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Edwin Butler Crittenden

March 19, 2023

Edwin Butler Crittenden FAIA (1915-2015) was an American architect practicing in Anchorage, Alaska. Referred to later in life as the "dean of Alaska architecture,"[1] Crittenden was the most notable Alaskan architect of the twentieth century.

Edwin Butler Crittenden
BornNovember 20, 1915
New Haven, Connecticut
DiedJanuary 10, 2015 (aged 99)
Anchorage, Alaska
NationalityAmerican
OccupationArchitect
Interior of St. Mary Episcopal Church, Anchorage, Alaska, 1955.

Life and career

Edwin Butler Crittenden was born November 20, 1915 in New Haven, Connecticut, to Walter Eaton Crittenden and Harriet (Butler) Crittenden.[2][1] He attended Pomona College ('38), Yale University ('42) and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology ('47). He served in the United States Coast Guard from 1942 to 1946, and worked for Santa Paula, California, architect Roy C. Wilson between 1946 and 1948. He then relocated to Alaska, where he worked for the Alaska Housing Authority until 1951. That year, Crittenden established his own architecture practice in Anchorage.[2] Originally practicing as Edwin B. Crittenden, when engineer Arthur R. Jacobs joined the firm in 1954 it became Edwin Crittenden, Architects & Associates. Additional associates included Lucian A. Cassetta, who joined the firm in 1957,[3] and Wallace J. Wellenstein, who joined in 1960. In 1962 Wellenstein left to establish his own firm,[4] and with the promotion of C. Harold Wirum, employee since 1954, the firm became Crittenden, Cassetta, Wirum & Jacobs.[5] In 1968 Jacobs left to form his own engineering practice, and Kenneth D. Cannon was made partner in the new firm of Crittenden, Cassetta, Wirum & Cannon.

In 1971 the firm entered into an agreement with Hellmuth, Obata & Kassabaum of St. Louis and San Francisco. They formed the jointly operated firm of CCWC/HOK Architects and Planners for work in Alaska.[6] A month later Wirum left the partnership, forming Maynard & Wirum with Kenneth D. Maynard.[7] Maynard had worked for the Crittenden firm from 1962 to 1965.[8] CCC/HOK Architects and Planners operated until the agreement ended in 1980,[9] though HOK continued to pursue Alaskan projects.[a] During the early 1980s, CCC Architects and Planners was the largest architectural firm in Alaska.[9]

In addition to extensive building projects, CCC/HOK was also involved in the 1976 selection by voters of Willow, Alaska, as the site of a new state capital to replace Juneau. The firm was selected as prime consultant to the Capital Site Selection Committee, empowered by a 1974 ballot initiative. Voters selected Willow from three proposed sites, though construction never began at Willow and the project was cancelled in 1982.[10][11]

As consequence of the drop in oil prices and the recession that followed, the firm went bankrupt in 1986.[9] It was reorganized as Architects Alaska, which it remains, though Crittenden was not a member of the new firm. After leaving practice, Crittenden spent four years as campus architect for Sheldon Jackson College in Sitka. He finally retired from architecture in 1990.[1]

Personal life

Crittenden was married in 1944 to Katharine Carson, who would become known as a preservationist throughout Alaska. They had six children, and their eldest son, John Crittenden, would also become an architect.[1]

In 1963 Crittenden took a sabbatical from his practice. He and his family lived for a year in Helsinki, where he studied northern design strategies and the work of Alvar Aalto and Ralph Erskine.[1]

Katharine Crittenden died in Anchorage in 2010, and he died there January 10, 2015 at the age of 99.[1]

Legacy

Through his practice, Crittenden was a mentor to many architects who established their own Alaska practices,[9] and was significant to the development of a theory and practice of northern and arctic architecture.[1] In addition to those mentioned above, another notable architect who worked for Crittenden was Daphne Brown, who began working at CCC/HOK in 1975. In later life Crittenden was referred to as the "Dean" of Alaska architecture.[1]

Crittenden was active in the American Institute of Architects, joining in 1957.[2] In 1961 he cofounded the Alaska chapter,[1] and served as its first president.[2] In 1979 Crittenden was elected to the College of Fellows of the AIA, the first Alaska architect to receive the honor. In 1981, he was elected director of the AIA Northwest and Pacific Region.[1] Further honors included the Medal of Honor of the AIA Northwest and Pacific Region in 2010, an honorary Doctor of Humanities degree from the University of Alaska Anchorage in 2010 and the Kumin Award of AIA Alaska in 2012.[1]

After his death the Edwin B. Crittenden Award for Excellence in Northern Design was established in his honor by AIA Alaska, and was first awarded in 2019.[12]

Architectural works

Gallery of architectural works

Notes

  1. ^ The San Francisco office of HOK designed the BP Exploration Alaska Building in Anchorage, built from 1982 to 1985.[9]
  2. ^ Used as the President's Residence before 1993.
  3. ^ Crittenden designed Tower I, Tower II was added in 1972 by Maynard & Wirum and Tower III in 1978.
  4. ^ Designed in association with Manley & Mayer, also of Anchorage.
  5. ^ Designed in association with John Graham & Company and Kirk Wallace McKinley AIA & Associates, both of Seattle.

