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Arang Jain temples

October 21, 2023

Arang Jain temples is group of three Jain temples in Arang, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India. These temples dates back to the 9th and 11th centuries.

Arang Jain temple
Bhand Dewal temple
Religion
AffiliationJainism
DeityNeminatha
FestivalsMahavir Jayanti
Location
LocationArang, Chhattisgarh
Geographic coordinates21°11′42.17″N 81°58′9.87″E / 21.1950472°N 81.9694083°E / 21.1950472; 81.9694083
Architecture
Date established9th century
Temple(s)3

History Edit

Arang was ruled in ancient times by the Haihayas Rajput dynasty.[1] Archaeological finds establishes that the town had an ancient history as the centre of Hindu and Jain religious faiths.[2] Arang also finds mention in the Hindu epic Mahabharata.[3]

Arang has many Jain and Hindu temples that date backs to the 9th to 11th centuries.[4] Archaeological excavations carried out in the town has confirmed the town's ancient history as a Hindu and Jain religious centre, which prospered under the rule of Hindu kings.[2]

The ancient temples in Arang, which are tourist attractions are the Baghdeval temple, the Bhanda Dewal temple, the Mahamaya temple, the Danteshwari temple, the Chandi Maheshwari temple, the Panchmukhi Mahadev temple, and the Panchmukhi Hanuman temple. Of these, the Bhand Dewal temple and Bagh Deval temple are particularly ancient and well-known.[2] In May 2017 an idol of Adinath (Rishabhanatha) was excavated near this temple. This idol is 1.16 metres (3 ft 10 in) in height, 37 centimetres (15 in) in width and 21 centimetres (8.3 in) in thickness. This standing sculpture has a Yaksha and Yakshini near its knee region on two sides. The sculpture is dated to 5th-6th centuries AD.[5]

Temples Edit

Bhand Dewal temple Edit

 
Detailed carvings on the wall

Bhand Dewal temple, a Jain temple dated to the late eleventh century, is in the Mahakosala area of Arang. The temple is built in Bhumija architecture.[6] The plinth of this temple has detailed ornamentation. It has a socle that supports a pedestal and two rows of sculptures on the wall. The temple layout plan is in a star shape known as stellate (meaning: shaped like a star, having points, or rays radiating from a centre) with six  "offsets". The temple rises to five floors, which is considered an unusual feature.[6]

The temple faces west and is in a rundown condition. In the past, a mandapa (an outdoor pavilion) and a porch probably existed as part of the temple. The damaged front fascia of the temple tower has been plastered without any decoration and also whitewashed.[7] The north-east and south-east faces of the temple tower, which were also dilapidated, have been redone in brick and mortar, but crudely. However, the overall view of the tower is still pleasing. At some stage, this temple was used as a survey marking station. As there was a tendency for the upper half of the tower to structurally burst by its seams, a metal strap bracing has been wound around the tower at the middle section to give it stability. A similar strap has been wound round at the top of the tower. A large number of images are carved on the exterior and interior faces of the temple. The bigger images are carved in two lines. Above the lines of bigger images, a row of carvings of smaller images has been sculpted. At the base of the larger images is a row of a highly decorated depiction of inscription panels, flowers, and a royal march of horses, animals, and people.[8] The exterior faces of the temple have been embellished with carved images.[9]

The temple has three free-standing large images of Jain tirthankaras deified in the garbha griha or sanctum sanctorum.[10] These are carved ornately in black stone and highly polished. The three Tirthankaras are Ajitanatha, Neminath and Shreyanasanatha. The central figure is adorned with the symbol of a wheel holding two deer in the left hand, and a globe on the right hand. The base of this image has a "winged figure" carving. Carved images also embellish the exterior faces of the temple.

Bagh Deval temple Edit

Bagh Deval temple, which was inferred initially as a Jain temple, is dated to the 11th century. It has similar architectural features as the Khajuraho temple.[11]

Mahamaya temple Edit

Mahamaya temple also has three colossal images of Tirthankaras. There is also a large single stone sculpture with illustrations of all 24 Tirthankaras carved on it.

