Baysangur of Benoy (Chechen: Бенойн БойсхӀар;[1]Russian: Байсангур Беноевский) (born 1794, Benoy, Chechnya – died 3 March 1861, Khasavyurt, Chechnya) was a 19th-century North Caucasian commander of Chechen origin. He was one of the naibs (deputies) of Imam Shamil.[2] Baysangur participated in the Caucasian War of 1817–1864.[2]
Baysangur was born around 1794 in the aul of Benoy and belonged to the teip of Benoy from Edi Nek'e. In 1825-1826 Baysangur took part in the uprising led by Beibulat Taimiev.[3] In 1828, when Gհazi Muhammad was proclaimed imam of the Caucasian Imamate, Baysangur joined his movement.[4] The aul Benoy became the mainstay of Ghazi Muhammad in Chechnya.[5] In 1839, Baysangur's family received Shamil and his murids after they escaped from the Siege of Akhoulgo.[6]
Naib of Imam Shamiledit
By 1846, during a battle with the Russian troops of Count Mikhail Vorontsov, Baysangur lost an arm and an eye, and in 1847, in the battle for Gergebil, his leg was blown off by a cannonball. As a result of this serious injury, he was captured by the tsarist troops, although he was rescued by Shamil's murids, who attacked the convoy that was transporting Baysungur to the fortress of Grozny. According to popular legends, he was tied to a horse so that he could stay in the saddle.[6]
On May 8, 1860, Baysangur and former naibs of Shamil Uma Duyev and Atabi Atayev raised a new uprising in Chechnya. In June of the same year Baysangur's men defeated the Russian Ossetian Muslim Major-General Musa Kundukhov in combat near the town Fachu. Atabi Atayev's rebels thwarted attempts to strengthen the forces of Russian commander Nikolay Yevdokimov, and Duyev's forcesfreed the villages of the Argun Gorge from Russian control. The total strength of the rebel forces at that time reached 1,500. In November, they fought against eight hundred cossacks, 9 infantry battalions, and four rifle companies.
Baysangur's zeal and courage was noted by Imam Shamil in the diary of his bailiff Colonel A. I. Runovsky:[7]
After a good dinner, when the younger members of the imam's large family left the dining room, the eldest of Shamil's sons, Gazi-Muhammad, who had recently returned from Temir-Khan-Shura, began to tell the latest news from the Caucasus. At the end of the conversation, Gazi-Muhammad mentioned a small episode related to the indomitable Chechen naib Baysangur from Benoi, who, even after the surrender of Imam Shamil, did not stop resistance and did not lay down his arms, continuing the fight along with his other brothers in arms, now former Chechen naibs of Shamil — Uma Duyev and Atabi Atayev.
Adjutant wing Colonel Chertkov sent negotiators on behalf of the Russian command to Baysangur with a proposal to surrender, - said Gazi-Muhammad. Baysangur met the negotiators in the woods near the old cemetery. In response to a tempting offer to save his life, the one-eyed, one-armed and one-legged sixty-six-year-old warrior pointed to the nearest graves in the cemetery and said with a grin: "Talk to them about your case - they will hear you better than me."
Shamil, who was attentively listening to his son's story, said thoughtfully: "Yes, this is such a person, I know him well, he would never change his word ..." For a moment, the former imam thought he heard the howling of wolves from the very depths of the dense Chechen forests. And as if shaking off this obsession, he resolutely added: "But, however, he wants nothing more than to die fighting against the infidels."
— Andrey Zakharovich Runovskiy, Diary of Colonel Runovsky
The tomb of Baysangur.
Deathedit
Alarmed by the uprising of Baysangur, the Russian Army decided to take immediate action. With assistance from Musa Kundukhov, Nikolai Kolovachyov and Artsu Chermoyev, the Russian Army started to round up around the village of Belgatoy thanks for earlier intelligence information of Baysangur's location. Kundukhov used brute force and extreme brutality to crush every Chechen villages remaining, destroying 15 villages in total. Losing their hideout, Baysangur and his men returned to Benoy and tried to continue the resistance, but it was eventually crushed and they were captured.[8][9]
Baysangur was imprisoned in Khasavyurt and was later sentenced to death by hanging by authority of Major General Pavel Kempert. He was hanged on March 1, 1861.[10]
Since his death, the story of his famed last stand against Russian Army has been popular among Chechens as an example of Chechen heroism.
