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Bay View Association

May 08, 2024

The Bay View Association of the United Methodist Church, known as Bay View, is an example of two uniquely American community forms: the Methodist camp meeting and the independent Chautauqua. Designed for the first purpose in 1876 as the county's only romantically-planned campground, and adapted for the second from 1885 to 1915, Bay View has remained in continuous operation since its foundation.

The Bay View Association of the United Methodist Church
Crouse Chapel and some of the main Association Grounds
Interactive map
Nearest cityPetoskey, Michigan
Built1876
ArchitectEastlake, Stick, Queen Anne, Shingle
Architectural styleColonial Revival, Late Victorian
NRHP reference No.72000613
Significant dates
Added to NRHPMarch 16, 1972[2]
Designated NHLDDecember 23, 1987[1]
Designated MSHSJune 5, 1957[3]

Description edit

Bay View is incorporated as a domestic nonprofit organization under Act 39 of the Public Acts of 1899, being MCL 455.51.[4] Act 39 of the Public Acts of 1899 establishes Bay View as a body politic and corporate.[5] The association was originally formed as part of the Methodist Camp Meeting movement and adopted a Chautauqua program in 1886.

The association's grounds contain approximately 440 cottages and 30 community-owned buildings. There are two hotels on premises: Stafford's Bay View Inn (1886), and The Terrace Inn and 1911 Restaurant. Other facilities include a post office, beach with a swim area, children's pool and a sail house.[6] The community is located on about 340 heavily wooded acres (140 ha), dropping in a series of terraces from a 200-foot elevation (61 m) to the shore of Little Traverse Bay.[7] Residents lease the land under the cottages from the Association, which charges annual Chautauqua fees and taxes.

Bay View is located in the U.S. state of Michigan. It is located in Bear Creek Township, Emmet County on Little Traverse Bay and abuts the east side of the city of Petoskey along U.S. Highway 31. The ZIP code is 49770 and the FIPS place code is 06260. The association is bounded by Little Traverse Bay on the north, Division Road on the east, Petoskey city limits on the west, and on the south by the south line of Township 35 North. The Bay View census-designated place (CDP) includes the association grounds and additional areas east of Division Road. As of the 2010 census the population of the CDP was 133, due to the inclusion of an area outside of the association grounds in the CDP.[8]

Architecture edit

Nearly all the structures in the community were built in the 1875–1900 time period. Most buildings are Eastlake and Stick style, with some Queen Anne and Shingle style architecture.[9] Cottages are set on 50-foot lots (15 m) along gently curving streets running along the natural terraces. In the center of the community is The Campus (originally Tabernacle Park). Many of the larger communal structures are located here, including the original 1877 preaching stand, as well an 1880 book store and multiple educational buildings constructed around 1890.[9] In 1879, an artesian well water system was installed, providing spring water. However, the pipes were laid very shallowly, and had to be drained in the winter months to prevent freezing. Now, the community is closed from November through April, during which time the residences on the association grounds must be vacated.[9] John M. Hall Auditorium, replaced the 1881 Chapel and the 1887 New Tabernacle/Old Auditorium.[10]

History edit

 
Cottages in Bay View

Bay View was founded in 1875 by Michigan Methodists as a camp meeting "for scientific and intellectual culture, and for the promotion of religion and morality." Bay View's origins can be traced to the camp meeting movement which saw the development of similar resorts such as Wesleyan Grove on Martha's Vineyard, Ocean Grove, New Jersey, or Lakeside, Ohio.[7]

The group considered multiple locations, and eventually struck a deal with the citizens of Petoskey and the Grand Rapids and Indiana Railroad, where the Petoskey citizenry would pay to extend the railroad line from their town to Bay View, the railroad would purchase the site, and the Methodists would agree to improve the location and hold camp meetings there for fifteen years.[9] In 1876, the first group of Methodists travelled to the site, cleared an area of underbrush, and built a preaching stand and an audience area under the trees.[9] Dr. Seth Reed chose the name of Bay View. He was secretary of the Bay View Association for 14 years. Dr. Reed platted the grounds and named the streets, some of which were named after early settlers. On August 2, 1876, the first meeting was held at the site.[7] Dr. Pilcher suggested the name Bay View,[11] and selected the site of the Speaker's Stand.[12][13] He wrote articles of incorporation, stating the assembly was "organized for intellectual and scientific culture, and for the promotion of the cause of religion and morality."[14] Shelter at the time was only in tents. Construction of cottages began almost immediately, and by 1881 there were about 150 at the site.[9] By this time, the original religious-oriented camp meeting program had languished and the association hired John M. Hall to organize Bay View's interdenominational Assembly program:[15][16] a "Christian Institution of the broadest catholicity."[17][18] Departments included Bible, Missionary, Social, Health, Industrial, Country Life: American and International.[19]

Under the leadership of John M. Hall, Bay View adopted a Chautauqua program which included a series of educational lectures, classes, entertainment, political speeches, and music, began in 1886, and the community developed around these activities.[20] These programs, along with programs for children and a variety of classes, took place in July and August of each year. The program was immensely successful, as a result, number of cottages in the community soared, with 200 in 1887, 400 in 1895, and 500 in 1901. Many of these newcomers were from other, non-Methodist denominations, and many stayed all summer rather than for only a few weeks of the year. Hall writes of the transformation of Bay View from its camp meeting roots to a Chautauqua: "founded by Methodists, it is now by its organic law interdenominational in management and life. People of every denomination are there in large numbers and so beautiful is the hospitality of ideas that another's specific church affiliations never occurs to one."[21] In 1887, the Bay View Summer University opened. The University was associated with Albion College in 1919 until 1969.[9]

The Bay View Association was listed as a National Historic Landmark district in 1987 as "one of the finest remaining examples of two uniquely American community forms, the Methodist Camp Meeting and the independent Chautauqua."[1]

The Four Pillars of Chautauqua edit

Bay View's continues to the Chautauqua program established by John M. Hall to this day. The four pillars are arts, education, recreation, and religion.

Religion edit

Sundays find members and visitors participating in Communion, Sunday School and Assembly Worship. Vespers are now concerts beginning and ending with a hymn and closing benediction. Carillon bells call us to Worship and eventide. Youth groups, Bible studies and prayer meetings are offered throughout the summer. Daily Religion and Life lectures offer further study from Sunday's preacher.

