The Orpington[2] or Buff Orpington Duck is a breed of domestic duck. It is a dual-purpose breed used for meat and egg production. It is capable of laying up to 220 eggs a year. Originally created by William Cook of Orpington, Kent, England, from the selection of mis-marked Blue Orpington Ducks; Cook was also the developer of the Orpington chicken. The breeds used in the development of the breed included Cayuga, Indian Runner, commercial Aylesbury and Rouen. It is proposed that Cook's intentions for the breed were to capitalize on the growing demand for the buff colour pattern.[3] The Buff Orpington Duck was introduced to the public at the Dairy Show, the Agricultural Hall (q.v.), Islington, London in October 1897.[4] It is considered a threatened breed by the ALBC. This breed was admitted to the British Poultry Standard in 1910 and the American Poultry Associations Standard of Perfection as the 'Buff Duck' in the Medium class in 1914. The Orpington duck is available in three colour varieties: Buff, Blond and Brown. The Buff Orpington is an unstable colour due to a blue dilution gene which means that from the offspring, all three colour variations will appear.[5]
Ducks with buff coloration are a cross between Indian Runner, Rouen and Aylesbury ducks. Their origin originates from the renowned Orpington farms in England, which is why they are also known as Orpington ducks. The buff-coloured plumage of the breed was developed by a man named William Cook from the same region.[6] During this period, buff was a very fashionable colour. As well as the black, the chocolate, and the blue variations, W. Cook created bibs on the chest that resembled white hearts. The American Poultry Associations recognized them in 1914 after Cook introduced them to the United States at the Madison Square Garden Show in New York City in 1908.[6]By 2011, there were 793 breeding buff ducks in North America, with 11 breeders engaged in breeding the species. As of today, there are five primary breeding flocks with 50 or more breeding birds.[7]
Characteristicsedit
Body sizeedit
Buff Orpington Ducks are medium-sized ducks that range between 7 and 8 pounds in weight. The bird is large and broad, with an oval head and medium-length bill, as well as a gracefully curved neck. The Buff duck's body carries itself 20 degrees above horizontal, and its wings are short and curved.[8]
Colorationedit
It has buff plumage and has a yellowish snout and feet, as well as brown eyes. Duck's bills are brown-orange, whereas the drakes' bills are yellow. In the U.S., there existed a blue variety of Orpington duck, but it was most likely absorbed into the Blue Swedish breed. Uniformity is key with regard to colour patterns. Typically, fawn-buff is considered ideal with the drakes having a fawn-buff or seal-brown head. The bill of the drake is yellow while the hen has a brownish-orange bill. They have orange feet and legs.[9] Buff Orpington ducks are typically lighter than their khaki-coloured counterparts as a result of a recessive sex-linked dilution factor.[10] It was found that a deficiency of vitamin U resulted in widespread deposition of black pigment in the feathers of buff orpington ducks, a breed normally not known for black pigmentation.[10]
Dietedit
The Buff Orpington duck eats insects, larvae, aquatic invertebrates, seeds, acorns, aquatic vegetation, and grains; they require regular freshwater access.[11]
Breedingedit
In general, the Buff offers much to the breeder who is seeking an attractive, dual-purpose bird. It produces 150 to 220 eggs per year and gains weight fairly rapidly, enabling it to be sold within eight to ten weeks of birth.[12]
Conservation statusedit
The Buff Orpington is listed on the Rare Breed Survival Trust Watch List. The orpingtons are classified as light ducks, but they are on the larger size scale. Their eggs are produced at an average rate of 150 per year, which makes them a Critically Endangered species.[7]
^ ab"Thompson, J. M. (2008). The Orpington Ducks" (PDF).
^ abBender, E. F.; Sponenberg, D. P.; Bixby, D. E. (2000). "Taking stock of waterfowl: the results of the American livestock breeds conservancy's domestic duck and goose census". Diversity. 16 (3): 21–24.
^Malone, P., Gerald D., and Walt L. (1998). The American Standard of Perfection. Mendon, MA: American Poultry Association.
^Standard Revision Committee; Malone, Pat; Donnelly, Gerald; Leonard, Walt (2001). American Standard of Perfection. USA: American Poultry Association. p. 313.
^ abDecker, A.; McGinnis, J. (1947). "Black pigmentation in feathers of buff Orpington chicks caused by vitamin D deficiency". Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine. 66 (1): 224–226.
Malone, P., Gerald D., and Walt L. (1998). The American Standard of Perfection. Mendon, MA: American Poultry Association.
Thompson, J. M. (2008). The Orpington Ducks.
Batty, J. (1985). Domesticated ducks and geese. Nimrod Book Services.
Lancaster, J. F. (2013). The inheritance of plumage colour in the common duck (Anas platyrhynchos Linné). Springer.
Bender, E. F., Sponenberg, D. P., & Bixby, D. E. (2000). Taking stock of waterfowl: the results of the American livestock breeds conservancy's domestic duck and goose census. Diversity, 16(3), 21–24.
Decker, A., & McGinnis, J. (1947). Black pigmentation in feathers of buff Orpington chicks caused by vitamin D deficiency. Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine, 66(1), 224–226.