Memory and image in popular cultureedit
There are streets named after Baysangur Benoevsky in a number of settlements of the Chechen Republic and Dagestan.
Baysangur is a character in the 1972 historical novel by Abuzar Aydamirov "Long Nights".
The song "Gunib" (1991) by Imam Alimsultanov is dedicated to the defense of Gunib and the participation of Baysangur Benoevsky in these events.
Chechen bard Timur Mutsurayev dedicated his 1997 song "Baysangur" to the Chechen commander, as well as the song "Gunib" (1998) about the defense of Gunib, in which Baysangur appears.
In October 2023, the head of Chechnya, Ramzan Kadyrov, announced the creation of a battalion named after Baysangur Benoevsky within the structure of the Russian Guard. The number of units is 300 people.[11]
Referencesedit
^Ш.А. ГАПУРОВ, А.В. БАКАШОВ. Вестник Академии наук Чеченской Республики. 2010, №1 (12). 2016-01-13 at the Wayback Machine
^ abГапуров Ш. А.; Ахмадов Ш. Б.; Багаев М. Х.; Хасбулатов А. И. (2008). "Глава XXIII. народно-освободительное движение в Чечне в 60-90 гг. XIX в. § 1. Вооружённое восстание в 1860-1861 гг.". История Чечни с древнейших времен до наших дней. Том I. История Чечени с древнейших времен до конца XIX века (2е изд., испр., 3000 экз ed.). Грозный: ГУП «Книжное издательство». Под ред. М. М. Ибрагимова. T. 1, pp. 685–695. ISBN978-5-98896-103-1.
^"Шамиль: от Гимр до Медины". www.universalinternetlibrary.ru. Retrieved August 28, 2020.
^"Д. Хожаев. Чеченцы в Русско-Кавказской войне". ИА Чеченинфо (in Russian). Retrieved August 28, 2020.
^Istorii︠a︡ Chechni s drevneĭshikh vremen do nashikh dneĭ. Ibragimov, M. M. (Movsur Muslievich), Ибрагимов, М. М. (Мовсур Муслиевич) (2. izd., ispr., dop ed.). Groznyĭ: Knizhnoe izdatelʹstvo. 2008. ISBN978-5-98896-103-1. OCLC 354975469.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link)
^ abGadzhiev, Bulach.; Гаджиев, Булач. (1992). Shamilʹ ot Gimr do Mediny. Makhachkala: Dagestanskoe knizhnoe izd-vo. ISBN5-297-00992-8. OCLC 30988479.
^Акты, собранные Кавказской Археографической комиссией : [В 12-ти т.] / Арх. гл. упр. наместника Кавк.; Под общ. ред. А. Д. Берже. - Тифлис : Тип. гл. упр. Наместника Кавк., 1866-1904. Т. 12 : [1856-1862] / Арх. Канц. Главноначальствующего; Под ред. Е.Д. Фелицына и А.П. Наумова. - Тифлис : Тип. канц. главнонач. гражд. частью на Кавказе, 1904. - [1552 c.] Тифлис: Тип. канц. главнонач. гражд. частью на Кавказе. 1904. p. 1454.
^отв. ред. М. С. Тотоев]; Чечено-ингушский научно-исследовательский ин-т истории; языка и литературы при Совете министров Чечено-ингушской АССР, eds. (1967). "Очерки истории Чечено-Ингушской АССР: с древнейших времен до наших дней: в 2-х томах". 1.: С древнейших времен до марта 1917 года. Vol. 4000. Грозный: Чечено-Ингушское книжное изд-во. pp. 126–127.
^Ибрагимова З. Х. (2007), "Антиправительственные выступления чеченцев", Мир чеченцев. XIX век, М.: Пробел-2000, p. 562, ISBN978-5-457-95834-0
^"Кадыров сообщил о создании нового батальона имени Байсангура Беноевского". РБК (in Russian). October 26, 2023.
