The Battle of Goteik Gorge (Burmese: ဂုတ်ထိပ်တိုက်ပွဲ[ɡoʊʔtʰeɪʔtaɪʔpwɛ́]) took place during the Sino–Burmese War (1765–1769) fought between the Konbaung Dynasty of Burma (Myanmar) and the Qing Dynasty of China in late December 1767 or early January 1768. It was the first major battle in the third invasion by the Chinese who had previously unsuccessfully invaded Burma in 1765 and 1766. The Chinese victory cleared the way for the main Chinese army to Ava, the Burmese capital.
The Chinese had planned a two-pronged invasion. The main Chinese army, led by Mingrui, a son-in-law of the Qianlong Emperor, was to approach Ava through Hsenwi, Lashio and Hsipaw, and down the Namtu river. (The main invasion route was the same route followed by the Manchu forces a century earlier, chasing Yongli Emperor of Ming Dynasty.) The second army, led by Gen. E'erdeng'e, was to try the Bhamo route again.[4][5] The ultimate objective was for both armies to clamp themselves in a pincer action on the Burmese capital of Ava.[6] The Burmese plan was to hold the second Chinese army in the north at Kaungton with the army led by Ne Myo Sithu, and meet the main Chinese army in the northeast with two armies led by Maha Sithu and Maha Thiha Thura.[7]
Preludeedit
The third invasion began in November 1767 as the smaller Chinese army attacked and occupied Bhamo. Within eight days, Mingrui's main army occupied the Shan states of Hsenwi and Hsipaw. Mingrui made Hsenwi a supply base, and assigned 5000 troops to remain at Hsenwi and guard the rear. He also assigned another 15,000 to guard the supply lines between the vanguard of the army and Hsenwi. He then led a 15,000-strong army in the direction of Ava.[3] The Burmese main army led by Maha Sithu left Ava to meet the main Chinese army about mid-December 1767.[1]
Battleedit
In late December or early January, at the Goteik Gorge (south of Hsipaw), the two main armies faced off and the first major battle of the third invasion ensued. The Burmese army was outnumbered by two to one, and was thoroughly routed by Mingrui's Bannermen.[3] Maha Sithu then fell back to down the line of the Myitnge river.[1] The news of the disaster at Goteik reached Ava. Hsinbyushin finally realized the gravity of the situation, and urgently recalled his remaining garrison forces from Siam.
Referencesedit
^ abcLt. Gen. Arthur P. Phayre (1883). History of Burma (1967 ed.). London: Susil Gupta. pp. 196–197. Maha Sithu's army left Ava in mid December. It could reach near Goteik in 2-4 weeks' time.
^Charles Patterson Giersch (2006). Asian borderlands: the transformation of Qing China's Yunnan frontier. Harvard University Press. p. 103. ISBN978-0-674-02171-6.
^ abcdMaung Htin Aung (1967). A History of Burma. New York and London: Cambridge University Press. p. 178.
^Michael E. Haskew; Christer Joregensen; Eric Niderost; Chris McNab (2008). Fighting techniques of the Oriental world, AD 1200-1860: equipment, combat skills, and tactics (Illustrated ed.). Macmillan. pp. 27–31. ISBN978-0-312-38696-2.
^Kyaw Thet (1962). History of Burma (in Burmese). Yangon: University of Rangoon Press. p. 314.
battle, goteik, gorge, burmese, ɡoʊʔtʰeɪʔ, taɪʔpwɛ, took, place, during, sino, burmese, 1765, 1769, fought, between, konbaung, dynasty, burma, myanmar, qing, dynasty, china, late, december, 1767, early, january, 1768, first, major, battle, third, invasion, chi. The Battle of Goteik Gorge Burmese ဂ တ ထ ပ တ က ပ ɡoʊʔtʰeɪʔ taɪʔpwɛ took place during the Sino Burmese War 1765 1769 fought between the Konbaung Dynasty of Burma Myanmar and the Qing Dynasty of China in late December 1767 or early January 1768 It was the first major battle in the third invasion by the Chinese who had previously unsuccessfully invaded Burma in 1765 and 1766 The Chinese victory cleared the way for the main Chinese army to Ava the Burmese capital Battle of Goteik Gorge 1768 ဂ တ ထ ပ တ က ပ Part of Sino Burmese War 1765 1769 DateLate December 1767 or early January 1768 1 LocationGoteik Gorge Hsipaw modern day Shan State ResultQing victoryBelligerentsQing Empire Konbaung DynastyCommanders and leadersMingrui 2 Maha SithuUnits involvedEight Banners Army Green Standard ArmyMongolian troopsTai militiasRoyal Burmese ArmyBamar and Shan leviesStrength 15 000 3 7 000 8 000 3 Casualties and lossesUnknownUnknown Contents 1 Battle plans 2 Prelude 3 Battle 4 ReferencesBattle plans editThe Chinese had planned a two pronged invasion The main Chinese army led by Mingrui a son in law of the Qianlong Emperor was to approach Ava through Hsenwi Lashio and Hsipaw and down the Namtu river The main invasion route was the same route followed by the Manchu forces a century earlier chasing Yongli Emperor of Ming Dynasty The second army led by Gen E erdeng e was to try the Bhamo route again 4 5 The ultimate objective was for both armies to clamp themselves in a pincer action on the Burmese capital of Ava 6 The Burmese plan was to hold the second Chinese army in the north at Kaungton with the army led by Ne Myo Sithu and meet the main Chinese army in the northeast with two armies led by Maha Sithu and Maha Thiha Thura 7 Prelude editThe third invasion began in November 1767 as the smaller Chinese army attacked and occupied Bhamo Within eight days Mingrui s main army occupied the Shan states of Hsenwi and Hsipaw Mingrui made Hsenwi a supply base and assigned 5000 troops to remain at Hsenwi and guard the rear He also assigned another 15 000 to guard the supply lines between the vanguard of the army and Hsenwi He then led a 15 000 strong army in the direction of Ava 3 The Burmese main army led by Maha Sithu left Ava to meet the main Chinese army about mid December 1767 1 Battle editIn late December or early January at the Goteik Gorge south of Hsipaw the two main armies faced off and the first major battle of the third invasion ensued The Burmese army was outnumbered by two to one and was thoroughly routed by Mingrui s Bannermen 3 Maha Sithu then fell back to down the line of the Myitnge river 1 The news of the disaster at Goteik reached Ava Hsinbyushin finally realized the gravity of the situation and urgently recalled his remaining garrison forces from Siam References edit a b c Lt Gen Arthur P Phayre 1883 History of Burma 1967 ed London Susil Gupta pp 196 197 Maha Sithu s army left Ava in mid December It could reach near Goteik in 2 4 weeks time Charles Patterson Giersch 2006 Asian borderlands the transformation of Qing China s Yunnan frontier Harvard University Press p 103 ISBN 978 0 674 02171 6 a b c d Maung Htin Aung 1967 A History of Burma New York and London Cambridge University Press p 178 Hall p 28 Dai p 159 Michael E Haskew Christer Joregensen Eric Niderost Chris McNab 2008 Fighting techniques of the Oriental world AD 1200 1860 equipment combat skills and tactics Illustrated ed Macmillan pp 27 31 ISBN 978 0 312 38696 2 Kyaw Thet 1962 History of Burma in Burmese Yangon University of Rangoon Press p 314 22 37 N 97 17 E 22 617 N 97 283 E 22 617 97 283 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Battle of Goteik Gorge amp oldid 1202446006, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
