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Bagsværd Church

February 21, 2023

Bagsværd Church is a Lutheran church in Bagsværd on the northern outskirts of Copenhagen, Denmark. Designed in 1968 by Jørn Utzon, it was completed in 1976.[1] The building is considered to be a masterpiece of contemporary church architecture, especially its bright, naturally illuminated interior and its ceiling straddled with softly rounded vaulting.[2]

Bagsværd Church
Bagsværd Kirke
LocationBagsværd
CountryDenmark
DenominationChurch of Denmark
Architecture
Architect(s)Jørn Utzon
Years built1973–1976
Administration
DioceseDiocese of Helsingør
DeaneryGladsaxe-Herlev Provsti
ParishBagsværd Sogn

History

In 1538, the church in Bagsværd was pulled down on the orders of the king so that the stones could be used to repair the old Catholic bishop's palace which, after the Reformation, was to be used as a seminary for the new Lutheran Church. Thereafter, the parishioners had to use the church in Gladsaxe though there was increasing interest in building a new church in Bagsværd.[3] It therefore came as no surprise that the congregational council took special interest in the church Utzon had included in a competition exhibit for the town centre in Farum when it was displayed in Gladsaxe at an architectural exhibition in 1967. When he was asked whether he would like to submit a proposal for a church at Bagsværd, Utzon was elated: "There I stood, and was offered the finest task an architect can have — a magnificent time when it was the light from above that showed us the way."[4] The proposal he submitted the following year included four sketches: the first one showed a group of people under the clouds on a beach, the last one depicted the same people as a congregation in a church where the clouds had become the sculptural roof. They were intended to illustrate Utzon's understanding of the overall concept.

 
Conceptual sketch by Utzon

There were a series of difficulties over the funding of the building which finally cost DKK 10 million after Utzon had reduced its size by 10 percent and the Gladsaxe municipality had contributed DKK 1 million. A building permit was granted in 1973 but, experiencing financial difficulties, the church ministry quickly attempted to halt construction. However, before their ruling came into force, the contractors Christiani & Nielsen established a presence on the site allowing work to begin.[5] The new church was consecrated on 15 August 1976.[6][7]

Architecture

Located on a narrow plot in a suburban setting, the building itself is narrow, and has an austere façade which encloses the various rooms and a number of small courtyards. Surrounded by birch trees, the exterior walls are faced with white prefabricated concrete panels and white glazed tiles. The aluminium roof gives the church a rather industrial look. Glass sections provide lighting over the connecting corridors. Covering an area of 1,700 square meters, the tight geometrical plan consists of three sections and a courtyard between two parallel corridors.[8]

The rectilinear, modular structure of the building and its integrated courtyards, as well as the connecting corridors, are said to be inspired by the design of Buddhist temples in China.[6]

The interior

The interior includes the nave and sacristy, offices, rooms for confirmation classes, a meeting room, and a whole section for youth activities. They are all linked by wide corridors which run both through the building and along the external walls where they are illuminated by skylights.[9] The vaulted ceiling is made of reinforced concrete shells, only 12 centimetres thick and spanning 17 metres.[10] The curved cylindrical shells rest on flanges supported by rows of double columns which act as flying buttresses.[1][10]

Natural lighting

 
Interior: altar, organ and vaulting

A notable feature of the church is the natural lighting, facilitated by the all-white interior. It is achieved by means of high lateral windows across the entire width of the nave or, in the case of the smaller rooms, through sidelights bringing daylight in from the courtyards. In addition, there are extensive skylights which, in Utzon's words, result from "the inspiration that I derived from the drifting clouds above the sea and the shore [forming] a wondrous space in which the light fell through the ceiling — the clouds — down on to the floor represented by the shore and the sea."[10] Indeed, Utzon was inspired to design the church when he was lying on a Hawaii beach, shortly after his premature departure from Australia as a result of disagreements over the Sydney Opera House.[11] Contemplating a regular succession of cylindrical clouds, he concluded that they provided a perfect basis for modelling a church ceiling.[12]

Inventory

Utzon himself designed the altar wall which consists of an airy triangular grid of thin white tiles, known as Flensborg bricks, while the church's colourful textiles, carpeting and ceramic decorations were designed by his daughter, Lin Utzon.[2] The organ, also designed by Jørn Utzon, was constructed in 1979 by Poul-Gerhard Andersen, with woodwork by Kurt Kærsgaard.[13] The light pine pews as well as the church's concert piano, built by Steingraeber & Söhne in Bayreuth, were also designed by Utzon.[8][14]

The church's four bells were designed by Thubalka in Vejle and cast at the Royal Eijsbouts bell foundry at Asten in the Netherlands.[15]

Assessments

The architectural critic Kenneth Frampton considers Bagsværd Church an outstanding example of critical regionalism owing to the synthesis it achieves between universal and regional cultures. He believes the design of the highly configurated concrete shell vault, unique in Western religious architecture, was inspired by the Chinese pagoda roof cited by Utzon in his essay "Platforms and Plateaus" (1963).[16][17] Furthermore, the plan arrangement of the church's interior is reminiscent of Chinese Buddhist monasteries as described in a book by Johannes Prip-Møller.[6]

From the outside, constructed in reinforced concrete and aluminium with glass-covered sections, the building looks more like a factory than a traditional church but inside it offers an impressive combination of soft, rounded shapes and sharp edges.[2][18]

Writing in Berlingske Tidende on the occasion of the church's consecration, architectural correspondent Martin Hartung commented: "Bagsværd Church has turned into an architectonic attraction, an example of how Jørn Utzon can combine the technique and the art of building to form something transcending them both."[19]