History - Founders desired a setting for spiritual refreshment and renewal of soul, mind and body.[22] "We came to worship God, to establish a center of Christian influence,...a place where Christian people could meet, enjoy fellowship...where God shall be honored..."[23] "Tabernacle Park",[24] in the center of the grounds was "God's first temple", the camp meeting place.[25] "Rev. Dr. E.H. Pilcher, president, preached the opening sermon in 1876..., dedicating the grounds to the worship of Almighty God."[26] Soon thousands came by rail and boat for all-day Big Sundays filled with worship, singing, and learning.[27] Local Odawa and Ojibwa attended camp meeting services, where "Chief Petoskey's granddaughter accompanied the singing on the pump organ."[28][29] By 1885 Ministerial Unions, Preacher's Conferences for lay preachers and teachers were added.[30] Bay View's 25th anniversary pamphlet highlights that "Though a Methodist Institution, Bay View is not a church or denominational establishment, but a Christian Institution of the broadest catholicity, welcoming to full membership all men and women of any or no denomination who have a desire to be part of such a community as this."[31]

The first Sunday School Congress, 1877, featured famous preachers and teachers including Rev. Jesse Lyman Hurlbut and Frank Beard, initiator of Chalk Talks.[32] Inspirational lessons were taken from the "Course of Sabbath School Normal Lessons," developed at the Chautauqua Sunday School Conference.[33] Horace Hitchcock took over the popular Bay View Sunday school in 1886. Donations from state Sunday Schools provided funds for building of Hitchcock Hall, dedicated in 1889. John H. Vincent sent Chautauqua congratulations.[34]

Music Festival edit

The Bay View Music Festival is one of the longest running collegiate chamber music festivals in North America.[35] It was begun in 1886 with the choir from Court Street Methodist Church from Flint, Michigan.[36] The program grew rapidly led by respected musicians from conservatories in Detroit, Ann Arbor, and Chicago. The music program has been associated and accredited through Oberlin College, Cornell College, DePaul University, Albion College Alma College, and the University of Michigan. Most noted among the directors in the festival's 132-year history is William Reddick and Howard Barlow. Concertmaster Max Bendix of the Theodore Thomas Orchestra in Chicago was the first of many violinists including Robert Mann, Mikhail Press, Leon Marx, concertmaster of the Chicago Opera Orchestra and Austrian violinist Hugo Gottesmann.[37]

Madame Schumann Heink, Gladys Swarthout, John Charles Thomas, Richard Crooks, James Melton, Jennie Tourel, Martha Lipton, Thomas L. Thomas, Walter Taussig, Etta Moten, Mildred Dilling, Ossip and Clara Gabrilovisch, Jerome Hines, Sherrill Milnes, Diane Bish, George Shirley, Boston Brass, Ara Berberian, Martina Arroyo, and Virginia Zeani, are a few of the musicians to teach and perform at Bay View. The Fisk Jubilee Singers made four appearances as did other jubilee groups. The Williams' Jubilee Singers were the featured group to open the John M. Hall Auditorium in 1914.[38]

The festival has followed the national trends over the decades in featuring large choral works, classical music, devotional repertoire, chamber music, and recently has included a wide variety of popular groups to appeal the variety of musical tastes.

Theatrical production date back to the 1890s with road shows such as the Ben Greet Players and sporadic local productions. It became a regular feature of the Performing Arts Department when New York tenor Director Willard Pierce joined the music staff.[39] Plays, musicals, children's productions, and opera productions are all featured on the annual schedule.[40]

Today, the Bay View Music Festival offers approximately 180 students scholarships for coaching and teaching chamber music, vocal performance, collaborative piano, opera, musical theater taught by over 40 faculty members. An annual hand bell concert features directors and professionals from all over the US. A special opera seminar is offered in June. The 10-week program includes a mix of nearly 80 theatrical productions, recitals, chamber music concerts, choral performances, brass, woodwind and string instrument concerts and appearances by classical artists and famous jazz and popular individuals and groups.[40]

Recreation edit

The Bay View Recreation program offers recreational activities for people of all ages[41] and has always been a primary element of the Bay View Association. It is one of the pillars of its Chautauqua foundation.[42] The program revolves around the Day Camp (Boys & Girls Club) that offers a safe, stimulating environment in which children participate in healthy and creative activities. From mid-June to August, children participate in age-appropriate morning activities at Tot Lot (ages 3–4), Fawns (5-6), and Boys' And Girls' Club (7-14).[43] These activities include games, athletics, arts & crafts, songs, scavenger hunts, and educational programming.[43] The camp is located at Swift Field, centrally located in the community. Every Friday, an all-camp event is held for a large group activity such as the carnival, capture the flag, and the Ernie Gray Olympics. In the afternoon, activities move to the waterfront where children can participate in swimming, tennis, and sailing, including lessons in each activity. Weekend activities include tennis tournaments and sailing races.[41] On Monday nights, the recreation program hosts a community hotdog roast.[41] The motto of the Boys and Girls Club is "Fun and recreation for all."[43]

The recreational facilities include Swift Field, the Tot Lot building, the Fawn House, the Boys & Girls Club clubhouse, the craft house, 3 playgrounds, 9 tennis courts, 4 pickleball courts, the boathouse (with sunfish, lasers, kayaks, paddle boards, and other boats available for use by the community),[44] a beach, a children's pool, a teen center, a fitness trail, lawn bowling, shuffleboard, and croquet courts. There are also 167 acres of pristine woods with trails[45] along with multiple parks and open spaces around the community grounds.[46]

In 2020, Bay View enhanced its waterfront with a 125-foot extension to its pier. This was a multimillion dollar project aimed at increasing safety for the swimming and boating areas and to protect against erosion.[47]

History - The site of Bay View was chosen in part for its recreational opportunities. In 1875, the Conference Committee tasked with locating a proposed site for what would become Bay View foresaw "the great summer resort of the northwest…for scores of miles in almost every direction offers facilities for recreation which are simply endless."[42] At the 2nd Annual Meeting, the trustees were asked to amend the By Laws to add the Committee on Recreations to its list of standing Committees.[48] By 1901, the Boys and Girls Club was established.[49]

In 1910, additional development expanded the waterfront program with the construction of Recreation Hall on the shoreline. The building contained a swimming pool and a 4-lane bowling alley.[50] Long since removed, the building now houses the "Rec Club" teen center and the boathouse. In the early 1920s, what would become Swift Field was developed. Since its dedication in 1924, it has been the central location for land-based recreational activities for youth, including baseball, archery, tetherball, badminton, and ping-pong.[51] In 1955, the Boys and Girls Clubhouse was erected at Swift Field. The Boys & Girls Club evolved during this time and came to its modern form under the direction of Ernie Gray.[52] Activities were organized for children, ages 3–14. Swimming lessons, sailing, and tennis were also incorporated into the afternoon programming.[52]

Education edit

Education has been an important part of the Chautauqua movement, beginning with the New York Chautauqua Institution then spreading to Bay View Association and other Midwest Chautauquas.[53]

Bay View offered more than sixty classes in 2017 including art, literature, history, reading circles, and culinary classes.[54] Education classes have been offered in Bay View for over a century. In 1888, a comprehensive set of Education courses was offered. This School of Liberal Arts attracted college professors to teach the courses. A School of Elocution was part of the curriculum in that year.[55]

Guest Lecturers have been enhancing the summer experience for over one hundred years. In 1895, Jane Addams, leader of the settlement house movement, spoke on 'The Inception, Establishment, & Accomplishments of Chicago's Hull House'.[56] She returned in 1903 to speak on her controversial stand on saloons and dancing.[57] Helen Keller came to speak in 1913 on 'The Heart & the Hand; or the Right use of our senses'.[56] Each year American Experience lecturers visit and speak on campus, as well as Faith lecturers as part of the Religion Program. Recent Lecturers include David Kennedy in 2016. Professor Kennedy, a Pulitzer Prize winner, presented a series of lectures on 'WWII and the World It Made'.[58] Reverend Dr. Barbara Essex gave a series of 5 lectures in 2012.[59] Dr. Akhil Reed Amar, Professor of Constitutional Law at Yale University lectured in 2012 and will be the 2018 American Experience speaker.[60]

