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Bikrampur

January 09, 2024

Bikrampur ("City of Courage") was a pargana situated 19 kilometres (12 mi) south of Dhaka, the modern capital city of Bangladesh. In the present day, it is known as the Munshiganj District of Bangladesh. It is a historic region in Bengal and was a part of the Bhawal Estate.

History edit

Early history edit

Ashoka, the emperor of the Maurya Dynasty, ruled all of major parts of Bengal from c. 269 BC to 232 BC.[1] Being a devotee of Gautama Buddha, he propagated Buddhism across his kingdom which included Bikrampur to the east. Following the high ideals of this religion, Pala Kings came to Bikrampur to rule the region.[2]

Pala Era edit

The region is successively ruled by Vigrahapala I, Narayanapala, Rajyapala, Gopala II, Vigrahapala II, Mahipala, Naya Pala, Vigrahapala III, Mahipala II, Shurapala II, Ramapala, Kumarapala, Gopala III and Madanapala.[3] Pala empire disintegrated in 1174 weakened by attacks of the Sena dynasty.[4]

Chandra Era edit

During the rule of Srichandra (reigned 930 – 975 AD), the administrative centre of the Chandra kingdom was established at Bikrampur.[5] The Varman Dynasty (1035-1150 CE) replaced Chandras and established their independent kingdom.[6][7]

Varman Era edit

After the fall of Chandras, The Varmans Dynasty became powerful in East Bengal. The Varmans claimed that they descended from a branch of Yadava Dynasty of Simhapur.[8][9] Jat Varman, Hari Varman Samala Varman were the powerful rulers, who ruled in Bikrampur. Bhoja Varman was the last independent ruler of Varman Dynasty who was defeated by Vijaysena of Sena Dynasty.[10]

Sen Era edit

A copper-plate inscription from the time of the ruler Vijay Sen (ruled 1097–1160), founder of Sen dynasty, was found in Barrackpore, in 1911. In this inscription, Bikrampur was mentioned as the capital of that region.[11] It continued to be the capital throughout the, Sena Dynasty. In 1205, Turkic invader Bakhtiyar Khalji defeated the then-ruler Lakshman Sen in Nadia. Lakshman fled to Bikrampur.[12] His two sons Vishwarup Sen and Keshab Sen kept ruling from here until 1230.[13] But the copper-plate inscriptions during their reign do not mention Bikrampur as the capital.[14] Another Hindu ruler, Danuj Rai, defeated a successor of Keshab Sen and started ruling from here. In early 1280 he moved the capital to Suvarnagrama (later named Sonargaon).[14][15]

Mughal Era edit

Emperor Akbar established Bikrampur as one of the 52 parganas of Sonargaon sarkar in Bengal subah during his administrative reforms in 1572–1580.[16] During his time, Chand Rai[17] and Kedar Rai[18] were the Zamindars of Bikramapur. In the expeditions against Bara-Bhuiyans, Mughal Subahdar Man Singh killed Kedar Rai in the early 1600s.[19]

In post-Aurangzeb era, during the time of Nawab Murshid Quli Khan, Bikrampur was divided into eight taluks – Bhagyakul, Sreenagar, Maijpara, Sinhapara, Taltala, Sirajdikhan, Louhajong and Baligaon. Each taluk was represented by one Zamindar. Muhammad Azim Khan became the Zamindar of Louhajong who held the title of "Khan Bahadur". Gobinda Prasad Roy became the Zamindar of Maijpara.[20]