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k "Edwin Butler Crittenden," Anchorage Daily News, January 14, 2015.
  2. ^ a b c d "Crittenden, Edwin B.," in American Architects Directory (New York: R. R. Bowker Company, 1962): 144.
  3. ^ a b c "Cassetta, Lucian Anthony," in American Architects Directory (New York: R. R. Bowker Company, 1962): 109.
  4. ^ "Wellenstein, Wallace John," in American Architects Directory (New York: R. R. Bowker Company, 1970): 976.
  5. ^ a b c "Wirum, Carl Harold," in American Architects Directory (New York: R. R. Bowker Company, 1970): 1005.
  6. ^ "Notices," Progressive Architecture 52, no. 5 (May 1971): 174.
  7. ^ "Notices," Progressive Architecture 52, no. 6 (June 1971): 173.
  8. ^ a b "Maynard, Kenneth Douglas," in American Architects Directory (New York: R. R. Bowker Company, 1970): 610.
  9. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w Alison K. Hoagland, Buildings of Alaska (New York: Oxford University Press, 1993)
  10. ^ "Alaska scours wilds for a new capital site," San Francisco Examiner, May 4, 1975, 36.
  11. ^ "Alaskan voters will choose a site for a new capital city," Architectural Record 159, no. 2 (February 1976): 34.
  12. ^ "Crittenden Award for Excellence in Northern Design," aia.org, American Institute of Architects, n. d. Accessed May 6, 2021.
  13. ^ "Anchorage to Have a $350,000 City Auditorium," American City 69, no. 3 (March 1954): 89.
  14. ^ a b "$3 Million Construction Program at U. A.," Fairbanks Daily News-Miner, July 25, 1958, 8.
  15. ^ a b Amy Ramirez, Jeanne Lambin, Robert L. Meinhardt and Casey Woster, Mid-twentieth Century Architecture in Alaska (Anchorage: National Park Service, Alaska Regional Office, 2016)
  16. ^ Federal Building-U.S. Courthouse NRHP Registration Form (1978)
  17. ^ a b c "Cassetta, Lucian Anthony," in American Architects Directory (New York: R. R. Bowker Company, 1962): 143.
  18. ^ Pratt Museum Determination of Eligibility for the National Register of Historic Places Recommendation (2017)
  19. ^ Chain Store Age 45, no. 3 (March 1969): e96.
  20. ^ Miriam F. Stimpson, A Field Guide to Landmarks of Modern Architecture in the United States (New York: Prentice-Hall, 1985)
  21. ^ "Advertisement for Bids," Fairbanks Daily News-Miner, December 4, 1975, 16.
  22. ^ "," emporis.com, Emporis, n. d. Accessed May 6, 2021.

