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Bayʿah (Arabic: بَيْعَة, "Pledge of allegiance"), in Islamic terminology, is an oath of allegiance to a leader. It is known to have been practiced by the Islamic prophetMuhammad. Bayʿah is sometimes taken under a written pact given on behalf of the subjects by leading members of the tribe with the understanding that as long as the leader abides by certain requirements towards his people, they are to maintain their allegiance to him. Bayʿah is still practiced in countries such as Saudi Arabia and Sudan.[1] In Morocco, bayʿah is one of the foundations of the monarchy.[2]
Bay'ah derives from the Semitic triconsonantal rootB-Y-’, related to commerce, and shows the contractual nature of the bond between caliph and the people.[3]Bay'ah originally referred to the striking together of hands between buyer and seller to mark an agreement.[4][5]
In Islamic historyedit
This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (September 2021)
The tradition of bayʿah can be traced back to the era of Muhammad. From the beginning, bayʿah was taken by Muhammad as an oath of allegiance. Anybody who wanted to join the growing Islamic community did so by reciting the basic creed expressing faith in the oneness of God and the prophethood of Muhammad. However, this differed from the proclamation of faith necessary to become an individual Muslim. In addition to this, Muhammad formally took bayʿah from the people and tribes. Through this formal act, they were absorbed by the community and showed willingness to obey Muhammad. The text of the oath varies in different traditions, but often contains the Shahada and prayers of repentance.
It is reported that at annual gatherings outside Mecca, Muhammad met people from Yathrib (later renamed Medina), who accepted his call towards Islam. Muhammad then took bayʿah from them.[6]
Bayʿah Ceremony of the Commanders of Islamic Revolution Committees with Ali Khamenei, 8 June 1989Bay'ah to Abu Bakr as the first Muslim Caliph after 632 CE
Certainly Allah was well pleased with the believers when they swore allegiance to you under the tree, and He knew what was in their hearts, so He sent down tranquillity on them and rewarded them with a near victory,
The bayʿah of Rizwan, a mass initiation of thousands of Muslims at the hands of Muhammad, is mentioned in the Qur'an. The tradition was continued by the caliphs.
In subsequent ages, it was associated with Sufi orders, and spiritual masters would initiate their followers. The practice still exists in Sufi orders around the world.
Contentedit
The Bayʿah varies across different times, places, and settings, but usually contains a relatively standardised formula such as the following:[citation needed]
"I give my allegiance to...To hear and obey in times of difficulty and comfort, in hardship and ease, and to endure being discriminated against, and not to dispute about rule with those in power, except in case of evident infidelity regarding that which there is a proof from Allah."[citation needed]
^Lesch, Ann M. (March 22, 2001). . Arab Studies Quarterly. Archived from the original on 9 November 2007. Retrieved 14 December 2019 – via Encyclopedia.com.
^Al Khamlichi, Ahmed (January 2014). "The relationship between religion and the state: the institution of 'Commandment of the Faithful' in Morocco". Contemporary Arab Affairs. 7 (1): 54–81. doi:10.1080/17550912.2013.869991. Retrieved February 1, 2023.
^Shīrāzī, ʻAbd al-Karīm Bīʹāzār (March 9, 1977). "The Covenant in the Qurʼân: The Key to Unity of the Verses Contained in Qurʼanic Surahs". Office for Diffusion of Islamic Culture – via Google Books.
^Bravmann, Meïr Max (March 9, 2009). The Spiritual Background of Early Islam: Studies in Ancient Arab Concepts. BRILL. ISBN978-9004172005 – via Google Books.
^Desker, Barry (2015). Perspectives on the Security of Singapore: The First 50 Years. p. 243.
^Caruso, Lauren (2013). Bay'ah: Succession, Allegiance, and Rituals of Legitimization in the Islamic World(PDF) (MA). The University of Georgia. Retrieved 6 September 2021.