Gallery Edit

Current status Edit

It is a protected monument under the Raipur circle of Archaeological Survey of India, since 1920.[12][13]

See also Edit

References Edit

Citation Edit

  1. ^ Garg 1992, p. 578.
  2. ^ a b c Provinces 1909, p. 259.
  3. ^ Surjan & Verma 1996, p. 18.
  4. ^ Archaeological Survey of India 1878, p. 165.
  5. ^ . The Hitavada. 19 May 2016. Archived from the original on 20 May 2016. Retrieved 30 June 2016.
  6. ^ a b Jain 1972, p. 446.
  7. ^ Archaeological Survey of India 1878, p. 160.
  8. ^ Archaeological Survey of India 1878, p. 161.
  9. ^ Archaeological Survey of India 1878, p. 162.
  10. ^ Shah 1987, p. 154.
  11. ^ Beglar 1878, p. 162.
  12. ^ "Centrally Protected Monuments/Sites/Remains, Archaeological Survey of India. Raipur Circle, Raipur" (PDF). ASI. Retrieved 10 February 2015.
  13. ^ ASI, Raipur Circle.

Sources Edit

  • Archaeological Survey of India (Reports 1862-1884 ed.), Government Press, 1878, retrieved 2017-10-02
  • Garg, Gaṅgā Rām (1992). Encyclopaedia of the Hindu World. Concept Publishing Company. ISBN 978-81-7022-376-4.
  • Jain, Kailash Chand (1972). Malwa Through the Ages, from the Earliest Times to 1305 A.D. Motilal Banarsidass. ISBN 978-81-208-0824-9.
  • Central Provinces (1909). Raipur district. Central Provinces District Gazetteers. Vol. 8 (1 ed.). Pioneer Press.
  • Beglar, J. D. (1878), Report of a Tour in Bundelkhand and Malwa, 1871-72, And in the Central Provinces, 1873-74, vol. 7, Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, retrieved 2017-10-04
  • Shah, Umakant Premanand (1987), Jaina Iconography, vol. 1, Abhinav Publications, ISBN 9788170172086, retrieved 2017-10-04
  • , Archaeological Survey of India, archived from the original on 2017-10-10, retrieved 2017-10-07
  • Surjan, Lalit; Verma, Vinod (1996). Reference Deśabandhu Madhya Pradesh. Deshbandhu Publication Division. ISBN 978-81-900733-1-8. Retrieved 28 February 2021.