March 19, 2023
edwin, butler, crittenden, faia, 1915, 2015, american, architect, practicing, anchorage, alaska, referred, later, life, dean, alaska, architecture, crittenden, most, notable, alaskan, architect, twentieth, century, bornnovember, 1915new, haven, connecticutdied. Edwin Butler Crittenden FAIA 1915 2015 was an American architect practicing in Anchorage Alaska Referred to later in life as the dean of Alaska architecture 1 Crittenden was the most notable Alaskan architect of the twentieth century Edwin Butler CrittendenBornNovember 20 1915New Haven ConnecticutDiedJanuary 10 2015 aged 99 Anchorage AlaskaNationalityAmericanOccupationArchitectInterior of St Mary Episcopal Church Anchorage Alaska 1955 Contents 1 Life and career 2 Personal life 3 Legacy 4 Architectural works 5 Gallery of architectural works 6 Notes 7 ReferencesLife and career EditEdwin Butler Crittenden was born November 20 1915 in New Haven Connecticut to Walter Eaton Crittenden and Harriet Butler Crittenden 2 1 He attended Pomona College 38 Yale University 42 and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology 47 He served in the United States Coast Guard from 1942 to 1946 and worked for Santa Paula California architect Roy C Wilson between 1946 and 1948 He then relocated to Alaska where he worked for the Alaska Housing Authority until 1951 That year Crittenden established his own architecture practice in Anchorage 2 Originally practicing as Edwin B Crittenden when engineer Arthur R Jacobs joined the firm in 1954 it became Edwin Crittenden Architects amp Associates Additional associates included Lucian A Cassetta who joined the firm in 1957 3 and Wallace J Wellenstein who joined in 1960 In 1962 Wellenstein left to establish his own firm 4 and with the promotion of C Harold Wirum employee since 1954 the firm became Crittenden Cassetta Wirum amp Jacobs 5 In 1968 Jacobs left to form his own engineering practice and Kenneth D Cannon was made partner in the new firm of Crittenden Cassetta Wirum amp Cannon In 1971 the firm entered into an agreement with Hellmuth Obata amp Kassabaum of St Louis and San Francisco They formed the jointly operated firm of CCWC HOK Architects and Planners for work in Alaska 6 A month later Wirum left the partnership forming Maynard amp Wirum with Kenneth D Maynard 7 Maynard had worked for the Crittenden firm from 1962 to 1965 8 CCC HOK Architects and Planners operated until the agreement ended in 1980 9 though HOK continued to pursue Alaskan projects a During the early 1980s CCC Architects and Planners was the largest architectural firm in Alaska 9 In addition to extensive building projects CCC HOK was also involved in the 1976 selection by voters of Willow Alaska as the site of a new state capital to replace Juneau The firm was selected as prime consultant to the Capital Site Selection Committee empowered by a 1974 ballot initiative Voters selected Willow from three proposed sites though construction never began at Willow and the project was cancelled in 1982 10 11 As consequence of the drop in oil prices and the recession that followed the firm went bankrupt in 1986 9 It was reorganized as Architects Alaska which it remains though Crittenden was not a member of the new firm After leaving practice Crittenden spent four years as campus architect for Sheldon Jackson College in Sitka He finally retired from architecture in 1990 1 Personal life EditCrittenden was married in 1944 to Katharine Carson who would become known as a preservationist throughout Alaska They had six children and their eldest son John Crittenden would also become an architect 1 In 1963 Crittenden took a sabbatical from his practice He and his family lived for a year in Helsinki where he studied northern design strategies and the work of Alvar Aalto and Ralph Erskine 1 Katharine Crittenden died in Anchorage in 2010 and he died there January 10 2015 at the age of 99 1 Legacy EditThrough his practice Crittenden was a mentor to many architects who established their own Alaska practices 9 and was significant to the development of a theory and practice of northern and arctic architecture 1 In addition to those mentioned above another notable architect who worked for Crittenden was Daphne Brown who began working at CCC HOK in 1975 In later life Crittenden was referred to as the Dean of Alaska architecture 1 Crittenden was active in the American Institute of Architects joining in 1957 2 In 1961 he cofounded the Alaska chapter 1 and served as its first president 2 In 1979 Crittenden was elected to the College of Fellows of the AIA the first Alaska architect to receive the honor In 1981 he was elected director of the AIA Northwest and Pacific Region 1 Further honors included the Medal of Honor of the AIA Northwest and Pacific Region in 2010 an honorary Doctor of Humanities degree from the University of Alaska Anchorage in 2010 and the Kumin Award of AIA Alaska in 2012 1 After his death the Edwin B Crittenden Award for Excellence in Northern Design was established in his honor by AIA Alaska and was first awarded in 2019 12 Architectural works EditAnchorage Municipal Auditorium Anchorage Alaska 1954 demolished 13 Visitor Information Center Anchorage Alaska 1954 9 St Mary Episcopal Church Anchorage Alaska 1955 9 Stuart Hall University of Alaska Fairbanks Fairbanks Alaska 1955 14 Austin House and Condit House Sheldon Jackson College Sitka Alaska 1957 58 15 Chancellor s House b University