Each year, Bay View initiates a 'Big Read' where a book is selected for all the surrounding communities to read. The author visits in July and holds a discussion on Bay View's campus. In 2017 the 'Big Read' was "Terror in the City of Champions – Murder, Baseball, and the Secret Society that Shocked Depression-era Detroit" by Tom Stanton.[61]

Gallery edit

  •  
    Bay View in 1986
  •  
    View of Association Grounds
  •  
    Woman's Council building
  •  
    Post office
  •  
    Bay View sign on US31

Controversies edit

On August 7, 2018 the Bay View Association removed the requirement that members be of "Christian persuasion." Nearly 70 percent of Bay View members voted in favor of the amendment, which immediately went into effect.[62] Membership in the Bay View Association is required to own a cottage in the community.[63] That vote left in place a bylaw which required that five of the nine members of the resort's ruling board must be Methodist.[64] A subsequent lawsuit resulted in a consent decree, approved by the board on July 9, 2019, which removed that requirement.[65][66]

The Bay View Association has had other membership requirements. When the association was founded in 1875 there were no explicit requirements, but in 1942 the Bay View Board adopted the following resolution: "No person shall be accepted as a member of this association or be allowed to rent or lease property or a room, for longer than a period of one day, unless such person is of the white race and a Christian who must provide acceptable and good recommendations. This resolution does not apply to servants within a household or to employes[sic]".

In 1947 the by-laws were revised to add "Any person twenty-one years of age and good moral character, by a two-thirds vote of the Board of Trustees, may be accepted as a member of this Association provided that he or she is of the Caucasian race and of Christian persuasion." The two provisions Caucasian requirements were removed in 1959.[67]

From the 1960s through to the 1980s there was a quota on how many Catholics were allowed to be members. Membership of Catholics was not to exceed 10% of the total membership. Once the quota was met additional Catholics applicants were rejected. This quota requirement was abandoned in the 1980s.[67]

On August 6, 2011, the Bay View Association members voted on a proposal that would remove the Christian affiliation requirement. The proposal was defeated by a vote of 52% (381 members) opposed to 48% (346 members) in favor of the proposal. The proposal needed a two thirds majority to pass.[68]

On August 3, 2013, another vote was taken to change the membership qualification requirements to include non-Christians. The proposal was again defeated by a vote of 51.85% (364 members) for the change to 48.14% (338 members) opposed to the change. A two-thirds majority is required to pass the amendment.[69]

The Board, led by President Jon Chism, held the belief that Bay View should defend the membership requirements, resulting in a increase in the Association's directors and officers insurance.

In July 2017, The Bay View Chautauqua Inclusiveness Group filed a civil rights and religious discrimination lawsuit against the Bay View Association in the U. S. District Court for the Western District of Michigan.[70] [71]

In May 2019, mediation resulted in an agreement to resolve the controversy. The agreement was implemented on July 18, 2019 by a Consent Order from the U.S. District Court for the Western District of Michigan. There is no longer any religious requirement for membership in the Association or to buy a cottage.[72]

The Consent Order which ended the membership controversy did not restrict the religious program of the Association. As a Chautauqua, the Bay View Association conducts programming in the areas of religion, education, recreation, and the performing arts. The Association employs a Director of Worship and Religious Activities, conducts Sunday worship services, and presents lectures on religious subjects daily during the summer Assembly Season. All elements of all the programs are open to the general public.[73]

The Association's Mission Statement is also not affected by the Court's Order.[72] The mission of the Bay View Association is to be an institution in which Christian values and traditions are central; To enrich the human experience for individuals and families within Bay View and the surrounding community through a seasonal program of religious, educational, cultural and recreational opportunities; And to provide a Christian perspective in a changing world.[74]

In July 2020, Bay View faced backlash from their community for perceived racist activity. Members in support of the Black Lives Matter movement wrote the names of Black victims of police brutality on sidewalks in Bay View as part of the "say their names" campaign. The President of the Board of Trustees ordered the grounds crew to wash away the chalk, and sent an email to members threatening to fine those who chalked the sidewalk. This sparked divisive discourse within the association. Members asked the Board of Trustees to release a statement condemning racism, which the Board ultimately voted against in a 7 - 2 vote.

