Benadryl challenge

The Benadryl challenge is an internet challenge that emerged in 2020, revolving around the deliberate consumption, excessive use and overdose of the antihistamine medicine diphenhydramine (commonly sold in the United States under the brand name Benadryl),^[a] which acts as a deliriant in high doses.^[3] The challenge, which reportedly spread via the social media platform TikTok, instructs participants to film themselves consuming large doses of Benadryl and documenting the effect of tripping or hallucinating.

The recommended dosage of Benadryl tablets for adults is 1 to 2 tablets every 4 to 6 hours,^[1] and only 1 tablet every 4 to 6 hours for children under the age of 12.^[2]

Numerous authorities have advised against the challenge, as deliberate overconsumption of diphenhydramine can lead to adverse effects, including confusion, delirium, psychosis, organ damage, hyperthermia, convulsions, coma, and death. On September 24, 2020, the FDA formally released a statement advising parents and medical practitioners to be aware of the challenge's prevalence and its risks.^[4]

The recreational use of diphenhydramine and addiction is well-reported in medical literature, and overdoses are treatable with correct intervention. Its psychoactive effects at high dosages, which are a symptom of anticholinergic poisoning, are also well documented. In severe cases, the overdose of diphenhydramine and other anticholinergic medicines can lead to a phenomenon referred to as an anticholinergic toxidrome,^[5] which can affect organ systems throughout the body, including the nervous system and cardiovascular system.

Several participants have been hospitalized as a result of the challenge, including three teenagers admitted to the Cook Children's Medical Center after consuming at least 14 diphenhydramine tablets,^[6] and a 15-year-old Oklahoman teen who died from an overdose after attempting to take part.^[7][8][9] TikTok said it had not seen such "content trend" but proceeded to block the search term to prevent copycats.^[10]

Attention towards the challenge was renewed in 2023 when Jacob Stevens, 13, a citizen of Columbus, Ohio,^[10] died after six days in intensive care. Stevens had his friends film him as he consumed over a dozen Benadryl tablets, and began convulsing shortly afterwards. Upon admission to an intensive care unit, it was found that he had suffered critical brain damage, and he died following six days of mechanical ventilation.^[11] TikTok expressed sympathy for the family and reiterated that this type of content is prohibited on the platform.^[12] Hashtags such as "Benadryl" and "BenadrylChallenge" have been disabled, and the challenge does not appear to be widespread.^[10] Although searching for "Benadryl" has been blocked since 2020, it can still result in suggestions such as "bena challenge" or "benary changle" and videos related to the original challenge.^[11]

Hallucinations

The diphenhydramine from the pills can be a hallucinogen when taken in large quantities, People have reported seeing a figure known as "The Hat Man" as the result of 8-12 pills taken within a 15-minute span. People have described "The Hat Man" as a tall shadowy figure with a hat and red eyes.

See also

• Consumption of Tide Pods
• Recreational use of dextromethorphan
• Milk crate challenge, a risky physical challenge that gained popularity on TikTok in 2021
• Blackout challenge

Notes

1. In other countries, products sold under the brand name Benadryl may contain a different antihistamine; in the United Kingdom, this is the second-generation antihistamines acrivastine or cetirizine.

References

1. "Dosing Guide". Benadryl.com. from the original on September 28, 2020. Retrieved October 10, 2020.
2. Miller, Korin. . Health.com. Archived from the original on October 7, 2020. Retrieved October 10, 2020.
3. Krstic, Zee (September 9, 2020). "What Parents Needs to Know About the Potentially Deadly Benadryl TikTok Challenge". Good Housekeeping. from the original on October 12, 2020. Retrieved October 9, 2020.
4. "FDA warns about serious problems with high doses of the allergy medicine diphenhydramine (Benadryl)". Food and Drug Administration (Press release). September 24, 2020. from the original on September 24, 2020.
5. Broderick, Erin D.; Metheny, Heidi; Crosby, Brianna (2020). "Anticholinergic Toxicity". StatPearls. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing. PMID 30521219. from the original on October 11, 2021. Retrieved October 10, 2020.
6. "TikTok Videos Encourage Viewers to Overdose on Benadryl". Cook Children's Checkup Newsroom. from the original on October 8, 2020. Retrieved October 9, 2020.
7. "Dangerous 'Benadryl Challenge' on Tik Tok may be to blame for the death of Oklahoma teen". KFOR-TV. August 28, 2020. from the original on August 2, 2021. Retrieved October 9, 2020.
8. Hlavinka, Elizabeth (September 25, 2020). "Teen's Death Prompts Warning on 'Benadryl Challenge'". MedPage Today. from the original on September 29, 2020. Retrieved October 9, 2020.
9. Agate, Samantha (September 4, 2020). . Talent Recap. Archived from the original on January 13, 2021. Retrieved January 11, 2021.
10. . NBC Chicago. April 19, 2023. Archived from the original on April 19, 2023. Retrieved April 21, 2023.
11. McHardy, Martha (April 23, 2023). . The Independent. Archived from the original on April 24, 2023. Retrieved April 23, 2023.
12. Serrano, Jody (April 20, 2023). . Gizmodo. Archived from the original on April 20, 2023. Retrieved April 21, 2023.