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November 01, 2023
baysangur, benoy, chechen, Бенойн, БойсхӀар, russian, Байсангур, Беноевский, born, 1794, benoy, chechnya, died, march, 1861, khasavyurt, chechnya, 19th, century, north, caucasian, commander, chechen, origin, naibs, deputies, imam, shamil, baysangur, participat. Baysangur of Benoy Chechen Benojn BojshӀar 1 Russian Bajsangur Benoevskij born 1794 Benoy Chechnya died 3 March 1861 Khasavyurt Chechnya was a 19th century North Caucasian commander of Chechen origin He was one of the naibs deputies of Imam Shamil 2 Baysangur participated in the Caucasian War of 1817 1864 2 Baysangur of BenoyNative nameBenojn BojsgӀarNickname s Tash Adam Man of Stone Born1794Benoy ChechnyaDiedMarch 3 1861Khasavyurt Chechnya Caucasian ImamateBuriedYaryksu AuhAllegianceChechnya 1817 1828 Caucasian Imamate 1828 1859 Chechnya 1859 1861 Service wbr branchArmyYears of service1817 1861RankGeneral 1840 1859 Imam of Chechnya 1859 1861 Battles warsCaucasian War Revolt in Chechnya 1860 1861 Contents 1 Biography 2 Naib of Imam Shamil 3 Death 4 Memory and image in popular culture 5 ReferencesBiography editBaysangur was born around 1794 in the aul of Benoy and belonged to the teip of Benoy from Edi Nek e In 1825 1826 Baysangur took part in the uprising led by Beibulat Taimiev 3 In 1828 when Gհazi Muhammad was proclaimed imam of the Caucasian Imamate Baysangur joined his movement 4 The aul Benoy became the mainstay of Ghazi Muhammad in Chechnya 5 In 1839 Baysangur s family received Shamil and his murids after they escaped from the Siege of Akhoulgo 6 Naib of Imam Shamil editBy 1846 during a battle with the Russian troops of Count Mikhail Vorontsov Baysangur lost an arm and an eye and in 1847 in the battle for Gergebil his leg was blown off by a cannonball As a result of this serious injury he was captured by the tsarist troops although he was rescued by Shamil s murids who attacked the convoy that was transporting Baysungur to the fortress of Grozny According to popular legends he was tied to a horse so that he could stay in the saddle 6 On May 8 1860 Baysangur and former naibs of Shamil Uma Duyev and Atabi Atayev raised a new uprising in Chechnya In June of the same year Baysangur s men defeated the Russian Ossetian Muslim Major General Musa Kundukhov in combat near the town Fachu Atabi Atayev s rebels thwarted attempts to strengthen the forces of Russian commander Nikolay Yevdokimov and Duyev s forcesfreed the villages of the Argun Gorge from Russian control The total strength of the rebel forces at that time reached 1 500 In November they fought against eight hundred cossacks 9 infantry battalions and four rifle companies Baysangur s zeal and courage was noted by Imam Shamil in the diary of his bailiff Colonel A I Runovsky 7 After a good dinner when the younger members of the imam s large family left the dining room the eldest of Shamil s sons Gazi Muhammad who had recently returned from Temir Khan Shura began to tell the latest news from the Caucasus At the end of the conversation Gazi Muhammad mentioned a small episode related to the indomitable Chechen naib Baysangur from Benoi who even after the surrender of Imam Shamil did not stop resistance and did not lay down his arms continuing the fight along with his other brothers in arms now former Chechen naibs of Shamil Uma Duyev and Atabi Atayev Adjutant wing Colonel Chertkov sent negotiators on behalf of the Russian command to Baysangur with a proposal to surrender said Gazi Muhammad Baysangur met the negotiators in the woods near the old cemetery In response to a tempting offer to save his life the one eyed one armed and one legged sixty six year old warrior pointed to the nearest graves in the cemetery and said with a grin Talk to them about your case they will hear you better than me Shamil who was attentively listening to his son s story said thoughtfully Yes this is such a person I know him well he would never change his word For a moment the former imam thought he heard the howling of wolves from the very depths of the dense Chechen forests And as if shaking off this obsession he resolutely added