See also edit

References edit

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  2. ^ "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. January 23, 2007.
  3. ^ State of Michigan (2009). . Archived from the original on May 11, 2012. Retrieved June 26, 2010.
  4. ^ "Search Summary State of Michigan Corporations Division".
  5. ^ "Michigan Legislature - Section 455.51".
  6. ^ , Bay View Association, archived from the original on August 3, 2014, retrieved August 14, 2014
  7. ^ a b c Ellen Weiss (April 1986), National Register of Historic Places Inventory-Nomination Form: Bay View Association, File Unit: National Register of Historic Places and National Historic Landmarks Program Records: Michigan, 1964 - 2013
  8. ^ "Governmental Unit Reference Map". American Factfinder. U.S. Census Bureau. Archived from the original (PDF) on February 13, 2020. Retrieved February 11, 2016.
  9. ^ a b c d e f g William Lowery (October 19, 1971), National Register of Historic Places Inventory-Nomination Form: Bay View
  10. ^ Fennimore, Keith J. The Heritage of Bay View 1875-1975, Wm B. Eerdmans Publ. Co., 1975. p. 83
  11. ^ Pilcher, Elijah Pilcher Memoirs, Burton Historical Collection, Detroit Public Library, 1885, sited in Doerr, Mary Jane. Bay View, An American Idea, Allegan Forest, Michigan: The Priscilla Press, 2010. p. 29
  12. ^ Pilcher, Elijah Pilcher Memoirs, Burton Historical Collection, Detroit Public Library, 1885, p. 557, sited in Doerr, Mary Jane. Bay View, An American Idea, Allegan Forest, Michigan: The Priscilla Press, 2010, p. 23
  13. ^ Shier, Rev. Dr. William H., "Bay View History" (10th Anniversary), in Kennedy, Hugh. Golden Jubilee: Fifty Years of Bay View, Bay View: Bay View Camp Ground Association, 1925. Printed by Ralston Printing Co., Detroit, Michigan, p.7
  14. ^ Wheeler, Clark S. Bay View, Michigan, Petoskey, Mich.: C.E. Garvin Co., 1950. p. 88
  15. ^ Bay View Magazine. May 1911; "The Rise of Bay View", a promotional article by John M. Hall titled, unnumbered
  16. ^ Kennedy, Hugh. Golden Jubilee: Fifty Years of Bay View, Bay View: Bay View Camp Ground Association, 1925. Printed by Ralston Printing Co., Detroit, Michigan. p. 22
  17. ^ Souvenir 25th Anniversary, Bay View Summer Resort 1900, Grand Rapids Engraving Co., Grand Rapids, Michigan, USA p. 3
  18. ^ Kennedy, Hugh. Golden Jubilee: Fifty Years of Bay View, Bay View: Bay View Camp Ground Association, 1925. Printed by Ralston Printing Co., Detroit, Michigan. p.13
  19. ^ Kennedy, Hugh. Golden Jubilee: Fifty Years of Bay View, Bay View: Bay View Camp Ground Association, Printed by Ralston Printing Co., Detroit, Michigan, 1925. p. 32
  20. ^ Romig, Walter (1986) [1973]. Michigan Place Names. Detroit, Michigan: Wayne State University Press. ISBN 0-8143-1838-X.
  21. ^ The Bay View Magazine, 1909 page 563 https://www.gwood.us/media/1332/bay-view-magazine-may-1909a.pdf
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  24. ^ Doerr, Mary Jane. Bay View, An American Idea, Allegan Forest, Michigan: The Priscilla Press, 2010. p. 23
  25. ^ Fennimore, Keith J. The Heritage of Bay View 1875-1975, Wm B. Eerdmans Publ. Co., 1975. p. 197
  26. ^ Shier, Rev. Dr. William H., Bay View History, 10th Anniversary, in Kennedy, Hugh. Golden Jubilee: Fifty Years of Bay View, Bay View: Bay View Camp Ground Association, 1925. Printed by Ralston Printing Co., Detroit, Michigan. p. 7
  27. ^ Bay View Magazine, June 1897: "Summer Life in Bay View", unnumbered
  28. ^ Wheeler, Clark S. Bay View, Michigan, Petoskey, Mich.: C.E. Garvin Co., 1950. p. 31
  29. ^ Doerr, Mary Jane. Bay View, An American Idea, Allegan Forest, Michigan: The Priscilla Press, 2010. p. 33
  30. ^ Fennimore, Keith J. The Heritage of Bay View 1875-1975, Wm B. Eerdmans Publ. Co., 1975. p.73
  31. ^ Bay View 25th Anniversary, 1900 https://clarkedigitalcollections.cmich.edu/?a=d&d=Clarke1900-01.1.3&e=-------en-10--1--txt-txIN--------
  32. ^ Kennedy, Hugh. Golden Jubilee: Fifty Years of Bay View, Bay View: Bay View Camp Ground Association, Printed by Ralston Printing Co., Detroit, Michigan, 1925. p. 8
  33. ^ SS Congress: July 24–31, 1877, unnumbered
  34. ^ Daily Resorter, July 29, 1889, sited in Doerr, Mary Jane. Bay View, An American Idea, Allegan Forest, Michigan: The Priscilla Press, 2010. p. 34
  35. ^ "Bay View Music Festival". bayviewassociation.org.
  36. ^ Mary Jane Doerr. Bay View, An American idea. Priscilla Press. Allergan, MI. 2010. p. 138.
  37. ^ Mary Jane Doerr. Bay View, An American idea. Priscilla Press. Allergan, MI. 2010. pp. 138-154.
  38. ^ Mary Jane Doerr. Bay View, An American Idea. Priscilla Press. Allegan, MI. 2010. pp. 174-181.
  39. ^ Mary Jane Doerr. Bay View, An American idea. Priscilla Press. Allergan, MI. 2010. pp. 138-154.
  40. ^ a b Bay View Summer Program, Bay View Association. Bay View, Michigan, 2018. http://www.bayviewassociation.org/music-festival Retrieved April 25, 2018
  41. ^ a b c Bay View Summer Program, Bay View Association. Bay View, Michigan, 2019.
  42. ^ a b Fennimore, Keith J. The Heritage of Bay View 1875-1975, WM B. Eerdmans Publishing Co. Grand Rapids, MI 1975. p.165
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  44. ^ "The Bay View Association Waterfront Petoskey Michigan". www.bayviewassociation.org. Retrieved May 3, 2021.
  45. ^ "Bay View open to all". www.petoskeynews.com. Retrieved May 3, 2021.
  46. ^ Member Directory, Bay View Association. Bay View, Michigan, 2020.
  47. ^ "Work begins on Bay View waterfront protection, enhancement project". www.petoskeynews.com. Retrieved May 3, 2021.
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  53. ^ "The Chautauqua Movement - The Chautauqua Trailwebsite=www.chautauquatrail.com".
  54. ^ Bay View 2017 Summer Program, The Bay View Association. 2017. pp.26-37
  55. ^ Fennimore, Keith J. The Heritage of Bay View 1875-1975, WM B. Eerdmans Publishing Co. Grand Rapids, MI 1975. pp.100-101
  56. ^ a b Fennimore, Keith J. The Heritage of Bay View 1875-1975, WM B. Eerdmans Publishing Co. Grand Rapids, MI 1975. p.146
  57. ^ Doerr, Mary Jane. Bay View, An American Idea. Priscilla Press. Allegan, MI. 2010. p.83
  58. ^ "Rev. Daniel Moser, David Kennedy to speak at Bay View".
  59. ^ Bay View 2012 Summer Program, The Bay View Association. 2012. p.18
  60. ^ . Bay View Association. Archived from the original on May 9, 2018.
  61. ^ . bestthingsmi.com. Archived from the original on May 9, 2018. Retrieved May 8, 2018.
  62. ^ (PDF). bayviewassociation.org. Archived from the original (PDF) on September 6, 2018. Retrieved October 14, 2018.
  63. ^ Bay View Members, Family, and Friends. (PDF). Bay View Chautauqua. Archived from the original (PDF) on October 12, 2015.
  64. ^ Bay View eliminates 'Christian persuasion' bylaw Detroit News Aug 7 2018 https://www.detroitnews.com/story/news/local/michigan/2018/08/06/michigans-bay-view-resort-eliminates-christian-persuasion-bylaw/917948002/
  65. ^ Christian requirement at Northern Michigan resort illegal, federal government says MLive Michigan July 10, 2019 https://www.mlive.com/news/grand-rapids/2019/07/christian-requirement-at-northern-michigan-resort-illegal-federal-government-says.html
  66. ^ A closer look at the new Bay View lawsuit Petoskey News-Review April 24, 2019 https://www.petoskeynews.com/story/news/local/2019/04/24/a-closer-look-at-the-new-bay-view-lawsui/44220071/
  67. ^ a b Arthur Anderson, , archived from the original on May 16, 2022, retrieved August 7, 2023{{citation}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  68. ^ Bentley, Ryan (August 12, 2011). . PetoskeyNews.com. Archived from the original on August 13, 2013. Retrieved September 14, 2012.
  69. ^ Ryan Bentley (August 8, 2013), "Religious membership restriction remains after Bay View vote", Petoskey News-Review
  70. ^ Arielle Hines (July 14, 2017), "Prejudice? Lawsuit claims Bay View religious requirement is discriminatory", Petoskey News-Review
  71. ^ Connor Hansen (July 17, 2017), "Group files lawsuit against Bay View Association for "religious discrimination"", UpNorthLive.com
  72. ^ a b United States District Court Western District Of Michigan (July 18, 2019), "Bay View Chautauqua Inclusiveness Group v. Bay View Association of the United Methodist Church, et al., No. 1:17-CV-0622", The United States Department of Justice, retrieved October 1, 2019
  73. ^ Bay View Summer Program, Bay View Association. Bay View, Michigan, 2019. http://www.bayviewassociation.org/worship Retrieved October 1, 2019
  74. ^ Bay View Summer Program, Bay View Association. Bay View, Michigan, 2019. http://www.bayviewassociation.org Retrieved October 1, 2019