Notable people edit

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ Thapur (1973), p. 51.
  2. ^ Bradley, F.B. (1906). The Romance of an Eastern Capital. Smith, Elder & CO. pp. 26.
  3. ^ Chowdhury, AM (2012). "Pala Dynasty". In Islam, Sirajul; Jamal, Ahmed A. (eds.). Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh (Second ed.). Asiatic Society of Bangladesh.
  4. ^ Scott, David (May 1995). "Buddhism and Islam: Past to Present Encounters and Interfaith Lessons". Numen. 42 (2): 141–155. doi:10.1163/1568527952598657. JSTOR 3270172.
  5. ^ Chowdhury, AM (2012). "Chandra Dynasty, The". In Islam, Sirajul; Jamal, Ahmed A. (eds.). Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh (Second ed.). Asiatic Society of Bangladesh.
  6. ^ Le, Huu Phuoc (2010). Buddhist Architecture. Grafikol. ISBN 978-0-9844043-0-8.
  7. ^ Sayeed, Ahmad (4 October 2014). Know Your India: "Turn a New Page to Write Nationalism". Vij Books India Pvt Ltd. ISBN 978-93-84318-68-0.
  8. ^ Hazra, Kanai Lal (1995). The Rise and Decline of Buddhism in India. Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers. ISBN 978-81-215-0651-9.
  9. ^ Division, Publications. THE GAZETTEER OF INDIA Volume 2. Publications Division Ministry of Information & Broadcasting. ISBN 978-81-230-2265-9.
  10. ^ Raatan, T. (November 2003). Encyclopaedia of North-East India. Gyan Publishing House. ISBN 978-81-7835-068-4.
  11. ^ Proof of Bikrampur as the ancient capital of Bengal 14 July 2011 at the Wayback Machine, Golam Ashraf Khan Uzzal
  12. ^ Misra, Chitta Ranjan (2012). "Laksmanasena". In Islam, Sirajul; Jamal, Ahmed A. (eds.). Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh (Second ed.). Asiatic Society of Bangladesh.
  13. ^ "Far East King Lists". Retrieved 30 December 2013.[self-published source]
  14. ^ a b Chowdhury, AM (2012). "Vikramapura". In Islam, Sirajul; Jamal, Ahmed A. (eds.). Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh (Second ed.). Asiatic Society of Bangladesh.
  15. ^ Taher, MA (2012). "Raja Ganesha". In Islam, Sirajul; Jamal, Ahmed A. (eds.). Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh (Second ed.). Asiatic Society of Bangladesh.
  16. ^ Abul Fazl-I-'Allami (1949, reprint 1993). Ain-I-Akbari, Vol.II (tr. H.S. Jarett), Calcutta: The Asiatic Society, p.151
  17. ^ Khan, Muazzam Hussain (2012). "Chand Rai". In Islam, Sirajul; Jamal, Ahmed A. (eds.). Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh (Second ed.). Asiatic Society of Bangladesh.
  18. ^ Khan, Muazzam Hussain (2012). "Kedar Rai". In Islam, Sirajul; Jamal, Ahmed A. (eds.). Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh (Second ed.). Asiatic Society of Bangladesh.
  19. ^ Ahmed, Salahuddin (2004). Bangladesh. ISBN 9788176484695. Retrieved 29 September 2015.
  20. ^ . munshigonj.com. Archived from the original on 30 September 2015. Retrieved 29 September 2015.

