Bit-Amukani (in the Aramaic Assur Ostracon ʾwkn; Assyrian mA-muk-ka-nu; Babylonian diBit U-ka-a-ni, diU-ka-nu; lit. House of Amukani) was a tribe, proto-state founded by Chaldeans in southern Mesopotamia which stretched from southeast of Nippur to the area of Uruk.[1] It is considered[by whom?] as one of the most powerful Chaldean tribes, next to Bīt-Iakin and Bīt-Dakkūri.
Bit-Amukkani among the Chaldean states in Babylonia during the 1st millennium BCE.
As early as 732. B.C.E. it was ruled by prince Ukinzer (also known as Mukin-zeri or Nabu-mukin-zeri) who became a king of Babylon in 732. B.C.E. instead of Nabu-shum-ukin II whom he superseded.[2] Later, Tiglath-pileser III devastated Bit-Amukani for the second time and defeated Mukin-zeri.[2]Shalmaneser III (856-824) inscriptions note that two Chaldean leaders (Mušallim-Marduk of Bīt-Amukāni and Adīnu of Bīt-Dakkūri) carried silver, gold, tin, bronze, elephant tusks, elephant skins, ebony and sissoowood (or meskannu-wood) as a tribute to the King of Assyria.
Though unconfirmed statement, the economy of Bīt-Amūkāni probably relied on producing dates.
Tiglath-pileser III described his genocide of Bit-Amukani with words: "the land Bit-Amukani I threshed as with a threshing instrument. I took all of its people (and) its property to Assyria." Although Tiglath-pileser III's writings testify about conflict with Bīt-Amūkāni, Bīt-Amūkāni never went extinct but actually remained important through later Babylonian history.
Sennacherib's inscriptions note that Bit-Amukani consisted of 39 walled cities and 350 villages.[3] Its capital was Sapia (Assyrian Sapīya or Šapīya).
deposed by Tiglath-pileser III; besieged in Šapīya, but not captured father of Šuma-ukīn
Ea-zēra-(i)qīša
673 > time of Ashurbanipal
held hostage in Assyria during rebellion of 652–648; his mother was Humbušte (or Humbuštu); assured loyalty of Bit Amukani to Ashurbanipal
? Kudurru
ca. rebellion of 652–648?
position in tribe uncertain, according to Lipinski governor of Uruk;[5] probably was not Bit-Amukanean, but rather installed by Ashurbanipal
Referencesedit
^Zadok, Ran (1985). On West Semites in Babylonia during the Chaldean and Achaemenian Periods: An Onomastic Study. pp. 58–62.
^ abTadmor, Hayim (2011). The royal inscriptions of Tiglath-pileser III (744-727 BC) and Shalmaneser V (726-722 BC), kings of Assyria. Yamada, Shigeo., Novotny, Jamie R. Winona Lake, Ind.: Eisenbrauns. p. 18. ISBN978-1-57506-657-8. OCLC 774282690.
^Younger, K. Lawson Jr. (2016). A political history of the Arameans: from their origins to the end of their polities. Atlanta. p. 676. ISBN978-1-58983-128-5.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
^Frame, Grant. "The Political History and Historical Geography of the Aramean, Chaldean, and Arab Tribes in Babylonia in the Neo-Assyrian Period". {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
amukkani, amukani, aramaic, assur, ostracon, ʾwkn, assyrian, babylonian, dibit, house, amukani, tribe, proto, state, founded, chaldeans, southern, mesopotamia, which, stretched, from, southeast, nippur, area, uruk, considered, whom, most, powerful, chaldean, t. Bit Amukani in the Aramaic Assur Ostracon ʾwkn Assyrian mA muk ka nu Babylonian diBit U ka a ni diU ka nu lit House of Amukani was a tribe proto state founded by Chaldeans in southern Mesopotamia which stretched from southeast of Nippur to the area of Uruk 1 It is considered by whom as one of the most powerful Chaldean tribes next to Bit Iakin and Bit Dakkuri Bit Amukkani among the Chaldean states in Babylonia during the 1st millennium BCE As early as 732 B C E it was ruled by prince Ukinzer also known as Mukin zeri or Nabu mukin zeri who became a king of Babylon in 732 B C E instead of Nabu shum ukin II whom he superseded 2 Later Tiglath pileser III devastated Bit Amukani for the second time and defeated Mukin zeri 2 Shalmaneser III 856 824 inscriptions note that two Chaldean leaders Musallim Marduk of Bit Amukani and Adinu of Bit Dakkuri carried silver gold tin bronze elephant tusks elephant skins ebony and sissoowood or meskannu wood as a tribute to the King of Assyria Though unconfirmed statement the economy of Bit Amukani probably relied on producing dates Tiglath pileser III described his genocide of Bit Amukani with words the land Bit Amukani I threshed as with a threshing instrument I took all of its people and its property to Assyria Although Tiglath pileser III s writings testify about conflict with Bit Amukani Bit Amukani never went extinct but actually remained important through later Babylonian history Sennacherib s inscriptions note that Bit Amukani consisted of 39 walled cities and 350 villages 3 Its capital was Sapia Assyrian Sapiya or Sapiya List of Bit Amukani leaders editName 4 Reign Comments Musallim Marduk somewhere during Shalmaneser III gave tribute to Shalmaneser III in 850 Nabu mukin zeri king 731 729 deposed by Tiglath pileser III besieged in Sapiya but not captured father of Suma ukin Ea zera i qisa 673 gt time of Ashurbanipal held hostage in Assyria during rebellion of 652 648 his mother was Humbuste or Humbustu assured loyalty of Bit Amukani to Ashurbanipal Kudurru ca rebellion of 652 648 position in tribe uncertain according to Lipinski governor of Uruk 5 probably was not Bit Amukanean but rather installed by AshurbanipalReferences edit Zadok Ran 1985 On West Semites in Babylonia during the Chaldean and Achaemenian Periods An Onomastic Study pp 58 62 a b Tadmor Hayim 2011 The royal inscriptions of Tiglath pileser III 744 727 BC and Shalmaneser V 726 722 BC kings of Assyria Yamada Shigeo Novotny Jamie R Winona Lake Ind Eisenbrauns p 18 ISBN 978 1 57506 657 8 OCLC 774282690 Younger K Lawson Jr 2016 A political history of the Arameans from their origins to the end of their polities Atlanta p 676 ISBN 978 1 58983 128 5 a href Template Cite book html title Template Cite book cite book a CS1 maint location missing publisher link Frame Grant The Political History and Historical Geography of the Aramean Chaldean and Arab Tribes in Babylonia in the Neo Assyrian Period a href Template Cite journal html title Template Cite journal cite journal a Cite journal requires journal help Lipinski Edward 31 December 2000 Aramaeans Ancient History Culture Peeters Publishers p 435 ISBN 978 90 429 0859 8 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Bit Amukkani amp oldid 1223324126, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