, State of Michigan (archived), archived from the original on May 11, 2012

External links edit

  • Bay View Association of the United Methodist Church

45°23′08″N 84°55′49″W / 45.38556°N 84.93028°W / 45.38556; -84.93028

May 08, 2024
view, association, united, methodist, church, known, view, example, uniquely, american, community, forms, methodist, camp, meeting, independent, chautauqua, designed, first, purpose, 1876, county, only, romantically, planned, campground, adapted, second, from,. The Bay View Association of the United Methodist Church known as Bay View is an example of two uniquely American community forms the Methodist camp meeting and the independent Chautauqua Designed for the first purpose in 1876 as the county s only romantically planned campground and adapted for the second from 1885 to 1915 Bay View has remained in continuous operation since its foundation The Bay View Association of the United Methodist ChurchU S National Register of Historic PlacesU S National Historic Landmark DistrictMichigan State Historic SiteCrouse Chapel and some of the main Association GroundsShow map of MichiganShow map of the United StatesInteractive mapNearest cityPetoskey MichiganBuilt1876ArchitectEastlake Stick Queen Anne ShingleArchitectural styleColonial Revival Late VictorianNRHP reference No 72000613Significant datesAdded to NRHPMarch 16 1972 2 Designated NHLDDecember 23 1987 1 Designated MSHSJune 5 1957 3 Contents 1 Description 1 1 Architecture 2 History 3 The Four Pillars of Chautauqua 3 1 Religion 3 2 Music Festival 3 3 Recreation 3 4 Education 4 Gallery 5 Controversies 6 See also 7 References 8 External linksDescription editBay View is incorporated as a domestic nonprofit organization under Act 39 of the Public Acts of 1899 being MCL 455 51 4 Act 39 of the Public Acts of 1899 establishes Bay View as a body politic and corporate 5 The association was originally formed as part of the Methodist Camp Meeting movement and adopted a Chautauqua program in 1886 The association s grounds contain approximately 440 cottages and 30 community owned buildings There are two hotels on premises Stafford s Bay View Inn 1886 and The Terrace Inn and 1911 Restaurant Other facilities include a post office beach with a swim area children s pool and a sail house 6 The community is located on about 340 heavily wooded acres 140 ha dropping in a series of terraces from a 200 foot elevation 61 m to the shore of Little Traverse Bay 7 Residents lease the land under the cottages from the Association which charges annual Chautauqua fees and taxes Bay View is located in the U S state of Michigan It is located in Bear Creek Township Emmet County on Little Traverse Bay and abuts the east side of the city of Petoskey along U S Highway 31 The ZIP code is 49770 and the FIPS place code is 06260 The association is bounded by Little Traverse Bay on the north Division Road on the east Petoskey city limits on the west and on the south by the south line of Township 35 North The Bay View census designated place CDP includes the association grounds and additional areas east of Division Road As of the 2010 census the population of the CDP was 133 due to the inclusion of an area outside of the association grounds in the CDP 8 Architecture edit Nearly all the structures in the community were built in the 1875 1900 time period Most buildings are Eastlake and Stick style with some Queen Anne and Shingle style architecture 9 Cottages are set on 50 foot lots 15 m along gently curving streets running along the natural terraces In the center of the community is The Campus originally Tabernacle Park Many of the larger communal structures are located here including the original 1877 preaching stand as well an 1880 book store and multiple educational buildings constructed around 1890 9 In 1879 an artesian well water system was installed providing spring water However the pipes were laid very shallowly and had to be drained in the winter months to prevent freezing Now the community is closed from November through April during which time the residences on the association grounds must be vacated 9 John M Hall Auditorium replaced the 1881 Chapel and the 1887 New Tabernacle Old Auditorium 10 History edit nbsp Cottages in Bay View Bay View was founded in 1875 by Michigan Methodists as a camp meeting for scientific and intellectual culture and for the promotion of religion and morality Bay View s origins can be traced to the camp meeting movement which saw the development of similar resorts such as Wesleyan Grove on Martha s Vineyard Ocean Grove New Jersey or Lakeside Ohio 7 The group considered multiple locations and eventually struck a deal with the citizens of Petoskey and the Grand Rapids and Indiana Railroad where the Petoskey citizenry would pay to extend the railroad line from their town to Bay View the railroad would purchase the site and the Methodists would agree to improve the location and hold camp meetings there for fifteen years 9 In 1876 the first group of Methodists travelled to the site cleared an area of underbrush and built a preaching stand and an audience area under the trees 9 Dr Seth Reed chose the name of Bay View He was secretary of the Bay View Association for 14 years Dr Reed platted the grounds and named the streets some of which were named after early settlers On August 2 1876 the first meeting was held at the site 7 Dr Pilcher suggested the name Bay View 11 and selected the site of the Speaker s Stand 12 13 He wrote articles of incorporation stating the assembly was organized for intellectual and scientific culture and for the promotion of the cause of religion and morality 14 Shelter at the time was only in tents Construction of cottages began almost immediately and by 1881 there were about 150 at the site 9 By this time the original religious oriented camp meeting program had languished and the association hired John M Hall to organize Bay View s interdenominational Assembly program 15 16 a Christian Institution of the broadest catholicity 17 18 Departments included Bible Missionary Social Health Industrial Country Life American and International 19 Under the leadership of John M Hall Bay View adopted a Chautauqua program which included a series of educational lectures classes entertainment political speeches and music began in 1886 and the community developed around these activities 20 These programs along with programs for children and a variety of classes took place in July and August of each year The program was immensely successful as a result number of cottages in the community soared with 200 in 1887 400 in 1895 and 500 in 1901 Many of these newcomers were from other non Methodist denominations and many stayed all summer rather than for only a few weeks of the year Hall writes of the transformation of Bay View from its camp meeting roots to a Chautauqua founded by Methodists it is now by its organic law interdenominational in management and life People of every denomination are there in large numbers and so beautiful is the hospitality of ideas that another s specific church affiliations never occurs to one 21 In 1887 the Bay View Summer University opened The University was associated with Albion College in 1919 until 1969 9 The Bay View Association was listed as a National Historic Landmark district in 1987 as one of the finest remaining examples of two uniquely American community forms the Methodist Camp Meeting and the independent Chautauqua 1 The Four Pillars of Chautauqua editBay View s continues to the Chautauqua program established by John M Hall to this day The four pillars are arts education recreation and religion Religion edit Sundays find members and visitors participating in Communion Sunday School and Assembly Worship Vespers are now concerts beginning and ending with a hymn and closing benediction Carillon bells call us to Worship and eventide Youth groups Bible