of Alaska Fairbanks Fairbanks Alaska 1958 9 Walsh Hall University of Alaska Fairbanks Fairbanks Alaska 1958 14 Clark Middle School Anchorage Alaska 1958 demolished 3 Addition to the United States Federal Building former Anchorage Alaska 1958 NRHP 1978 16 Public Safety Building Anchorage Alaska 1961 demolished 3 Wendler Middle School Anchorage Alaska 1961 5 National Bank of Alaska Building Anchorage Alaska 1963 altered 8 Hotel Captain Cook c Anchorage Alaska 1964 65 9 Moore Hall University of Alaska Fairbanks Fairbanks Alaska 1966 9 McLaughlin Youth Center Anchorage Alaska 1967 17 Pratt Museum Homer Alaska 1967 68 18 Valdez City Hall Valdez Alaska 1967 9 4th Avenue Marketplace Anchorage Alaska 1969 19 Anchorage Air Route Traffic Control Center Anchorage Alaska 1969 17 Bristol Bay Borough School Naknek Alaska 1969 17 ENSTAR Natural Gas Company Building Anchorage Alaska 1969 20 Unocal Building Anchorage Alaska 1969 5 Bartlett Hall University of Alaska Fairbanks Fairbanks Alaska 1970 9 Bartlett High School d Anchorage Alaska 1971 73 15 Dimond Courthouse Juneau Alaska 1973 75 9 UAA APU Consortium Library Anchorage Alaska 1973 altered 2002 04 9 Hiland Mountain Correctional Center Eagle River Alaska 1974 9 ARCO Prudhoe Bay Operations Center Prudhoe Bay Alaska 1975 9 West Valley High School Fairbanks Alaska 1975 76 21 James M Fitzgerald United States Courthouse and Federal Building e Anchorage Alaska 1976 79 and 1979 80 9 Seawolf Sports Complex University of Alaska Anchorage Anchorage Alaska 1977 9 Sheraton Anchorage Hotel Anchorage Alaska 1977 79 22 Noel Wien Public Library Fairbanks Alaska 1977 9 University of Alaska Museum of the North University of Alaska Fairbanks Fairbanks Alaska 1981 altered 2002 06 9 William A Egan Civic and Convention Center Anchorage Alaska 1983 9 Grace Hall Alaska Pacific University Anchorage Alaska 1984 9 Fine Arts Building University of Alaska Anchorage Anchorage Alaska 1986 9 Gallery of architectural works Edit Visitor Information Center Anchorage Alaska 1954 St Mary Episcopal Church Anchorage Alaska 1955 Walsh Hall University of Alaska Fairbanks Fairbanks Alaska 1958 Hotel Captain Cook Anchorage Alaska 1964 65 Pratt Museum Homer Alaska 1967 68 4th Avenue Marketplace background Anchorage Alaska 1969 Anchorage Air Route Traffic Control Center Anchorage Alaska 1969 Unocal Building Anchorage Alaska 1969 Bartlett High School Anchorage Alaska 1971 73 Interior of the James M Fitzgerald United States Courthouse and Federal Building Anchorage Alaska 1976 79 and 1979 80 Sheraton Anchorage Hotel Anchorage Alaska 1977 79 Noel Wien Public Library Fairbanks Alaska 1977 William A Egan Civic and Convention Center Anchorage Alaska 1983 Interior of the Fine Arts Building University of Alaska Anchorage Anchorage Alaska 1986 Notes Edit The San Francisco office of HOK designed the BP Exploration Alaska Building in Anchorage built from 1982 to 1985 9 Used as the President s Residence before 1993 Crittenden designed Tower I Tower II was added in 1972 by Maynard amp Wirum and Tower III in 1978 Designed in association with Manley amp Mayer also of Anchorage Designed in association with John Graham amp Company and Kirk Wallace McKinley AIA amp Associates both of Seattle References Edit a b c d e f g h i j k Edwin Butler Crittenden Anchorage Daily News January 14 2015 a b c d Crittenden Edwin B in American Architects Directory New York R R Bowker Company 1962 144 a b c Cassetta Lucian Anthony in American Architects Directory New York R R Bowker Company 1962 109 Wellenstein Wallace John in American Architects Directory New York R R Bowker Company 1970 976 a b c Wirum Carl Harold in American Architects Directory New York R R Bowker Company 1970 1005 Notices Progressive Architecture 52 no 5 May 1971 174 Notices Progressive Architecture 52 no 6 June 1971 173 a b Maynard Kenneth Douglas in American Architects Directory New York R R Bowker Company 1970 610 a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w Alison K Hoagland Buildings of Alaska New York Oxford University Press 1993 Alaska scours wilds for a new capital site San Francisco Examiner May 4 1975 36 Alaskan voters will choose a site for a new capital city Architectural Record 159 no 2 February 1976 34 Crittenden Award for Excellence in Northern Design aia org American Institute of Architects n d Accessed May 6 2021 Anchorage to Have a 350 000 City Auditorium American City 69 no 3 March 1954 89 a b 3 Million Construction Program at U A Fairbanks Daily News Miner July 25 1958 8 a b Amy Ramirez Jeanne Lambin Robert L Meinhardt and Casey Woster Mid twentieth Century Architecture in Alaska Anchorage National Park Service Alaska Regional Office 2016 Federal Building U S Courthouse NRHP Registration Form 1978 a b c Cassetta Lucian Anthony in American Architects Directory New York R R Bowker Company 1962 143 Pratt Museum Determination of Eligibility for the National Register of Historic Places Recommendation 2017 Chain Store Age 45 no 3 March 1969 e96 Miriam F Stimpson A Field Guide to Landmarks of Modern Architecture in the United States New York Prentice Hall 1985 Advertisement for Bids Fairbanks Daily News Miner December 4 1975 16 Sheraton Anchorage Hotel emporis com Emporis n d Accessed May 6 2021 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Edwin Butler Crittenden amp oldid 1141794113, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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