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This article has multiple issues Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page Learn how and when to remove these template messages This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Bay ah news newspapers books scholar JSTOR June 2018 Learn how and when to remove this message You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in Arabic November 2018 Click show for important translation instructions View a machine translated version of the Arabic article Machine translation like DeepL or Google Translate is a useful starting point for translations but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate rather than simply copy pasting machine translated text into the English Wikipedia Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low quality If possible verify the text with references provided in the foreign language article You must provide copyright attribution in the edit summary accompanying your translation by providing an interlanguage link to the source of your translation A model attribution edit summary is Content in this edit is translated from the existing Arabic Wikipedia article at ar بيعة see its history for attribution You may also add the template Translated ar بيعة to the talk page For more guidance see Wikipedia Translation Learn how and when to remove this message Bayʿah Arabic ب ي ع ة Pledge of allegiance in Islamic terminology is an oath of allegiance to a leader It is known to have been practiced by the Islamic prophet Muhammad Bayʿah is sometimes taken under a written pact given on behalf of the subjects by leading members of the tribe with the understanding that as long as the leader abides by certain requirements towards his people they are to maintain their allegiance to him Bayʿah is still practiced in countries such as Saudi Arabia and Sudan 1 In Morocco bayʿah is one of the foundations of the monarchy 2 Contents 1 Etymology 2 In Islamic history 3 In the Qur an 3 1 History 4 Content 5 See also 6 ReferencesEtymology editBay ah derives from the Semitic triconsonantal root B Y related to commerce and shows the contractual nature of the bond between caliph and the people 3 Bay ah originally referred to the striking together of hands between buyer and seller to mark an agreement 4 5 In Islamic history editThis section needs expansion You can help by adding to it September 2021 The tradition of bayʿah can be traced back to the era of Muhammad From the beginning bayʿah was taken by Muhammad as an oath of allegiance Anybody who wanted to join the growing Islamic community did so by reciting the basic creed expressing faith in the oneness of God and the prophethood of Muhammad However this differed from the proclamation of faith necessary to become an individual Muslim In addition to this Muhammad formally took bayʿah from the people and tribes Through this formal act they were absorbed by the community and showed willingness to obey Muhammad The text of the oath varies in different traditions but often contains the Shahada and prayers of repentance It is reported that at annual gatherings outside Mecca Muhammad met people from Yathrib later renamed Medina who accepted his call towards Islam Muhammad then took bayʿah from them 6 In Sunni Islam the Bayʿah rite continued to be used throughout history to mark a caliph s accession first in the Rashidun Caliphate the Bayʿah of Abu Bakr occasioning the Shi a Sunni split then throughout the Dynastic Caliphates Umayyad Abbasid and Ottoman With the abolition of the Caliphate Bayʿah remains in use today by some modern Muslim kingdoms such as Saudi Arabia and Morocco 7 In the Qur an edit source source source source source Bayʿah Ceremony of the Commanders of Islamic Revolution Committees with Ali Khamenei 8 June 1989 nbsp Bay ah to Abu Bakr as the first Muslim Caliph after 632 CE After the Pledge of the Tree which led to the Treaty of Hudaybiyyah the following was revealed in the Qur an commemorating and appreciating the pledge and those who made it Certainly Allah was well pleased with the believers when they swore allegiance to you under the tree and He knew what was in their hearts so He sent down tranquillity on them and rewarded them with a near victory Sura Al Fath Ayah 18 Quran 48 18 Translated by Shakir History edit The bayʿah of Rizwan a mass initiation of thousands of Muslims at the hands of Muhammad is mentioned in the Qur an The tradition was continued by the caliphs In subsequent ages it was associated with Sufi orders and spiritual masters would initiate their followers The practice still exists in Sufi orders around the world Content editThe Bayʿah varies across different times places and settings but usually contains a relatively standardised formula such as the following citation needed I give my allegiance to To hear and obey in times of difficulty and comfort in hardship and ease and to endure being discriminated against and not to dispute about rule with those in power except in case of evident infidelity regarding that which there is a proof from Allah citation needed See also editBay ah Ahmadiyya Bay ah MosqueReferences edit Lesch Ann M March 22 2001 THE IMPASSE IN THE CIVIL WAR Arab Studies Quarterly Archived from the original on 9 November 2007 Retrieved 14 December 2019 via Encyclopedia com Al Khamlichi Ahmed January 2014 The relationship between religion and the state the institution of Commandment of the Faithful in Morocco Contemporary Arab Affairs 7 1 54 81 doi 10 1080 17550912 2013 869991 Retrieved February 1 2023 Hizb ut Tahrir www hizb ut tahrir org Shirazi ʻAbd al Karim Biʹazar March 9 1977 The Covenant in the Qurʼan The Key to Unity of the Verses Contained in Qurʼanic Surahs Office for Diffusion of Islamic Culture via Google Books Bravmann Meir Max March 9 2009 The Spiritual Background of Early Islam Studies in Ancient Arab Concepts BRILL ISBN 978 9004172005 via Google Books Desker Barry 2015 Perspectives on the Security of Singapore The First 50 Years p 243 Caruso Lauren 2013 Bay ah Succession Allegiance and Rituals of Legitimization in the Islamic World PDF MA The University of Georgia Retrieved 6 September 2021 Portals nbsp Religion nbsp Islam nbsp Education nbsp Psychology Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Bay 27ah amp oldid 1196559497, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