studies and prayer meetings are offered throughout the summer Daily Religion and Life lectures offer further study from Sunday s preacher History Founders desired a setting for spiritual refreshment and renewal of soul mind and body 22 We came to worship God to establish a center of Christian influence a place where Christian people could meet enjoy fellowship where God shall be honored 23 Tabernacle Park 24 in the center of the grounds was God s first temple the camp meeting place 25 Rev Dr E H Pilcher president preached the opening sermon in 1876 dedicating the grounds to the worship of Almighty God 26 Soon thousands came by rail and boat for all day Big Sundays filled with worship singing and learning 27 Local Odawa and Ojibwa attended camp meeting services where Chief Petoskey s granddaughter accompanied the singing on the pump organ 28 29 By 1885 Ministerial Unions Preacher s Conferences for lay preachers and teachers were added 30 Bay View s 25th anniversary pamphlet highlights that Though a Methodist Institution Bay View is not a church or denominational establishment but a Christian Institution of the broadest catholicity welcoming to full membership all men and women of any or no denomination who have a desire to be part of such a community as this 31 The first Sunday School Congress 1877 featured famous preachers and teachers including Rev Jesse Lyman Hurlbut and Frank Beard initiator of Chalk Talks 32 Inspirational lessons were taken from the Course of Sabbath School Normal Lessons developed at the Chautauqua Sunday School Conference 33 Horace Hitchcock took over the popular Bay View Sunday school in 1886 Donations from state Sunday Schools provided funds for building of Hitchcock Hall dedicated in 1889 John H Vincent sent Chautauqua congratulations 34 Music Festival edit The Bay View Music Festival is one of the longest running collegiate chamber music festivals in North America 35 It was begun in 1886 with the choir from Court Street Methodist Church from Flint Michigan 36 The program grew rapidly led by respected musicians from conservatories in Detroit Ann Arbor and Chicago The music program has been associated and accredited through Oberlin College Cornell College DePaul University Albion College Alma College and the University of Michigan Most noted among the directors in the festival s 132 year history is William Reddick and Howard Barlow Concertmaster Max Bendix of the Theodore Thomas Orchestra in Chicago was the first of many violinists including Robert Mann Mikhail Press Leon Marx concertmaster of the Chicago Opera Orchestra and Austrian violinist Hugo Gottesmann 37 Madame Schumann Heink Gladys Swarthout John Charles Thomas Richard Crooks James Melton Jennie Tourel Martha Lipton Thomas L Thomas Walter Taussig Etta Moten Mildred Dilling Ossip and Clara Gabrilovisch Jerome Hines Sherrill Milnes Diane Bish George Shirley Boston Brass Ara Berberian Martina Arroyo and Virginia Zeani are a few of the musicians to teach and perform at Bay View The Fisk Jubilee Singers made four appearances as did other jubilee groups The Williams Jubilee Singers were the featured group to open the John M Hall Auditorium in 1914 38 The festival has followed the national trends over the decades in featuring large choral works classical music devotional repertoire chamber music and recently has included a wide variety of popular groups to appeal the variety of musical tastes Theatrical production date back to the 1890s with road shows such as the Ben Greet Players and sporadic local productions It became a regular feature of the Performing Arts Department when New York tenor Director Willard Pierce joined the music staff 39 Plays musicals children s productions and opera productions are all featured on the annual schedule 40 Today the Bay View Music Festival offers approximately 180 students scholarships for coaching and teaching chamber music vocal performance collaborative piano opera musical theater taught by over 40 faculty members An annual hand bell concert features directors and professionals from all over the US A special opera seminar is offered in June The 10 week program includes a mix of nearly 80 theatrical productions recitals chamber music concerts choral performances brass woodwind and string instrument concerts and appearances by classical artists and famous jazz and popular individuals and groups 40 Recreation edit The Bay View Recreation program offers recreational activities for people of all ages 41 and has always been a primary element of the Bay View Association It is one of the pillars of its Chautauqua foundation 42 The program revolves around the Day Camp Boys amp Girls Club that offers a safe stimulating environment in which children participate in healthy and creative activities From mid June to August children participate in age appropriate morning activities at Tot Lot ages 3 4 Fawns 5 6 and Boys And Girls Club 7 14 43 These activities include games athletics arts amp crafts songs scavenger hunts and educational programming 43 The camp is located at Swift Field centrally located in the community Every Friday an all camp event is held for a large group activity such as the carnival capture the flag and the Ernie Gray Olympics In the afternoon activities move to the waterfront where children can participate in swimming tennis and sailing including lessons in each activity Weekend activities include tennis tournaments and sailing races 41 On Monday nights the recreation program hosts a community hotdog roast 41 The motto of the Boys and Girls Club is Fun and recreation for all 43 The recreational facilities include Swift Field the Tot Lot building the Fawn House the Boys amp Girls Club clubhouse the craft house 3 playgrounds 9 tennis courts 4 pickleball courts the boathouse with sunfish lasers kayaks paddle boards and other boats available for use by the community 44 a beach a children s pool a teen center a fitness trail lawn bowling shuffleboard and croquet courts There are also 167 acres of pristine woods with trails 45 along with multiple parks and open spaces around the community grounds 46 In 2020 Bay View enhanced its waterfront with a 125 foot extension to its pier This was a multimillion dollar project aimed at increasing safety for the swimming and boating areas and to protect against erosion 47 History The site of Bay View was chosen in part for its recreational opportunities In 1875 the Conference Committee tasked with locating a proposed site for what would become Bay View foresaw the great summer resort of the northwest for scores of miles in almost every direction offers facilities for recreation which are simply endless 42 At the 2nd Annual Meeting the trustees were asked to amend the By Laws to add the Committee on Recreations to its list of standing Committees 48 By 1901 the Boys and Girls Club was established 49 In 1910 additional development expanded the waterfront program with the construction of Recreation Hall on the shoreline The building contained a swimming pool and a 4 lane bowling alley 50 Long since removed the building now houses the Rec Club teen center and the boathouse In the early 1920s what would become Swift Field was developed Since its dedication in 1924 it has been the central location for land based recreational activities for youth including baseball archery tetherball badminton and ping pong 51 In 1955 the Boys and Girls Clubhouse was erected at Swift Field The Boys amp Girls Club evolved during this time and came to its modern form under the direction of Ernie Gray 52 Activities were organized for children ages 3 14 Swimming lessons sailing and tennis were also incorporated into the afternoon programming 52 Education edit Education has been an important part of the Chautauqua movement beginning with the New York Chautauqua Institution then spreading to Bay View Association and other Midwest