External links Edit

  •   Media related to Arang Jain temples at Wikimedia Commons

October 21, 2023
arang, jain, temples, group, three, jain, temples, arang, raipur, chhattisgarh, india, these, temples, dates, back, 11th, centuries, arang, jain, templebhand, dewal, templereligionaffiliationjainismdeityneminathafestivalsmahavir, jayantilocationlocationarang, . Arang Jain temples is group of three Jain temples in Arang Raipur Chhattisgarh India These temples dates back to the 9th and 11th centuries Arang Jain templeBhand Dewal templeReligionAffiliationJainismDeityNeminathaFestivalsMahavir JayantiLocationLocationArang ChhattisgarhGeographic coordinates21 11 42 17 N 81 58 9 87 E 21 1950472 N 81 9694083 E 21 1950472 81 9694083ArchitectureDate established9th centuryTemple s 3 Contents 1 History 2 Temples 2 1 Bhand Dewal temple 2 2 Bagh Deval temple 2 3 Mahamaya temple 3 Gallery 4 Current status 5 See also 6 References 6 1 Citation 6 2 Sources 7 External linksHistory EditArang was ruled in ancient times by the Haihayas Rajput dynasty 1 Archaeological finds establishes that the town had an ancient history as the centre of Hindu and Jain religious faiths 2 Arang also finds mention in the Hindu epic Mahabharata 3 Arang has many Jain and Hindu temples that date backs to the 9th to 11th centuries 4 Archaeological excavations carried out in the town has confirmed the town s ancient history as a Hindu and Jain religious centre which prospered under the rule of Hindu kings 2 The ancient temples in Arang which are tourist attractions are the Baghdeval temple the Bhanda Dewal temple the Mahamaya temple the Danteshwari temple the Chandi Maheshwari temple the Panchmukhi Mahadev temple and the Panchmukhi Hanuman temple Of these the Bhand Dewal temple and Bagh Deval temple are particularly ancient and well known 2 In May 2017 an idol of Adinath Rishabhanatha was excavated near this temple This idol is 1 16 metres 3 ft 10 in in height 37 centimetres 15 in in width and 21 centimetres 8 3 in in thickness This standing sculpture has a Yaksha and Yakshini near its knee region on two sides The sculpture is dated to 5th 6th centuries AD 5 Temples EditBhand Dewal temple Edit nbsp Detailed carvings on the wallBhand Dewal temple a Jain temple dated to the late eleventh century is in the Mahakosala area of Arang The temple is built in Bhumija architecture 6 The plinth of this temple has detailed ornamentation It has a socle that supports a pedestal and two rows of sculptures on the wall The temple layout plan is in a star shape known as stellate meaning shaped like a star having points or rays radiating from a centre with six offsets The temple rises to five floors which is considered an unusual feature 6 The temple faces west and is in a rundown condition In the past a mandapa an outdoor pavilion and a porch probably existed as part of the temple The damaged front fascia of the temple tower has been plastered without any decoration and also whitewashed 7 The north east and south east faces of the temple tower which were also dilapidated have been redone in brick and mortar but crudely However the overall view of the tower is still pleasing At some stage this temple was used as a survey marking station As there was a tendency for the upper half of the tower to structurally burst by its seams a metal strap bracing has been wound around the tower at the middle section to give it stability A similar strap has been wound round at the top of the tower A large number of images are carved on the exterior and interior faces of the temple The bigger images are carved in two lines Above the lines of bigger images a row of carvings of smaller images has been sculpted At the base of the larger images is a row of a highly decorated depiction of inscription panels flowers and a royal march of horses animals and people 8 The exterior faces of the temple have been embellished with carved images 9 The temple has three free standing large images of Jain tirthankaras deified in the garbha griha or sanctum sanctorum 10 These are carved ornately in black stone and highly polished The three Tirthankaras are Ajitanatha Neminath and Shreyanasanatha The central figure is adorned with the symbol of a wheel holding two deer in the left hand and a globe on the right hand The base of this image has a winged figure carving Carved images also embellish the exterior faces of the temple Bagh Deval temple Edit Bagh Deval temple which was inferred initially as a Jain temple is dated to the 11th century It has similar architectural features as the Khajuraho temple 11 Mahamaya temple Edit Mahamaya temple also has three colossal images of Tirthankaras There is also a large single stone sculpture with illustrations of all 24 Tirthankaras carved on it Gallery Edit nbsp Bhand Dewal in 1873 nbsp Sculptures of Ajitanatha Neminath and Shreyanasanatha inside Bhand Dewal nbsp Carvings on the wall Bhand DeulCurrent status EditIt is a protected monument under the Raipur circle of Archaeological Survey of India since 1920 12 13 See also EditHaihaiyavansi KingdomReferences EditCitation Edit Garg 1992 p 578 a b c Provinces 1909 p 259 Surjan amp Verma 1996 p 18 Archaeological Survey of India 1878 p 165 Ancient idol of Tirthankar Adinath found at Arang The Hitavada 19 May 2016 Archived from the original on 20 May 2016 Retrieved 30 June 2016 a b Jain 1972 p 446 Archaeological Survey of India 1878 p 160 Archaeological Survey of India 1878 p 161 Archaeological Survey of India 1878 p 162 Shah 1987 p 154 Beglar 1878 p 162 Centrally Protected Monuments Sites Remains Archaeological Survey of India Raipur Circle Raipur PDF ASI Retrieved 10 February 2015 ASI Raipur Circle Sources Edit Archaeological Survey of India Reports 1862 1884 ed Government Press 1878 retrieved 2017 10 02 Garg Gaṅga Ram 1992 Encyclopaedia of the Hindu World Concept Publishing Company ISBN 978 81 7022 376 4 Jain Kailash Chand 1972 Malwa Through the Ages from the Earliest Times to 1305 A D Motilal Banarsidass ISBN 978 81 208 0824 9 Central Provinces 1909 Raipur district Central Provinces District Gazetteers Vol 8 1 ed Pioneer Press Beglar J D 1878 Report of a Tour in Bundelkhand and Malwa 1871 72 And in the Central Provinces 1873 74 vol 7 Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing retrieved 2017 10 04 Shah Umakant Premanand 1987 Jaina Iconography vol 1 Abhinav Publications ISBN 9788170172086 retrieved 2017 10 04 Alphabetical List of Monuments Chhattisgarh Archaeological Survey of India archived from the original on 2017 10 10 retrieved 2017 10 07 Surjan Lalit Verma Vinod 1996 Reference Desabandhu Madhya Pradesh Deshbandhu Publication Division ISBN 978 81 900733 1 8 Retrieved 28 February 2021 External links Edit nbsp Media related to Arang Jain temples at Wikimedia Commons Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Arang Jain temples amp oldid 1160279746, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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