Beverly, Alberta
Beverly is a former urban municipality within the Edmonton Capital Region of Alberta, Canada. Beverly incorporated as a village on March 22, 1913 and became the Town of Beverly on July 13, 1914.[3] It later amalgamated with the City of Edmonton on December 30, 1961.[4][6] The population of Beverly was 8,969 at the time of amalgamation.[7]
Beverly | |
|---|---|
Area (former town) | |
Beverly Location of Beverly in Edmonton | |
| Coordinates: 53°34′12″N 113°24′11″W / 53.570°N 113.403°W | |
| Country | Canada |
| Province | Alberta |
| City | Edmonton |
| Quadrant[1] | NW |
| Ward[1] | Métis |
| Sector[2] | Mature area |
| Village | March 22, 1913[3] |
| Town | July 13, 1914[3] |
| Annexation | December 30, 1961[4] |
| Government | |
| • Mayor | Amarjeet Sohi |
| • Administrative body | Edmonton City Council |
| • Councillor | Ashley Salvador |
| Elevation | 658 m (2,159 ft) |
Now located within northeast Edmonton, Beverly was a coal mining community that overlooked the North Saskatchewan River valley. During the first half of the twentieth century, more than 20 coal mines were active in and around the town.[8] The larger mines provided much of the town's employment.
History
The earliest use of "Beverly" to describe the area dates to 1904, and it appears the area was named after a township in Ontario. Within a few years, there were enough people living in the area to designate the community as a hamlet.
In 1907, construction began on the Clover Bar Bridge. Unable to use the CP owned High Level Bridge in Edmonton to bring its trains north of the river, the Grand Trunk Pacific Railway (GTPR) decided to build a bridge of its own further downstream. This brought the railway to Beverly. In the years that followed, the GTPR became the biggest shipper of coal in Alberta, with much of the coal mined in and around Beverly.
Upon becoming a village in 1913, the village council promptly passed a bylaw that "authorized borrowing up to $30,000 (more than $634,000 today) for the construction of roads and sidewalks and the purchase of fire equipment."[9] It was years before residents of Beverly enjoyed amenities that were increasingly being taken for granted in other communities.
Growth was fast, and in 1914, the following year, Beverly incorporated as a town.[8] That same year, Gustav C. Bergman was elected town mayor.[10] The town council needed a town hall, and Allan Merrick Jeffers, who also designed the Alberta Legislature Building, was brought in to do the design. Allan Merrick Jeffers served as the Alberta Provincial Architect from September 1907 – 1910.[11]
The town hall was a multi-purpose facility that also housed police, courts and the fire service on the main floor. The upper floor was used as a dance hall and a school. Located on the same site was the town jail and a corral. One of the famous five, Emily Murphy worked in the Beverly town hall as a Justice of the Peace.
For much of its life as an independent community, the economic backbone of the town came from coal mining. Records show there were over twenty larger coal mines in the area, and an unknown number of small operations as well. The GTPR even built a spur line to provide direct rail service to two of the largest mines.
The Great Depression of the 1930s was difficult on the prairies, and Beverly was hit particularly hard. In 1936, the town defaulted on its debt, and in 1937, the province appointed an administrator to manage the town. An administrator managed the town until 1948. "A provincial study revealed that by the end of the 1930s, many Beverly families had been on welfare more than ten years."[12]
In 1956, a royal commission recommended Beverly, as well as the Town of Jasper Place and portions of surrounding rural municipalities, amalgamate with Edmonton, to which then Mayor John Sehn agreed.[8] Five years later, in 1961, after being promised a new bridge for vehicular traffic across the North Saskatchewan River at 50 Street, residents of Beverly cast ballots in a referendum regarding amalgamation with Edmonton in which 62% voted in favour.[8] Beverly was subsequently absorbed by Edmonton on December 30, 1961,[13] with Edmonton assuming the town's $4.16 million debt ($37.5 million today).[8] The 50th Street bridge has yet to materialize.
Timeline
- 1897 - Cloverbar Mine known to be in operation by this year.
- 1904 - First recorded use of the name, Beverly, to describe the area.
- 1906 - Community is designated a hamlet.
- 1908 - Construction of Clover Bar Bridge completed.
- 1910 - The Grand Trunk Pacific Railway builds spur line to Humberstone and Cloverbar coal mines.