Chautauquas 53 Bay View offered more than sixty classes in 2017 including art literature history reading circles and culinary classes 54 Education classes have been offered in Bay View for over a century In 1888 a comprehensive set of Education courses was offered This School of Liberal Arts attracted college professors to teach the courses A School of Elocution was part of the curriculum in that year 55 Guest Lecturers have been enhancing the summer experience for over one hundred years In 1895 Jane Addams leader of the settlement house movement spoke on The Inception Establishment amp Accomplishments of Chicago s Hull House 56 She returned in 1903 to speak on her controversial stand on saloons and dancing 57 Helen Keller came to speak in 1913 on The Heart amp the Hand or the Right use of our senses 56 Each year American Experience lecturers visit and speak on campus as well as Faith lecturers as part of the Religion Program Recent Lecturers include David Kennedy in 2016 Professor Kennedy a Pulitzer Prize winner presented a series of lectures on WWII and the World It Made 58 Reverend Dr Barbara Essex gave a series of 5 lectures in 2012 59 Dr Akhil Reed Amar Professor of Constitutional Law at Yale University lectured in 2012 and will be the 2018 American Experience speaker 60 Each year Bay View initiates a Big Read where a book is selected for all the surrounding communities to read The author visits in July and holds a discussion on Bay View s campus In 2017 the Big Read was Terror in the City of Champions Murder Baseball and the Secret Society that Shocked Depression era Detroit by Tom Stanton 61 Gallery edit nbsp Bay View in 1986 nbsp View of Association Grounds nbsp Woman s Council building nbsp Post office nbsp Bay View sign on US31Controversies editOn August 7 2018 the Bay View Association removed the requirement that members be of Christian persuasion Nearly 70 percent of Bay View members voted in favor of the amendment which immediately went into effect 62 Membership in the Bay View Association is required to own a cottage in the community 63 That vote left in place a bylaw which required that five of the nine members of the resort s ruling board must be Methodist 64 A subsequent lawsuit resulted in a consent decree approved by the board on July 9 2019 which removed that requirement 65 66 The Bay View Association has had other membership requirements When the association was founded in 1875 there were no explicit requirements but in 1942 the Bay View Board adopted the following resolution No person shall be accepted as a member of this association or be allowed to rent or lease property or a room for longer than a period of one day unless such person is of the white race and a Christian who must provide acceptable and good recommendations This resolution does not apply to servants within a household or to employes sic In 1947 the by laws were revised to add Any person twenty one years of age and good moral character by a two thirds vote of the Board of Trustees may be accepted as a member of this Association provided that he or she is of the Caucasian race and of Christian persuasion The two provisions Caucasian requirements were removed in 1959 67 From the 1960s through to the 1980s there was a quota on how many Catholics were allowed to be members Membership of Catholics was not to exceed 10 of the total membership Once the quota was met additional Catholics applicants were rejected This quota requirement was abandoned in the 1980s 67 On August 6 2011 the Bay View Association members voted on a proposal that would remove the Christian affiliation requirement The proposal was defeated by a vote of 52 381 members opposed to 48 346 members in favor of the proposal The proposal needed a two thirds majority to pass 68 On August 3 2013 another vote was taken to change the membership qualification requirements to include non Christians The proposal was again defeated by a vote of 51 85 364 members for the change to 48 14 338 members opposed to the change A two thirds majority is required to pass the amendment 69 The Board led by President Jon Chism held the belief that Bay View should defend the membership requirements resulting in a increase in the Association s directors and officers insurance In July 2017 The Bay View Chautauqua Inclusiveness Group filed a civil rights and religious discrimination lawsuit against the Bay View Association in the U S District Court for the Western District of Michigan 70 71 In May 2019 mediation resulted in an agreement to resolve the controversy The agreement was implemented on July 18 2019 by a Consent Order from the U S District Court for the Western District of Michigan There is no longer any religious requirement for membership in the Association or to buy a cottage 72 The Consent Order which ended the membership controversy did not restrict the religious program of the Association As a Chautauqua the Bay View Association conducts programming in the areas of religion education recreation and the performing arts The Association employs a Director of Worship and Religious Activities conducts Sunday worship services and presents lectures on religious subjects daily during the summer Assembly Season All elements of all the programs are open to the general public 73 The Association s Mission Statement is also not affected by the Court s Order 72 The mission of the Bay View Association is to be an institution in which Christian values and traditions are central To enrich the human experience for individuals and families within Bay View and the surrounding community through a seasonal program of religious educational cultural and recreational opportunities And to provide a Christian perspective in a changing world 74 In July 2020 Bay View faced backlash from their community for perceived racist activity Members in support of the Black Lives Matter movement wrote the names of Black victims of police brutality on sidewalks in Bay View as part of the say their names campaign The President of the Board of Trustees ordered the grounds crew to wash away the chalk and sent an email to members threatening to fine those who chalked the sidewalk This sparked divisive discourse within the association Members asked the Board of Trustees to release a statement condemning racism which the Board ultimately voted against in a 7 2 vote See also editList of National Historic Landmarks in Michigan National Register of Historic Places listings in Emmet County MichiganReferences edit a b Bay View National Historic Landmark summary listing National Park Service Archived from the original on June 5 2008 Retrieved June 27 2008 National Register Information System National Register of Historic Places National Park Service January 23 2007 State of Michigan 2009 Bay View Association Archived from the original on May 11 2012 Retrieved June 26 2010 Search Summary State of Michigan Corporations Division Michigan Legislature Section 455 51 History of The Bay View Association Bay View Association archived from the original on August 3 2014 retrieved August 14 2014 a b c Ellen Weiss April 1986 National Register of Historic Places Inventory Nomination Form Bay View Association File Unit National Register of Historic Places and National Historic Landmarks Program Records Michigan 1964 2013 Governmental Unit Reference Map American Factfinder U S Census Bureau Archived from the original PDF on February 13 2020 Retrieved February 11 2016 a b c d e f g William Lowery October 19 1971 National Register of Historic Places Inventory Nomination Form Bay View Fennimore Keith J The Heritage of Bay View 1875 1975 Wm B Eerdmans Publ Co 1975 p 83 Pilcher Elijah Pilcher Memoirs Burton Historical Collection Detroit Public Library 1885 sited in Doerr Mary Jane Bay View An American Idea Allegan Forest Michigan The Priscilla Press 2010 p 29 Pilcher Elijah Pilcher Memoirs Burton