5 marines killed (two died from wounds) 8 marines wounded, four "muleros" wounded 33 mules killed, wounded, or captured[8]
10 killed 30 wounded ("conservative estimate" for losses on 28 February 1928)[9]
The Sandinistas opened fire from all along the mule train's right flank at 1:30 PM, while some other rebels managed to seal off "the trail to the front and rear of the convoy."[12] These Nicaraguan insurrectionists were estimated to be "at least" 600 rifles strong, armed with "a minimum" of four machine guns and "a large quantity" of dynamitebombs.[13] The Marines fell back to a ridge on the left of the trail, "leaving three of their dead behind."[14] The guerrillas advanced on the American position and hacked open the heads of the dead Marines with their machetes.[15] At 8:30, the firing from the Sandinistas decreased as the insurgents began to withdraw, although about 200 of them remained to continue harassing the Marines.[16] Some of the guerrillas spoke "irregular English" and taunted the Americans with "slurs and insults" during lulls in the fighting.[17]
At dawn of the following day, of the 28 February, a force of 88 Marines led by Captain William K. MacNulty arrived on the battlefield to relieve O'Day's men, and they helped drive off the remaining Sandinistas.[18] All in all, the Marines suffered three killed, two died from wounds, and eight non-fatally wounded (in addition, four of their "muleros" were wounded).[19] One-third of their mules were killed, wounded, or captured.[20] Sandinista losses for February 28 were about 10 killed and 30 wounded (this was MacNulty's "conservative estimate").[21]
A "large part" of the rebel force at El Bramadero was recruited from nearby towns and villages, with these part-time guerrillas returning to their homes and regular occupations when fighting ceased, owner of LA PRENSA said he received a number of empty gasoline cans with marines heads inside.[22]
Referencesedit
^"O'Day, Report of Engagement with Bandit Forces, Condega (El Bramadero, 27 Feb 1928)". The Sandino Rebellion, 1927–1934. Retrieved 23 October 2015.
^Macaulay, Neill (February 1998). The Sandino Affair. Chicago: Quadrangle Books. p. 109.
^Macaulay, Neill (February 1998). The Sandino Affair. Chicago: Quadrangle Books. p. 110.
^Macaulay, Neill (February 1998). The Sandino Affair. Chicago: Quadrangle Books. p. 109.
^"O'Day, Report of Engagement with Bandit Forces, Condega (El Bramadero, 27 Feb 1928)". The Sandino Rebellion, 1927–1934. Retrieved 23 October 2015.
^Macaulay, Neill (February 1998). The Sandino Affair. Chicago: Quadrangle Books. p. 110.
^"O'Day, Report of Engagement with Bandit Forces, Condega (El Bramadero, 27 Feb 1928)". The Sandino Rebellion, 1927–1934. Retrieved 23 October 2015.
^Macaulay, Neill (February 1998). The Sandino Affair. Chicago: Quadrangle Books. p. 110.
^"McNulty / Atkinson, Report of Action at El Bramadero". The Sandino Rebellion, 1927–1934. Retrieved 23 October 2015.
^"O'Day, Report of Engagement with Bandit Forces, Condega (El Bramadero, 27 Feb 1928)". The Sandino Rebellion, 1927–1934. Retrieved 23 October 2015.
^Macaulay, Neill (February 1998). The Sandino Affair. Chicago: Quadrangle Books. p. 109.
^Macaulay, Neill (February 1998). The Sandino Affair. Chicago: Quadrangle Books. p. 109.
^"O'Day, Report of Engagement with Bandit Forces, Condega (El Bramadero, 27 Feb 1928)". The Sandino Rebellion, 1927–1934. Retrieved 23 October 2015.
^Macaulay, Neill (February 1998). The Sandino Affair. Chicago: Quadrangle Books. p. 110.
^Macaulay, Neill (February 1998). The Sandino Affair. Chicago: Quadrangle Books. p. 110.
^Macaulay, Neill (February 1998). The Sandino Affair. Chicago: Quadrangle Books. p. 110.
^"O'Day, Report of Engagement with Bandit Forces, Condega (El Bramadero, 27 Feb 1928)". The Sandino Rebellion, 1927–1934. Retrieved 23 October 2015.
^Macaulay, Neill (February 1998). The Sandino Affair. Chicago: Quadrangle Books. p. 110.
^Macaulay, Neill (February 1998). The Sandino Affair. Chicago: Quadrangle Books. p. 110.
^Macaulay, Neill (February 1998). The Sandino Affair. Chicago: Quadrangle Books. p. 110.
^"McNulty / Atkinson, Report of Action at El Bramadero". The Sandino Rebellion, 1927–1934. Retrieved 23 October 2015.
^Macaulay, Neill (February 1998). The Sandino Affair. Chicago: Quadrangle Books. pp. 110–111.