But however he wants nothing more than to die fighting against the infidels Andrey Zakharovich Runovskiy Diary of Colonel Runovsky nbsp The tomb of Baysangur Death editAlarmed by the uprising of Baysangur the Russian Army decided to take immediate action With assistance from Musa Kundukhov Nikolai Kolovachyov and Artsu Chermoyev the Russian Army started to round up around the village of Belgatoy thanks for earlier intelligence information of Baysangur s location Kundukhov used brute force and extreme brutality to crush every Chechen villages remaining destroying 15 villages in total Losing their hideout Baysangur and his men returned to Benoy and tried to continue the resistance but it was eventually crushed and they were captured 8 9 Baysangur was imprisoned in Khasavyurt and was later sentenced to death by hanging by authority of Major General Pavel Kempert He was hanged on March 1 1861 10 Since his death the story of his famed last stand against Russian Army has been popular among Chechens as an example of Chechen heroism Memory and image in popular culture editThere are streets named after Baysangur Benoevsky in a number of settlements of the Chechen Republic and Dagestan Baysangur is a character in the 1972 historical novel by Abuzar Aydamirov Long Nights The song Gunib 1991 by Imam Alimsultanov is dedicated to the defense of Gunib and the participation of Baysangur Benoevsky in these events Chechen bard Timur Mutsurayev dedicated his 1997 song Baysangur to the Chechen commander as well as the song Gunib 1998 about the defense of Gunib in which Baysangur appears In October 2023 the head of Chechnya Ramzan Kadyrov announced the creation of a battalion named after Baysangur Benoevsky within the structure of the Russian Guard The number of units is 300 people 11 References edit Sh A GAPUROV A V BAKAShOV Vestnik Akademii nauk Chechenskoj Respubliki 2010 1 12 Archived 2016 01 13 at the Wayback Machine a b Gapurov Sh A Ahmadov Sh B Bagaev M H Hasbulatov A I 2008 Glava XXIII narodno osvoboditelnoe dvizhenie v Chechne v 60 90 gg XIX v 1 Vooruzhyonnoe vosstanie v 1860 1861 gg Istoriya Chechni s drevnejshih vremen do nashih dnej Tom I Istoriya Checheni s drevnejshih vremen do konca XIX veka 2e izd ispr 3000 ekz ed Groznyj GUP Knizhnoe izdatelstvo Pod red M M Ibragimova T 1 pp 685 695 ISBN 978 5 98896 103 1 Shamil ot Gimr do Mediny www universalinternetlibrary ru Retrieved August 28 2020 D Hozhaev Chechency v Russko Kavkazskoj vojne IA Checheninfo in Russian Retrieved August 28 2020 Istorii a Chechni s drevneĭshikh vremen do nashikh dneĭ Ibragimov M M Movsur Muslievich Ibragimov M M Movsur Muslievich 2 izd ispr dop ed Groznyĭ Knizhnoe izdatelʹstvo 2008 ISBN 978 5 98896 103 1 OCLC 354975469 a href Template Cite book html title Template Cite book cite book a CS1 maint others link a b Gadzhiev Bulach Gadzhiev Bulach 1992 Shamilʹ ot Gimr do Mediny Makhachkala Dagestanskoe knizhnoe izd vo ISBN 5 297 00992 8 OCLC 30988479 Akty sobrannye Kavkazskoj Arheograficheskoj komissiej V 12 ti t Arh gl upr namestnika Kavk Pod obsh red A D Berzhe Tiflis Tip gl upr Namestnika Kavk 1866 1904 T 12 1856 1862 Arh Kanc Glavnonachalstvuyushego Pod red E D Felicyna i A P Naumova Tiflis Tip kanc glavnonach grazhd chastyu na Kavkaze 1904 1552 c Tiflis Tip kanc glavnonach grazhd chastyu na Kavkaze 1904 p 1454 RGVIA f VUA D 6684 l 10 i ob otv red M S Totoev Checheno ingushskij nauchno issledovatelskij in t istorii yazyka i literatury pri Sovete ministrov Checheno ingushskoj ASSR eds 1967 Ocherki istorii Checheno Ingushskoj ASSR s drevnejshih vremen do nashih dnej v 2 h tomah 1 S drevnejshih vremen do marta 1917 goda Vol 4000 Groznyj Checheno Ingushskoe knizhnoe izd vo pp 126 127 Ibragimova Z H 2007 Antipravitelstvennye vystupleniya chechencev Mir chechencev XIX vek M Probel 2000 p 562 ISBN 978 5 457 95834 0 Kadyrov soobshil o sozdanii novogo batalona imeni Bajsangura Benoevskogo RBK in Russian October 26 2023 nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Baysangur of Benoa Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Baysangur of Benoy amp oldid 1182021691, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
