Bicske (Hungarian:[ˈbit͡ʃkɛ]; Latin: Lusomana or Lumanum) is a town in Fejér County, Hungary. Its name is also spelled Bykche, Biccke, Bykcze, Biczke, and Bitske.[citation needed] It is around 35 km (22 mi) west of Budapest. Its administration has undergone many changes; it has been a settlement, a village, a market town, and a village constituting an administrative division.
The name of the Byckche family has been known since 1258 when some members got a large donation of land from the king. According to a document dating from 1306, Botond's sons János (John) and Péter were granted permission to levy tolls in the locality of Bicske.
From 1596 onward, Bicske belonged to the Ottoman Empire.
Count Ádám Batthyány bought the land in 1642. The Batthyány family built a castle in 1754–1755, and made it their residence. The Batthyány family also built an observatory and a little castle (Hegyi-kastély) for the astronomers. During the Batthyány era, the village, which had been destroyed by the Turks, became a prosperous town. From 1688 to 1877, it was the chief town of the district.
A Jewish community developed in Bicske during the 18th century; most of its members were associated with the Neolog or Reform Judaism movement. They built a synagogue and a school, which was open to both Christian and Jewish students.[2] By the 19th century Bicske was a well-developed market town and cultural centre. From 1877 to 1946 it belonged to the district of Vál.
After World War I, an era known as the "White Terror," lasting from 1919 - 1921, saw the Jewish community of Bikse under attack by Christians, as homes were looted and citizens were murdered.[2]
In 1940, during World War II, Jewish farms and shops were confiscated and nationalized and able-bodied Jewish men were sent to Ukraine to work in the mines. In May 1940, a ghetto was erected in Bicske and Jews from neighboring towns were brought there for confinement. In June 1940, the ghetto was liquidated and its entire Jewish population was sent to the Komárom ghetto and, that same month, to Auschwitzconcentration camp for extermination. The town's synagogue was completely destroyed.[2]
bicske, hungarian, ˈbit, ʃkɛ, latin, lusomana, lumanum, town, fejér, county, hungary, name, also, spelled, bykche, biccke, bykcze, biczke, bitske, citation, needed, around, west, budapest, administration, undergone, many, changes, been, settlement, village, ma. Bicske Hungarian ˈbit ʃkɛ Latin Lusomana or Lumanum is a town in Fejer County Hungary Its name is also spelled Bykche Biccke Bykcze Biczke and Bitske citation needed It is around 35 km 22 mi west of Budapest Its administration has undergone many changes it has been a settlement a village a market town and a village constituting an administrative division BicskeTownFlagCoat of armsBicskeLocation of BicskeCoordinates 47 29 27 N 18 38 11 E 47 49074 N 18 63625 E 47 49074 18 63625Country HungaryCountyFejerDistrictBicskeArea Total78 88 km2 30 46 sq mi Population 2017 Total12 100 1 Time zoneUTC 1 CET Summer DST UTC 2 CEST Postal code2060Area code 36 22MotorwaysM1Distance from Budapest36 7 km 22 8 mi EastWebsitewww wbr bicske wbr hu Contents 1 History 2 Main sights 3 Sport 4 Twin towns sister cities 5 References 6 External linksHistory edit nbsp Aerial view of Batthyany Mansion Bicske hu The name of the Byckche family has been known since 1258 when some members got a large donation of land from the king According to a document dating from 1306 Botond s sons Janos John and Peter were granted permission to levy tolls in the locality of Bicske From 1596 onward Bicske belonged to the Ottoman Empire Count Adam Batthyany bought the land in 1642 The Batthyany family built a castle in 1754 1755 and made it their residence The Batthyany family also built an observatory and a little castle Hegyi kastely for the astronomers During the Batthyany era the village which had been destroyed by the Turks became a prosperous town From 1688 to 1877 it was the chief town of the district A Jewish community developed in Bicske during the 18th century most of its members were associated with the Neolog or Reform Judaism movement They built a synagogue and a school which was open to both Christian and Jewish students 2 By the 19th century Bicske was a well developed market town and cultural centre From 1877 to 1946 it belonged to the district of Val After World War I an era known as the White Terror lasting from 1919 1921 saw the Jewish community of Bikse under attack by Christians as homes were looted and citizens were murdered 2 In 1940 during World War II Jewish farms and shops were confiscated and nationalized and able bodied Jewish men were sent to Ukraine to work in the mines In May 1940 a ghetto was erected in Bicske and Jews from neighboring towns were brought there for confinement In June 1940 the ghetto was liquidated and its entire Jewish population was sent to the Komarom ghetto and that same month to Auschwitz concentration camp for extermination The town s synagogue was completely destroyed 2 Bicske was captured on 24 December 1944 by Soviet troops of the 3rd Ukrainian Front in the course of the Budapest Offensive On the night of 4 January 1945 the German Nazi 5th SS Panzer Regiment under the command of Fritz Darges advanced towards Bicske but was stopped by the 41st Guards Rifle Division of the Soviet 4th Guards Army The Germans retreated but destroyed more than thirty Soviet tanks during the battle 3 In 1947 Bicske became independent There were 12 000 inhabitants in 1986 Main sights editRoman Catholic Church 18th century with a Maulbertsch panel painting Batthyany Mansion Bicske hu built in 1754 1755 In the center of the town are excavated ruins of a temple with several tombs dating from the 15th century Ruins of the Observatory and the astronomers castleSport editThe association football club Bicskei TC is based in the town Twin towns sister cities editSee also List of twin towns and sister cities in Hungary Bicske is twinned with 4 nbsp Altshausen Germany nbsp Băile Tușnad Romania nbsp Chop Ukraine nbsp Reci RomaniaReferences edit Bicske KSH a b c https dbs bh org il place bicske Archived 2018 05 04 at the Wayback Machine Beit Hatfutsot Jewish Genealogy Databases Mitcham Samuel W 2007 The German Defeat in the East 1944 45 Mechanicsburg PA Stackpole Books ISBN 978 0 8117 3371 7 Testvertelepulesek bicske hu in Hungarian Bicske Retrieved 2021 04 10 External links editBicske at Wikipedia s sister projects nbsp Definitions from Wiktionary nbsp Media from Commons nbsp News from Wikinews nbsp Quotations from Wikiquote nbsp Texts from Wikisource nbsp Textbooks from Wikibooks nbsp Resources from Wikiversity nbsp Travel information from Wikivoyage Official website in Hungarian Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Bicske amp oldid 1206105279, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