External links edit

    23°33′N 90°33′E / 23.550°N 90.550°E / 23.550; 90.550

    January 09, 2024
    bikrampur, city, courage, pargana, situated, kilometres, south, dhaka, modern, capital, city, bangladesh, present, known, munshiganj, district, bangladesh, historic, region, bengal, part, bhawal, estate, contents, history, early, history, pala, chandra, varman. Bikrampur City of Courage was a pargana situated 19 kilometres 12 mi south of Dhaka the modern capital city of Bangladesh In the present day it is known as the Munshiganj District of Bangladesh It is a historic region in Bengal and was a part of the Bhawal Estate Contents 1 History 1 1 Early history 1 2 Pala Era 1 3 Chandra Era 1 4 Varman Era 1 5 Sen Era 1 6 Mughal Era 2 Notable people 3 See also 4 References 5 External linksHistory editEarly history edit Ashoka the emperor of the Maurya Dynasty ruled all of major parts of Bengal from c 269 BC to 232 BC 1 Being a devotee of Gautama Buddha he propagated Buddhism across his kingdom which included Bikrampur to the east Following the high ideals of this religion Pala Kings came to Bikrampur to rule the region 2 Pala Era edit The region is successively ruled by Vigrahapala I Narayanapala Rajyapala Gopala II Vigrahapala II Mahipala Naya Pala Vigrahapala III Mahipala II Shurapala II Ramapala Kumarapala Gopala III and Madanapala 3 Pala empire disintegrated in 1174 weakened by attacks of the Sena dynasty 4 Chandra Era edit During the rule of Srichandra reigned 930 975 AD the administrative centre of the Chandra kingdom was established at Bikrampur 5 The Varman Dynasty 1035 1150 CE replaced Chandras and established their independent kingdom 6 7 Varman Era edit After the fall of Chandras The Varmans Dynasty became powerful in East Bengal The Varmans claimed that they descended from a branch of Yadava Dynasty of Simhapur 8 9 Jat Varman Hari Varman Samala Varman were the powerful rulers who ruled in Bikrampur Bhoja Varman was the last independent ruler of Varman Dynasty who was defeated by Vijaysena of Sena Dynasty 10 Sen Era edit A copper plate inscription from the time of the ruler Vijay Sen ruled 1097 1160 founder of Sen dynasty was found in Barrackpore in 1911 In this inscription Bikrampur was mentioned as the capital of that region 11 It continued to be the capital throughout the Sena Dynasty In 1205 Turkic invader Bakhtiyar Khalji defeated the then ruler Lakshman Sen in Nadia Lakshman fled to Bikrampur 12 His two sons Vishwarup Sen and Keshab Sen kept ruling from here until 1230 13 But the copper plate inscriptions during their reign do not mention Bikrampur as the capital 14 Another Hindu ruler Danuj Rai defeated a successor of Keshab Sen and started ruling from here In early 1280 he moved the capital to Suvarnagrama later named Sonargaon 14 15 Mughal Era edit Emperor Akbar established Bikrampur as one of the 52 parganas of Sonargaon sarkar in Bengal subah during his administrative reforms in 1572 1580 16 During his time Chand Rai 17 and Kedar Rai 18 were the Zamindars of Bikramapur In the expeditions against Bara Bhuiyans Mughal Subahdar Man Singh killed Kedar Rai in the early 1600s 19 In post Aurangzeb era during the time of Nawab Murshid Quli Khan Bikrampur was divided into eight taluks Bhagyakul Sreenagar Maijpara Sinhapara Taltala Sirajdikhan Louhajong and Baligaon Each taluk was represented by one Zamindar Muhammad Azim Khan became the Zamindar of Louhajong who held the title of Khan Bahadur Gobinda Prasad Roy became the Zamindar of Maijpara 20 Notable people editFakhruddin Ahmed born 1940 Iajuddin Ahmed 1931 2012 Atisa c 982 1054 CE Humayun Azad 1947 2004 Bhanu Bandopadhyay 1920 1983 Manik Bandopadhyay 19 May 1908 3 December 1956 Pratima Bandopadhyay 1934 2004 Atin Bandyopadhyay 1934 2019 Kedareswar Banerjee 1900 1975 Rameshwar Banerjee 8 February 1925 21 November 1945 Benoy Basu 1908 1930 Samaresh Basu 1924 1988 Jagadish Chandra