Historical Collection Detroit Public Library 1885 p 557 sited in Doerr Mary Jane Bay View An American Idea Allegan Forest Michigan The Priscilla Press 2010 p 23 Shier Rev Dr William H Bay View History 10th Anniversary in Kennedy Hugh Golden Jubilee Fifty Years of Bay View Bay View Bay View Camp Ground Association 1925 Printed by Ralston Printing Co Detroit Michigan p 7 Wheeler Clark S Bay View Michigan Petoskey Mich C E Garvin Co 1950 p 88 Bay View Magazine May 1911 The Rise of Bay View a promotional article by John M Hall titled unnumbered Kennedy Hugh Golden Jubilee Fifty Years of Bay View Bay View Bay View Camp Ground Association 1925 Printed by Ralston Printing Co Detroit Michigan p 22 Souvenir 25th Anniversary Bay View Summer Resort 1900 Grand Rapids Engraving Co Grand Rapids Michigan USA p 3 Kennedy Hugh Golden Jubilee Fifty Years of Bay View Bay View Bay View Camp Ground Association 1925 Printed by Ralston Printing Co Detroit Michigan p 13 Kennedy Hugh Golden Jubilee Fifty Years of Bay View Bay View Bay View Camp Ground Association Printed by Ralston Printing Co Detroit Michigan 1925 p 32 Romig Walter 1986 1973 Michigan Place Names Detroit Michigan Wayne State University Press ISBN 0 8143 1838 X The Bay View Magazine 1909 page 563 https www gwood us media 1332 bay view magazine may 1909a pdf Kennedy Hugh Golden Jubilee Fifty Years of Bay View Bay View Bay View Camp Ground Association 1925 Printed by Ralston Printing Co Detroit Michigan pp 17 18 34 Kennedy Hugh Golden Jubilee Fifty Years of Bay View Bay View Bay View Camp Ground Association 1925 Printed by Ralston Printing Co Detroit Michigan p 13 Doerr Mary Jane Bay View An American Idea Allegan Forest Michigan The Priscilla Press 2010 p 23 Fennimore Keith J The Heritage of Bay View 1875 1975 Wm B Eerdmans Publ Co 1975 p 197 Shier Rev Dr William H Bay View History 10th Anniversary in Kennedy Hugh Golden Jubilee Fifty Years of Bay View Bay View Bay View Camp Ground Association 1925 Printed by Ralston Printing Co Detroit Michigan p 7 Bay View Magazine June 1897 Summer Life in Bay View unnumbered Wheeler Clark S Bay View Michigan Petoskey Mich C E Garvin Co 1950 p 31 Doerr Mary Jane Bay View An American Idea Allegan Forest Michigan The Priscilla Press 2010 p 33 Fennimore Keith J The Heritage of Bay View 1875 1975 Wm B Eerdmans Publ Co 1975 p 73 Bay View 25th Anniversary 1900 https clarkedigitalcollections cmich edu a d amp d Clarke1900 01 1 3 amp e en 10 1 txt txIN Kennedy Hugh Golden Jubilee Fifty Years of Bay View Bay View Bay View Camp Ground Association Printed by Ralston Printing Co Detroit Michigan 1925 p 8 SS Congress July 24 31 1877 unnumbered Daily Resorter July 29 1889 sited in Doerr Mary Jane Bay View An American Idea Allegan Forest Michigan The Priscilla Press 2010 p 34 Bay View Music Festival bayviewassociation org Mary Jane Doerr Bay View An American idea Priscilla Press Allergan MI 2010 p 138 Mary Jane Doerr Bay View An American idea Priscilla Press Allergan MI 2010 pp 138 154 Mary Jane Doerr Bay View An American Idea Priscilla Press Allegan MI 2010 pp 174 181 Mary Jane Doerr Bay View An American idea Priscilla Press Allergan MI 2010 pp 138 154 a b Bay View Summer Program Bay View Association Bay View Michigan 2018 http www bayviewassociation org music festival Retrieved April 25 2018 a b c Bay View Summer Program Bay View Association Bay View Michigan 2019 a b Fennimore Keith J The Heritage of Bay View 1875 1975 WM B Eerdmans Publishing Co Grand Rapids MI 1975 p 165 a b c Bay View Association Recreation www bayviewassociation org Retrieved May 3 2021 The Bay View Association Waterfront Petoskey Michigan www bayviewassociation org Retrieved May 3 2021 Bay View open to all www petoskeynews com Retrieved May 3 2021 Member Directory Bay View Association Bay View Michigan 2020 Work begins on Bay View waterfront protection enhancement project www petoskeynews com Retrieved May 3 2021 Fennimore Keith J The Heritage of Bay View 1875 1975 WM B Eerdmans Publishing Co Grand Rapids MI 1975 p 166 Fennimore Keith J The Heritage of Bay View 1875 1975 WM B Eerdmans Publishing Co Grand Rapids MI 1975 p 172 Fennimore Keith J The Heritage of Bay View 1875 1975 WM B Eerdmans Publishing Co Grand Rapids MI 1975 pp 172 3 Fennimore Keith J The Heritage of Bay View 1875 1975 WM B Eerdmans Publishing Co Grand Rapids MI 1975 pp 177 78 a b Fennimore Keith J The Heritage of Bay View 1875 1975 WM B Eerdmans Publishing Co Grand Rapids MI 1975 p 178 The Chautauqua Movement The Chautauqua Trailwebsite www chautauquatrail com Bay View 2017 Summer Program The Bay View Association 2017 pp 26 37 Fennimore Keith J The Heritage of Bay View 1875 1975 WM B Eerdmans Publishing Co Grand Rapids MI 1975 pp 100 101 a b Fennimore Keith J The Heritage of Bay View 1875 1975 WM B Eerdmans Publishing Co Grand Rapids MI 1975 p 146 Doerr Mary Jane Bay View An American Idea Priscilla Press Allegan MI 2010 p 83 Rev Daniel Moser David Kennedy to speak at Bay View Bay View 2012 Summer Program The Bay View Association 2012 p 18 Education Events Bay View Association Archived from the original on May 9 2018 Bayview Music Festival Bay View s Big Read bestthingsmi com Archived from the original on May 9 2018 Retrieved May 8 2018 Bay View Association Members Vote in Favor of Amended Membership Requirements PDF bayviewassociation org Archived from the original PDF on September 6 2018 Retrieved October 14 2018 Bay View Members Family and Friends Who is My Neighbor Thoughts on Inclusiveness PDF Bay View Chautauqua Archived from the original PDF on October 12 2015 Bay View eliminates Christian persuasion bylaw Detroit News Aug 7 2018 https www detroitnews com story news local michigan 2018 08 06 michigans bay view resort eliminates christian persuasion bylaw 917948002 Christian requirement at Northern Michigan resort illegal federal government says MLive Michigan July 10 2019 https www mlive com news grand rapids 2019 07 christian requirement at northern michigan resort illegal federal government says html A closer look at the new Bay View lawsuit Petoskey News Review April 24 2019 https www petoskeynews com story news local 2019 04 24 a closer look at the new bay view lawsui 44220071 a b Arthur Anderson THE FACTS Bay View s Membership History archived from the original on May 16 2022 retrieved August 7 2023 a href Template Citation html title Template Citation citation a CS1 maint bot original URL status unknown link Bentley Ryan August 12 2011 Bay View votes to keep Christian membership requirement PetoskeyNews com Archived from the original on August 13 2013 Retrieved September 14 2012 Ryan Bentley August 8 2013 Religious membership restriction remains after Bay View vote Petoskey News Review Arielle Hines July 14 2017 Prejudice Lawsuit claims Bay View religious requirement is discriminatory Petoskey News Review Connor Hansen July 17 2017 Group files lawsuit against Bay View Association for religious discrimination UpNorthLive com a b United States District Court Western District Of Michigan July 18 2019 Bay View Chautauqua Inclusiveness Group v Bay View Association of the United Methodist Church et al No 1 17 CV 0622 The United States Department of Justice retrieved October 1 2019 Bay View Summer Program Bay View Association Bay View Michigan 2019 http www bayviewassociation org worship Retrieved October 1 2019 Bay View Summer Program Bay View Association Bay View Michigan 2019 http www bayviewassociation org Retrieved October 1 2019 Bay View Association State of Michigan archived archived from the original on May 11 2012External links editBay View Association of the United Methodist Church 45 23 08 N 84 55 49 W 45 38556 N 84 93028 W 45 38556 84 93028 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Bay View Association amp oldid 1212790842, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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