EZ Link CEPAS was published by SPRING Singapore as SS 518 and was officially launched during the CEPAS Launch amp Next Generation e Payment seminar on 27 June 2006 held at Suntec Singapore International Convention and Exhibition Centre 2 Current and future payment landscape EditThe current micro payment landscape in Singapore is fragmented with different standards with two main players NETS and EZ Link EZ Link controls the transit space and NETS controls the motoring ERP parking space NETS also dominates the retail space with EZ Link having limited presence Cards and readers from both providers cannot currently interoperate and consumers hold different cards for payment of different services and goods CEPAS aims to open and level the micro payment playing field For example NETS card holders will be able to use their cards to pay for transit and EZ Link card holders for retail and motoring payments For merchants the overall operation cost is intended to be lower and the market space larger citation needed CEPAS compliant EZ Link cards have been available for sale from 29 December 2008 3 Technical details of CEPAS 2 0 EditThe commands in this standard follow the convention in ISO IEC 7816 4 2005 The main commands are Read Purse Debit Purse and Credit Purse The design allows for partial refund and is limited to the most recent amount debited The AutoLoad and Cumulative Debit features are also available In this standard key management for controlling e purse operations is flexible and the final details are decided by the card issuer Atomicity is a key focus in this standard to ensure reliability of transactions across multiple interfaces Transaction processing methods EditSee also Mass Rapid Transit Singapore Ticketing and Fares and ticketing on the Mass Rapid Transit Singapore Card based Offline Debit Edit The CEPAS compliant EZ Link and NETS FlashPay cards released in 2009 operate as offline cards intended for farecards in transit systems and micropayments in retail As transactions are processed offline without having to maintain an active network connection to the bank for processing lower transaction fees are incurred compared to debit and credit cards Payment Mode Description Year Introduced Chip and PIN Contactless payment Top Up Using Self help Machines Top Up Using Mobile App EZ Link cards Concession cards EZ Link Motoring cards EZ Charms EZ Link Wearables EZ Link NFC SIM cards Card based Offline Debit Card based stored value wallet based on CEPAS standard It can be used for retail and public transport payments without remote management functionality Commuters can see their fare cost and card balance at the gantry The card based offline debit EZ Link cards and EZ Link Motoring cards are compatible with dual mode in vehicle units for ERP and carpark payments 2002 FeliCa card 2009 CEPAS card 2021 EZ Link Motoring Card CEPAS The card based offline debit EZ Link cards are no longer sold at TransitLink Ticket Offices since 15 March 2022 to encourage adoption of the SimplyGo account based system 4 5 EZ Link Motoring cards with a non account based card profile amp similar functionality are still sold at 7 Eleven Cheers convenience stores selected Caltex petrol stations Vicom centres STA Inspection centres 6 No Yes Yes with EZ Link app NETS FlashPay NETS Contactless CashCard 2nd generation NETS Motoring Card Card based Offline Debit Card based stored value wallet based on CEPAS standard for retail public transport and motoring payments It can be used for retail and public transport payments without remote management functionality Commuters can see their fare cost and card balance at the gantry It is compatible with dual mode in vehicle units for ERP and carpark payments 2009 NETS FlashPay 2018 NETS Contactless CashCard 2021 NETS Motoring Card NETS FlashPay cards are no longer sold at TransitLink Ticket Offices since 15 March 2022 to encourage adoption of the SimplyGo account based system 7 8 NETS Motoring cards with FlashPay payment functionality are still sold at petrol stations and convenience stores No Yes Yes with NETS appAccount based Online Debit Edit In 2017 the Land Transport Authority began an account based ticketing trial to expand the range of e payment options and eliminate the need for top ups in transit In 2019 the system was officially launched as SimplyGo It allowed credit cards Visa Mastercard and mobile wallets Apple Pay Fitbit Pay Garmin Pay Google Pay Samsung Pay to be used in the transit system in addition to the existing CEPAS EZ Link and NETS FlashPay cards 9 10 In September 2020 LTA began a trial to expand the account based ticketing system to CEPAS cards which were conventionally based on a card based ticketing system The reason given for pushing the account based ticketing system was that it removed the need for physical trips to top up machines As the card information is stored on a central server under account based ticketing access to travel history and card top ups can be done remotely through mobile apps without needing the card to be physically present 11 12 The account based EZ Link Card was launched in January 2021 13 and the account based NETS Prepaid Card was launched in December 2021 These account based cards replaced the former EZ Link and NETS FlashPay cards that supported card based ticketing Transactions using account based cards are processed backend hence commuters are unable to see their fare deduction and card value balance at MRT fare gates and bus readers Payment Mode Description Year Introduced Chip and PIN Contactless payment Top Up Using Self help Machines Top Up Using Mobile App SimplyGo EZ Link cards SimplyGo Concession cards Account based Online Debit Online account based ticketing wallet based on CEPAS standard As the card information is stored on a central server the card balance can be topped up without presence of physical card It is compatible with the SimplyGo system for remote management of public transport cards Fare cost and card balance will not be displayed at the gantry Commuters have to create an account and sign in to the SimplyGo website or app to view their travel history and its related fares These account based online debit cards are not compatible with ERP and carpark payments 2021 14 No Yes Yes with EZ Link appCriticisms EditThere has been some criticisms by the public that the auto top up service by GIRO for the new CEPAS card will require an administration fee for activation as well as for each top up In contrast auto top up for the original EZ Link card was free Also the public has complained that there is now more hassle in applying for this service in contrast to the relatively easier process for the original version 15 See also EditEZ Link NETS FlashPayReferences Edit Land Transport Authority 2 December 2009 SeP Ready For Implementation Archived from the original on 27 May 2011 Retrieved 4 April 2009 a b Infocomm Development Authority of Singapore 23 January 2008 Specification for Contactless e Purse Application CEPAS Retrieved 3 February 2017 EZ Link Pte Ltd 26 December 2008 Commencement of sale of the NEW CEPAS Compliant EZ Link card Retrieved 4 April 2009 dead link Expiring EZ Link cards before 31st Dec 2023 EZ Link Singapore s LTA Sees Strong Take Up of Open Loop Payments but has No Plans to End Closed Loop Mobility Payments EZ Link Motoring card EZ Link NETS Announcements Singapore s LTA Sees Strong Take Up of Open Loop Payments but has No Plans to End Closed Loop Mobility Payments LTA launches digital payment scheme for public transport The Straits Times 4 April 2019 Archived from the original on 5 April 2019 Retrieved 5 April 2019 Frequently Asked Questions FAQ TransitLink SimplyGo LTA Launches SimplyGo Pilot On EZ Link Cards LTA Account based EZ Link cards available for use in Public Transport from 28 Jan LTA EZ Link launches account based cards that allow top ups through mobile app CNA Retrieved 13 December 2022 Account based EZ Link cards available for use in Public Transport from 28 Jan LTA The Straits Times 15 September 2009 Have a card to rival EZ link Archived from the original on 22 September 2009 Retrieved 5 October 2009 External links EditSpecification for Contactless ePurse Application CEPAS Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title CEPAS amp 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