- 1913 - Community incorporates as the Village of Beverly on March 22.[3]
- 1914 - Village incorporates as the Town of Beverly on July 13.[3]
- 1936 - Town of Beverly defaults on its debt.
- 1937 - Province appoints administrator to run the town.
- 1953 - Beverly Bridge opened.
- 1954 - The Beverly Coal Mine stops production.
- 1955 - Jubilee Park built on old Beverly Coal Mine site.
- 1961 - The Town of Beverly amalgamates with City of Edmonton on December 30.[13]
Modern Beverly
In modern Edmonton, there are five neighbourhoods in the area within the former Town of Beverly[14] – Abbottsfield, Beacon Heights, Bergman, Beverly Heights, and Rundle Heights[15] – and the surrounding coal mines. While the coal mines are long closed, there are still many links to the old town today, from a park at the site of the Beverly Mine to buildings and neighbourhoods named for prominent residents of the old community.
Rundle Park, adjacent to the neighbourhood of Rundle Heights, has two distinctions. Named after Rev. Robert Rundle (1811–1896), the first Protestant missionary to serve at Fort Edmonton and was the first permanent missionary of any church to settle west of Manitoba. The other distinction is that the park was originally a landfill for the Town of Beverly.[15] Pipe houses located along the riverbanks of the North Saskatchewan River help expel the methane gas compressed below the park.
Abbottsfield takes its name as an extension from the Abbott School, which was originally named after World War I veteran, Abe Abbott. Abbott moved to Beverly in 1912 and was caretaker of Beverly School from 1922 to 1958. Abbott School was opened in 1960 as an Edmonton public elementary school. Abbottsfield was originally all coal mines. Set along the riverbanks were dozens of mines and were the main source of income for the residents of the Town of Beverly. Over 60% of Edmonton's coal needs in the early stages of the 20th century came from Beverly mines.[citation needed]
Demographics
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
|---|---|---|
| 1916 | 813 | — |
| 1921 | 1,039 | +27.8% |
| 1926 | 931 | −10.4% |
| 1931 | 1,111 | +19.3% |
| 1936 | 998 | −10.2% |
| 1941 | 981 | −1.7% |
| 1946 | 1,171 | +19.4% |
| 1951 | 2,159 | +84.4% |
| 1956 | 4,602 | +113.2% |
| 1961 | 9,041 | +96.5% |
| Source: Statistics Canada [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25] | ||
| Neighbourhood | Population (2012)[26] | Population (2009)[27] | Change (%) | Dwellings[26] | Area (km2)[28] | Density (people/km2) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Abbottsfield | 1,888 | 1,815 | 4.0 | 735 | 0.41 | 4,604.9 |
| Beacon Heights | 3,023 | 2,984 | 1.3 | 1,405 | 1.15 | 2,628.7 |
| Bergman | 1,454 | 1,433 | 1.5 | 577 | 0.71 | 2,047.9 |
| Beverly Heights | 3,200 | 3,375 | −5.2 | 1,777 | 1.38 | 2,318.8 |
| Rundle Heights | 3,359 | 3,405 | −1.4 | 1,426 | 0.82 | 4,096.3 |
| Total Beverly | 12,924 | 13,012 | −0.7 | 5,920 | 4.47 | 2,891.3 |
Government
Beverly had 18 leaders over 21 terms in the course of its history as an incorporated municipality. As a village, its first chairman was Robert T. Walker in 1913 followed by Bradley E. Simpson in 1914, both of which would later serve time as mayor in the 1920s. Upon achieving town status, Gustave C. Bergman was elected Beverly's first mayor in mid-1914. The last mayor of Beverly was John Sehn, who was the only to serve two separate terms while incorporated as a town – March 1957 to October 1959 and October 1961 to December 1961. Beverly had two administrators serve as the town's leader during the 12-year period when it was run by the province – Nicholas Rushton from February 1937 to June 1946 and Sidney V. Lea from June 1946 to June 1948.[3]
See also
References
- ^ a b (PDF). City of Edmonton. Archived from the original (PDF) on May 3, 2014. Retrieved February 13, 2013.
- ^ (PDF). City of Edmonton. Archived from the original (PDF) on September 4, 2013. Retrieved February 13, 2013.
- ^ a b c d e f Lawrence Herzog (2000). Built on coal: a history of Beverly, Edmonton's working class town. Beverly Community Development Society. pp. 15, 19 & 155.