January 01, 1970
battle, bramadero, battle, bromaderos, took, place, between, february, 1928, during, american, occupation, nicaragua, 1926, 1933, sandino, rebellion, battle, began, twenty, seventh, when, convoy, thirty, marines, american, naval, pharmacist, mate, twenty, nica. The Battle of El Bramadero or the Battle of Bromaderos took place between the 27 and 28 February 1928 during the American occupation of Nicaragua of 1926 1933 and the Sandino Rebellion The battle began on the twenty seventh when a convoy of thirty six Marines one American naval pharmacist s mate twenty Nicaraguan muleros two Nicaraguan Jefe muleros and 99 mules 10 led by First Lieutenant Edward F O Day moving along the Yali Condega trail was ambushed by a force of Sandinista rebels led by Miguel Angel Ortez 11 Battle of El BramaderoPart of the United States occupation of Nicaragua Banana WarsEl BramaderoBattle of El Bramadero Nicaragua Date27 28 February 1928Locationnear El Bramadero NicaraguaResultSandinista victory 1 Belligerents United StatesSandinistasCommanders and leadersLt Edward O Day 2 Initial force Cap William K MacNulty 3 Relief force Miguel Angel Ortez 4 Strength36 marinesone naval pharmacist22 Nicaraguan muleros 99 mules 5 Initial force 88 marines 6 Relief force 600 guerrillas4 machine guns 7 Casualties and losses5 marines killed two died from wounds 8 marines wounded four muleros wounded33 mules killed wounded or captured 8 10 killed30 wounded conservative estimate for losses on 28 February 1928 9 The Sandinistas opened fire from all along the mule train s right flank at 1 30 PM while some other rebels managed to seal off the trail to the front and rear of the convoy 12 These Nicaraguan insurrectionists were estimated to be at least 600 rifles strong armed with a minimum of four machine guns and a large quantity of dynamite bombs 13 The Marines fell back to a ridge on the left of the trail leaving three of their dead behind 14 The guerrillas advanced on the American position and hacked open the heads of the dead Marines with their machetes 15 At 8 30 the firing from the Sandinistas decreased as the insurgents began to withdraw although about 200 of them remained to continue harassing the Marines 16 Some of the guerrillas spoke irregular English and taunted the Americans with slurs and insults during lulls in the fighting 17 At dawn of the following day of the 28 February a force of 88 Marines led by Captain William K MacNulty arrived on the battlefield to relieve O Day s men and they helped drive off the remaining Sandinistas 18 All in all the Marines suffered three killed two died from wounds and eight non fatally wounded in addition four of their muleros were wounded 19 One third of their mules were killed wounded or captured 20 Sandinista losses for February 28 were about 10 killed and 30 wounded this was MacNulty s conservative estimate 21 A large part of the rebel force at El Bramadero was recruited from nearby towns and villages with these part time guerrillas returning to their homes and regular occupations when fighting ceased owner of LA PRENSA said he received a number of empty gasoline cans with marines heads inside 22 References edit O Day Report of Engagement with Bandit Forces Condega El Bramadero 27 Feb 1928 The Sandino Rebellion 1927 1934 Retrieved 23 October 2015 Macaulay Neill February 1998 The Sandino Affair Chicago Quadrangle Books p 109 Macaulay Neill February 1998 The Sandino Affair Chicago Quadrangle Books p 110 Macaulay Neill February 1998 The Sandino Affair Chicago Quadrangle Books p 109 O Day Report of Engagement with Bandit Forces Condega El Bramadero 27 Feb 1928 The Sandino Rebellion 1927 1934 Retrieved 23 October 2015 Macaulay Neill February 1998 The Sandino Affair Chicago Quadrangle Books p 110 O Day Report of Engagement with Bandit Forces Condega El Bramadero 27 Feb 1928 The Sandino Rebellion 1927 1934 Retrieved 23 October 2015 Macaulay Neill February 1998 The Sandino Affair Chicago Quadrangle Books p 110 McNulty Atkinson Report of Action at El Bramadero The Sandino Rebellion 1927 1934 Retrieved 23 October 2015 O Day Report of Engagement with Bandit Forces Condega El Bramadero 27 Feb 1928 The Sandino Rebellion 1927 1934 Retrieved 23 October 2015 Macaulay Neill February 1998 The Sandino Affair Chicago Quadrangle Books p 109 Macaulay Neill February 1998 The Sandino Affair Chicago Quadrangle Books p 109 O Day Report of Engagement with Bandit Forces Condega El Bramadero 27 Feb 1928 The Sandino Rebellion 1927 1934 Retrieved 23 October 2015 Macaulay Neill February 1998 The Sandino Affair Chicago Quadrangle Books p 110 Macaulay Neill February 1998 The Sandino Affair Chicago Quadrangle Books p 110 Macaulay Neill February 1998 The Sandino Affair Chicago Quadrangle Books p 110 O Day Report of Engagement with Bandit Forces Condega El Bramadero 27 Feb 1928 The Sandino Rebellion 1927 1934 Retrieved 23 October 2015 Macaulay Neill February 1998 The Sandino Affair Chicago Quadrangle Books p 110 Macaulay Neill February 1998 The Sandino Affair Chicago Quadrangle Books p 110 Macaulay Neill February 1998 The Sandino Affair Chicago Quadrangle Books p 110 McNulty Atkinson Report of Action at El Bramadero The Sandino Rebellion 1927 1934 Retrieved 23 October 2015 Macaulay Neill February 1998 The Sandino Affair Chicago Quadrangle Books pp 110 111 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Battle of El Bramadero amp oldid 1193098969, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