External linksedit
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orpington, duck, orpington, buff, breed, domestic, duck, dual, purpose, breed, used, meat, production, capable, laying, eggs, year, originally, created, william, cook, orpington, kent, england, from, selection, marked, blue, cook, also, developer, orpington, c. The Orpington 2 or Buff Orpington Duck is a breed of domestic duck It is a dual purpose breed used for meat and egg production It is capable of laying up to 220 eggs a year Originally created by William Cook of Orpington Kent England from the selection of mis marked Blue Orpington Ducks Cook was also the developer of the Orpington chicken The breeds used in the development of the breed included Cayuga Indian Runner commercial Aylesbury and Rouen It is proposed that Cook s intentions for the breed were to capitalize on the growing demand for the buff colour pattern 3 The Buff Orpington Duck was introduced to the public at the Dairy Show the Agricultural Hall q v Islington London in October 1897 4 It is considered a threatened breed by the ALBC This breed was admitted to the British Poultry Standard in 1910 and the American Poultry Associations Standard of Perfection as the Buff Duck in the Medium class in 1914 The Orpington duck is available in three colour varieties Buff Blond and Brown The Buff Orpington is an unstable colour due to a blue dilution gene which means that from the offspring all three colour variations will appear 5 Orpington DuckA female at Hahn Park CaliforniaConservation statusRBST UK at riskCountry of originUnited KingdomUsemeat eggsTraitsSkin colorBuff Blond and BrownClassificationPCGBlight 1 DuckAnas platyrhynchos domesticus Contents 1 History 2 Characteristics 2 1 Body size 2 2 Coloration 3 Diet 4 Breeding 5 Conservation status 6 See also 7 References 8 External linksHistory editDucks with buff coloration are a cross between Indian Runner Rouen and Aylesbury ducks Their origin originates from the renowned Orpington farms in England which is why they are also known as Orpington ducks The buff coloured plumage of the breed was developed by a man named William Cook from the same region 6 During this period buff was a very fashionable colour As well as the black the chocolate and the blue variations W Cook created bibs on the chest that resembled white hearts The American Poultry Associations recognized them in 1914 after Cook introduced them to the United States at the Madison Square Garden Show in New York City in 1908 6 By 2011 there were 793 breeding buff ducks in North America with 11 breeders engaged in breeding the species As of today there are five primary breeding flocks with 50 or more breeding birds 7 Characteristics editBody size edit Buff Orpington Ducks are medium sized ducks that range between 7 and 8 pounds in weight The bird is large and broad with an oval head and medium length bill as well as a gracefully curved neck The Buff duck s body carries itself 20 degrees above horizontal and its wings are short and curved 8 Coloration edit It has buff plumage and has a yellowish snout and feet as well as brown eyes Duck s bills are brown orange whereas the drakes bills are yellow In the U S there existed a blue variety of Orpington duck but it was most likely absorbed into the Blue Swedish breed Uniformity is key with regard to colour patterns Typically fawn buff is considered ideal with the drakes having a fawn buff or seal brown head The bill of the drake is yellow while the hen has a brownish orange bill They have orange feet and legs 9 Buff Orpington ducks are typically lighter than their khaki coloured counterparts as a result of a recessive sex linked dilution factor 10 It was found that a deficiency of vitamin U resulted in widespread deposition of black pigment in the feathers of buff orpington ducks a breed normally not known for black pigmentation 10 Diet editThe Buff Orpington duck eats insects larvae aquatic invertebrates seeds acorns aquatic vegetation and grains they require regular freshwater access 11 Breeding editIn general the Buff offers much to the breeder who is seeking an attractive dual purpose bird It produces 150 to 220 eggs per year and gains weight fairly rapidly enabling it to be sold within eight to ten weeks of birth 12 Conservation status editThe Buff Orpington is listed on the Rare Breed Survival Trust Watch List The orpingtons are classified as light ducks but they are on the larger size scale Their eggs are produced at an average rate of 150 per year which makes them a Critically Endangered species 7 See also editList of duck breedsReferences edit Breed Classification Poultry Club of Great Britain Archived 12 June 2018 The Poultry Club of Great Britain Orpington Archived 2014 07 15 at the Wayback Machine Holderread Dave 2001 Storey s Guide to Raising Ducks North Adams MA USA Storey Publishing pp 60 61 Cook W 1897 The Poultry Journal p 81 82 Orpington Ducks 20 January 2015 a b Thompson J M 2008 The Orpington Ducks PDF a b Bender E F Sponenberg D P Bixby D E 2000 Taking stock of waterfowl the results of the American livestock breeds conservancy s domestic duck and goose census Diversity 16 3 21 24 Malone P Gerald D and Walt L 1998 The American Standard of Perfection Mendon MA American Poultry Association Standard Revision Committee Malone Pat Donnelly Gerald Leonard Walt 2001 American Standard of Perfection USA American Poultry Association p 313 a b Decker A McGinnis J 1947 Black pigmentation in feathers of buff Orpington chicks caused by vitamin D deficiency Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine 66 1 224 226 BUFF OR ORPINGTON DUCK 6 December 2021 Batty J 1985 Domesticated ducks and geese Nimrod Book Services http www albc usa org cpl waterfowl buffduck html http www feathersite com Poultry Ducks Buffs BRKBuff html Cook William 1897 The Poultry Journal No 138 Vol 12 p 81 82 HOLDERREAD D amp CENTER P 2001 Raising Ducks https livestockconservancy org heritage breeds heritage breeds list buff orpington duck Malone P Gerald D and Walt L 1998 The American Standard of Perfection Mendon MA American Poultry Association Thompson J M 2008 The Orpington Ducks Batty J 1985 Domesticated ducks and geese Nimrod Book Services Lancaster J F 2013 The inheritance of plumage colour in the common duck Anas platyrhynchos Linne Springer Bender E F Sponenberg D P amp Bixby D E 2000 Taking stock of waterfowl the results of the American livestock breeds conservancy s domestic duck and goose census Diversity 16 3 21 24 Decker A amp McGinnis J 1947 Black pigmentation in feathers of buff Orpington chicks caused by vitamin D deficiency Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine 66 1 224 226 External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Orpington Duck nbsp This poultry article is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte This duck article is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Orpington Duck amp oldid 1209113043, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