- ^ a b . City of Edmonton. Archived from the original on 2016-03-03. Retrieved 2011-09-30.
- ^ "City Councillors". City of Edmonton. Retrieved February 13, 2013.
- ^ . Beverly Towne Community Development Society. Archived from the original on 2012-10-05. Retrieved 2011-09-30.
- ^ "City of Edmonton Population, Historical" (PDF). City of Edmonton, Planning and Development Department. August 2008. Retrieved 2012-01-23.
- ^ a b c d e "Dec. 30, 1961: One-time coal-mining town of Beverly swallowed up by Edmonton". Edmonton Journal. Postmedia Network Inc. December 29, 2012. Retrieved February 1, 2013.
- ^ Herzog, "Built on Coal", p. 16
- ^ The neighbourhood of Bergman located just north of the Beverly townsite was later named after Gustav C. Bergman.
- ^ Dictionary of Architects in Canada
- ^ Herzog, "Built on Coal", p. 59
- ^ a b History of Annexations (PDF) (PDF). City of Edmonton, Planning and Development Department. Retrieved December 29, 2014.
- ^ (PDF). City of Edmonton. March 2012. p. 3. Archived from the original (PDF) on September 4, 2013. Retrieved February 20, 2013.
- ^ a b Alexandra Zabjek (August 23, 2014). "'Small town' in the middle of Edmonton turns 100". Edmonton Journal. Postmedia Network. Retrieved August 24, 2014.
- ^ "Table I: Population of Manitoba, Saskatchewan, and Alberta by Districts, Townships, Cities, Towns, and Incorporated Villages in 1916, 1911, 1906, and 1901". Census of Prairie Provinces, 1916. Vol. Population and Agriculture. Ottawa: Government of Canada. 1918. pp. 77–140.
- ^ "Table 8: Population by districts and sub-districts according to the Redistribution Act of 1914 and the amending act of 1915, compared for the census years 1921, 1911 and 1901". Census of Canada, 1921. Ottawa: Government of Canada. 1922. pp. 169–215.
- ^ "Table 7: Population of cities, towns and villages for the province of Alberta in census years 1901-26, as classed in 1926". Census of Prairie Provinces, 1926. Vol. Census of Alberta, 1926. Ottawa: Government of Canada. 1927. pp. 565–567.
- ^ "Table 12: Population of Canada by provinces, counties or census divisions and subdivisions, 1871-1931". Census of Canada, 1931. Ottawa: Government of Canada. 1932. pp. 98–102.
- ^ "Table 4: Population in incorporated cities, towns and villages, 1901-1936". Census of the Prairie Provinces, 1936. Vol. I: Population and Agriculture. Ottawa: Dominion Bureau of Statistics. 1938. pp. 833–836.
- ^ "Table 10: Population by census subdivisions, 1871–1941". Eighth Census of Canada, 1941. Vol. II: Population by Local Subdivisions. Ottawa: Dominion Bureau of Statistics. 1944. pp. 134–141.
- ^ "Table 6: Population by census subdivisions, 1926-1946". Census of the Prairie Provinces, 1946. Vol. I: Population. Ottawa: Dominion Bureau of Statistics. 1949. pp. 401–414.
- ^ "Table 6: Population by census subdivisions, 1871–1951". Ninth Census of Canada, 1951. Vol. I: Population, General Characteristics. Ottawa: Dominion Bureau of Statistics. 1953. p. 6.73–6.83.
- ^ "Table 6: Population by sex, for census subdivisions, 1956 and 1951". Census of Canada, 1956. Vol. Population, Counties and Subdivisions. Ottawa: Dominion Bureau of Statistics. 1957. p. 6.50–6.53.
- ^ "Table 6: Population by census subdivisions, 1901–1961". 1961 Census of Canada. Series 1.1: Historical, 1901–1961. Vol. I: Population. Ottawa: Dominion Bureau of Statistics. 1963. p. 6.77–6.83.
- ^ a b "Municipal Census Results – Edmonton 2012 Census". City of Edmonton. Retrieved February 26, 2013.
- ^ "2009 Municipal Census Results". City of Edmonton. Retrieved February 26, 2013.
- ^ "Neighbourhoods (data plus kml file)". City of Edmonton. Retrieved February 26, 2013.
Further reading
- Herzog, Lawrence, "Built on Coal, A History of Beverly, Edmonton's Working Class Town", Beverly Community Development Society, 2000, Edmonton, Alberta.