Many of the kinship terms used in Burmese today are extant or derived from Old Burmese.[3] These include the terms used to reference siblings and in-laws.[3]
Grades of kinship
The Burmese kinship system identifies and recognizes six generations of direct ancestors, excluding the ego:[4]
Be (ဘဲ) - great-grandfather's great-grandfather (6 generations removed)
Bin (ဘင်) - great-grandfather's grandfather (5 generations removed)
Bi (ဘီ) - great-grandfather's father (4 generations removed)
Bay (ဘေး) - great-grandfather (3 generations removed)
Pho (ဘိုး) - grandfather (2 generations removed)
Phay (ဖေ) - father (1 generation removed)
The Burmese kinship system identifies seven generations of direct descendants, excluding the ego:[4]
Tha (သား) - (1 generation removed)
Myi (မြေး) - (2 generations removed)
Myit (မြစ်) - (3 generations removed)
Ti (တီ) - (4 generations removed)
Tut (တွတ်) or Hmyaw (မျှော့) - (5 generations removed)
Kyut (ကျွတ်) - (6 generations removed)
Hset (ဆက်) - (7 generations removed)
Extended family and terminology
Kinship terms differ depending on the degree of formality, courtesy or intimacy. Also, there are regional differences in the terms used.
Common suffixes
female: မ (ma)
male: ဖ (hpa)
Burmese also possesses kin numeratives (in the form of suffixes):
^ abTun, Than (1958). "Social life in Burma, AD 1044-1287" (PDF).
^ abcSein Tu (September 1997). . Myanmar Perspectives. Archived from the original on October 26, 2007. Retrieved 6 October 2013.
^ abcdefBradley, David (1989). (PDF). South-east Asian Linguisitics: Essays in Honour of Eugénie J.A. Henderson: 147–162. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2017-10-11. Retrieved 2013-10-19.
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The Burmese kinship system is a fairly complex system used to define family in the Burmese language 1 In the Burmese kinship system 2 Maternal and parental lineages are not distinguished except for members of the parents generations Relative age of a sibling relation is considered Gender of the relative is distinguished Generation from ego is indicated Contents 1 History 2 Grades of kinship 3 Extended family and terminology 3 1 Common suffixes 3 2 Relationships 3 3 Members of the nuclear family 3 4 Members of the extended family 4 ReferencesHistory EditMany of the kinship terms used in Burmese today are extant or derived from Old Burmese 3 These include the terms used to reference siblings and in laws 3 Grades of kinship EditThe Burmese kinship system identifies and recognizes six generations of direct ancestors excluding the ego 4 Be ဘ great grandfather s great grandfather 6 generations removed Bin ဘင great grandfather s grandfather 5 generations removed Bi ဘ great grandfather s father 4 generations removed Bay ဘ great grandfather 3 generations removed Pho ဘ grandfather 2 generations removed Phay ဖ father 1 generation removed The Burmese kinship system identifies seven generations of direct descendants excluding the ego 4 Tha သ 1 generation removed Myi မ 2 generations removed Myit မ စ 3 generations removed Ti တ 4 generations removed Tut တ တ or Hmyaw မ 5 generations removed Kyut က တ 6 generations removed Hset ဆက 7 generations removed Extended family and terminology EditKinship terms differ depending on the degree of formality courtesy or intimacy Also there are regional differences in the terms used Common suffixes Edit female မ ma male ဖ hpa Burmese also possesses kin numeratives in the form of suffixes eldest က 5 gyi or အ 5 oh second youngest လတ 5 lat youngest လ 5 lay ထ 5 htway or ငယ 5 nge Relationships Edit The Burmese kinship system also recognizes various relationships between family members that are not found in English including 4 တ အရ tu ayi relationship between uncle or aunt and nephew or niece ခမည ခမက khami khamet relationship between parents of a married couple မယ ည အစ က maya nyi ako relationship between the husbands of two sisters သမ မ က သ thami myauk tha relationship between cousins used in Arakanese language 6 Members of the nuclear family Edit Relation Term Form of address English equivalent NotesFather ဖခင pha khin အဖ a phayဖ ဖ phay phay FatherMother မ ခင mi khin အမ a mayမ မ may may MotherElder brother male ego န င naung BrotherElder brother female ego က ko BrotherYounger brother male ego ည nyi BrotherYounger brother female ego မ င maung BrotherOlder sister မ ma SisterYounger sister male ego န မ hna ma SisterYounger sister female ego ည မ nyi ma SisterHusband လင lin Husband Informal ယ က yaukkya Formal ခင ပ န khinbun Wife မယ maya Wife Informal မ န မ meinma Formal ဇန zani Son သ tha SonDaughter သမ thami DaughterMembers of the extended family Edit Immediate lineageRelation Term Form of address English equivalent NotesParent s father ဖ pho GrandfatherParent s mother ဖ phwa GrandmotherFather s elder brother ဘက ba gyi UncleFather s younger brother ဘလ ba lay Uncle The youngest uncle may be called ဘထ ba dway Father s elder sister အရ က ayi gyi AuntFather s younger sister အရ လ ayi lay Aunt The youngest aunt may be called ထ လ dway lay Mother s elder brother ဦ က u gyi Uncle ဝရ wayi is now obsolete Mother s younger brother ဦ လ u lay UncleMother s elder sister ဒ က daw gyi Aunt Also က တ kyidaw Mother s younger sister ဒ လ daw lay Aunt The youngest aunt may be called ထ လ dway lay First cousin မ င န မ တဝမ က maung hnama ta wun gwe First cousin Lit siblings one womb removed Nephews and niecesRelation Term Form of address English equivalent NotesSibling s son တ tu NephewSibling s daughter တ မ tuma NieceIn lawsRelation Term Form of address English equivalent NotesBrother s wife female ego Husband s sister ယ က မ yaungma sister in lawElder brother s wife male ego Wife s elder sister မရ mayi sister in lawYounger brother s wife male ego Wife s younger sister ခယ မ khema sister in lawSister s husbandHusband s younger brotherWife s brother ယ က ဖ yaukpha brother in lawElder sister s husband female ego Husband s elder brother ခ အ khe oh brother in lawYounger sister s husband female ego Husband s younger brother မတ mat brother in lawSon s wife ခ မ chwayma daughter in lawDaughter s husband သမက thamet son in lawSpouse s father ယ က ခထ yaukkahti father in lawSpouse s mother ယ က ခမ yaukkhama mother in lawReferences Edit မ လ 1977 မ န မ ဆ မ စပ ဝ ဟ ရမ PDF in Burmese စ ပ ဗ မ န Archived from the original PDF on 2013 12 15 Retrieved 2013 10 06 Burling Robbins October 1965 Burmese Kinship Terminology American Anthropologist 67 5 106 117 doi 10 1525 aa 1965 67 5 02a00740 JSTOR 668758 a b Tun Than 1958 Social life in Burma AD 1044 1287 PDF a b c Sein Tu September 1997 Myanma Family Roles and Social Relationships Myanmar Perspectives Archived from the original on October 26 2007 Retrieved 6 October 2013 a b c d e f Bradley David 1989 Uncles and Aunts Burmese Kinship and Gender PDF South east Asian Linguisitics Essays in Honour of Eugenie J A Henderson 147 162 Archived from the original PDF on 2017 10 11 Retrieved 2013 10 19 Myanmar English Dictionary Myanmar Language Commission 1993 ISBN 978 1 881265 47 4 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Burmese kinship amp oldid 1101125322, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