Bose 1858 1937 Nripen Chakraborty 1905 2004 Moushumi Chatterjee born 26 April 1948 Sabitri Chatterjee born 22 February 1937 Aghorenath Chattopadhyay Nishikanta Chattopadhyay Soorjo Coomar Goodeve Chuckerbutty 1826 1874 Brojen Das 1927 1998 Chittaranjan Das 1870 1925 Durga Mohan Das 1841 1897 Jibanananda Das Narayan Debnath born 1925 Dwarkanath Ganguly 1844 1898 Suhasini Ganguly 1909 1965 Kaliprosanna Ghosh 1843 1910 Prafulla Chandra Ghosh 1891 1983 Badal Gupta 1912 1930 Dinesh Gupta 1911 1931 Jogendranath Gupta 1883 1965 Chashi Nazrul Islam 1941 2015 Radhu Karmakar 1919 1993 Muhammad Hamidullah Khan 1938 2011 Prasanta Chandra Mahalanobis 1893 1972 Imdadul Haq Milan born 1955 Ashutosh Mukhopadhyay 1920 1989 Shirshendu Mukhopadhyay born 1935 Sarojini Naidu 1879 1949 A K A Firoze Noon 1946 2006 Kedar Ray Siddhartha Shankar Ray 1920 2010 Mokshadacharan Samadhyayi Laboni Sarkar Asit Sen 1922 2001 Soham Swami 1858 1918 Sarada Ukil 1888 1940 See also editMunshiganj ViharaReferences edit Thapur 1973 p 51 Bradley F B 1906 The Romance of an Eastern Capital Smith Elder amp CO pp 26 Chowdhury AM 2012 Pala Dynasty In Islam Sirajul Jamal Ahmed A eds Banglapedia National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh Second ed Asiatic Society of Bangladesh Scott David May 1995 Buddhism and Islam Past to Present Encounters and Interfaith Lessons Numen 42 2 141 155 doi 10 1163 1568527952598657 JSTOR 3270172 Chowdhury AM 2012 Chandra Dynasty The In Islam Sirajul Jamal Ahmed A eds Banglapedia National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh Second ed Asiatic Society of Bangladesh Le Huu Phuoc 2010 Buddhist Architecture Grafikol ISBN 978 0 9844043 0 8 Sayeed Ahmad 4 October 2014 Know Your India Turn a New Page to Write Nationalism Vij Books India Pvt Ltd ISBN 978 93 84318 68 0 Hazra Kanai Lal 1995 The Rise and Decline of Buddhism in India Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers ISBN 978 81 215 0651 9 Division Publications THE GAZETTEER OF INDIA Volume 2 Publications Division Ministry of Information amp Broadcasting ISBN 978 81 230 2265 9 Raatan T November 2003 Encyclopaedia of North East India Gyan Publishing House ISBN 978 81 7835 068 4 Proof of Bikrampur as the ancient capital of Bengal Archived 14 July 2011 at the Wayback Machine Golam Ashraf Khan Uzzal Misra Chitta Ranjan 2012 Laksmanasena In Islam Sirajul Jamal Ahmed A eds Banglapedia National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh Second ed Asiatic Society of Bangladesh Far East King Lists Retrieved 30 December 2013 self published source a b Chowdhury AM 2012 Vikramapura In Islam Sirajul Jamal Ahmed A eds Banglapedia National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh Second ed Asiatic Society of Bangladesh Taher MA 2012 Raja Ganesha In Islam Sirajul Jamal Ahmed A eds Banglapedia National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh Second ed Asiatic Society of Bangladesh Abul Fazl I Allami 1949 reprint 1993 Ain I Akbari Vol II tr H S Jarett Calcutta The Asiatic Society p 151 Khan Muazzam Hussain 2012 Chand Rai In Islam Sirajul Jamal Ahmed A eds Banglapedia National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh Second ed Asiatic Society of Bangladesh Khan Muazzam Hussain 2012 Kedar Rai In Islam Sirajul Jamal Ahmed A eds Banglapedia National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh Second ed Asiatic Society of Bangladesh Ahmed Salahuddin 2004 Bangladesh ISBN 9788176484695 Retrieved 29 September 2015 Munshigonj District Heritage Places Maijpara Math munshigonj com Archived from the original on 30 September 2015 Retrieved 29 September 2015 External links editHistorical Bikrampur23 33 N 90 33 E 23 550 N 90 550 E 23 550 90 550 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Bikrampur amp oldid 1186478272, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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