The church today

The church forms an active part of the local community. In addition to regular church services, there are frequent concerts thanks to the choirs (including a Gregorian male choir and various children's choirs), the organ and the concert piano. Some of the concerts are free, thanks to contributions from the church council, others with visiting musicians require tickets for entry.[14] The church also hosts exhibitions of paintings and artwork.[20]

Bagsværd Church is open for tourist visits Tuesday to Friday at 10 to 14 o'clock and Sundays and public holidays at 12 to 16 o’clock. From April 1 to September 30 the church is also open on Saturdays from 12 to 16 o’clock - however, not during church services. The church is not open for tourist visits: Christmas Eve, Christmas Day, New Year's Eve, New Year's Day and Good Friday 2012-03-08 at the Wayback Machine, Bagsværd Kirke. (in Danish) Retrieved 17 September 2011.</ref>

  •  

    Austere outer walls

  •  

    Church interior from ground level

  •  

    Corridor with skylights

  •  

    Sacristy

See also

References

  1. ^ a b Balters , Sofia . "AD Classics: Bagsværd Church / Jørn Utzon" in ArchDaily, 12 Sep 2011, retrieved 15 September 2011
  2. ^ a b c "Bagsværd Kirke (1976)" 2012-03-13 at the Wayback Machine, Dansk Arkitektur Center. (in Danish) Retrieved 15 September 2011.
  3. ^ "Fragments of a church history" 2012-01-18 at the Wayback Machine, Bagsværd Church. Retrieved 16 September 2011.
  4. ^ "Jørn Utzon, 2003 laureate, Biography" 2010-12-22 at the Wayback Machine, PritzkerPrize.com. Retrieved 17 September 2011.
  5. ^ "Sagt og skrivet" 2012-04-02 at the Wayback Machine, Bagsvard Krike. (in Danish) Retrieved 2 October 2011.
  6. ^ a b c Michael Asgaard Andersen, "Revisiting Utzon’s Bagsværd Church"[permanent dead link], Nordisk Arkitekturforskning. 2005: 2, p. 95 et seq. Retrieved 16 September 2011.
  7. ^ Jørn Utzon, Bagsværd Church: Logbook Vol. II, Copenhagen, Edition Bløndal, 2005
  8. ^ a b "Jørn Utzon: Bagsværd Community Church", ArcSpace.com. Retrieved 17 September 2011.
  9. ^ Jørn Urzon, "Bagsvæard Kirke" 2012-04-02 at the Wayback Machine, Bagsværd Kirke, first published by Velux Fonden, 1986. (in Danish) Retrieved 17 September 2011.
  10. ^ a b c Bagsværd Church 2012-03-08 at the Wayback Machine, retrieved 15 September 2011
  11. ^ Jones, Peter: Ove Arup: Masterbuilder of the Twentieth Century. Yale University Press, 2006
  12. ^ Richard Weston, "Plans, sections and elevations: key buildings of the twentieth century", Laurence King Publishing, 2004. ISBN 1-85669-382-1, p. 158.
  13. ^ "Orgel" 2016-03-03 at the Wayback Machine, Bagsværd Kirke. (in Danish) Retrieved 15 September 2011.
  14. ^ a b "Koncerter" 2012-05-26 at the Wayback Machine, Bagsværd Krike. (in Danish) Retrieved 17 September 2011.
  15. ^ "Klokker" 2012-04-02 at the Wayback Machine, Bagsværd Kirke. (in Danish) Retrieved 17 September 2011.
  16. ^ Jørn Utzon, "Platforms and Plateaus: Ideas of a Danish Architect", Zodiac 10, Edizioni Communità, Milan, 1963, pp. 112–114.
  17. ^ Scott Paterson: Critical Analysis of "Towards a Critical Regionalism" by Kenneth Frampton, retrieved 15 September 2011
  18. ^ "Særlige seværdigheder i Hovedstaden", Kulturarvsstyrelsen. (in Danish) Retrieved 15 September 2011.
  19. ^ "Said and written" 2012-03-08 at the Wayback Machine, Bagsværd Church. Retrieved 18 September 2011.
  20. ^ "Udstillinger" 2012-05-22 at the Wayback Machine, Bagsværd Kirke. (in Danish) Retrieved 17 September 2011.

Further reading

  • Frampton, Kenneth: Towards a Critical Regionalism: Six Points for an Architecture of Resistance in Foster, Hal (ed.): The Anti-Aesthetic: Essays on Postmodern Culture, New York: New Press, 2002. 183 p. ISBN 1-56584-742-3
  • Norberg-Schulz, Christian: Jorn Utzon: Church at Bagsvaerd, Hennessey & Ingalls, 1982, ISBN 99924-44-65-7
  • Utzon, Jørn, Bagsværd Church: Logbook Vol. II, Copenhagen, Edition Bløndal, 2005, 168 pages. ISBN 87-91567-07-6
  • Weston, Richard, Utzon: Inspiration, Vision, Architecture, 432 pages, Blondal, Denmark, 2002, 432 p. ISBN 87-88978-98-2
  • Weston, Richard, Plans, sections and elevations: key buildings of the twentieth century, Laurence King Publishing, 2004. ISBN 1-85669-382-1

External links

  Media related to Bagsværd Church at Wikimedia Commons

Coordinates: 55°45′42″N 12°26′40″E / 55.76167°N 12.44444°E / 55.76167; 12.44444

February 21, 2023
bagsværd, church, lutheran, church, bagsværd, northern, outskirts, copenhagen, denmark, designed, 1968, jørn, utzon, completed, 1976, building, considered, masterpiece, contemporary, church, architecture, especially, bright, naturally, illuminated, interior, c. Bagsvaerd Church is a Lutheran church in Bagsvaerd on the northern outskirts of Copenhagen Denmark Designed in 1968 by Jorn Utzon it was completed in 1976 1 The building is considered to be a masterpiece of contemporary church architecture especially its bright naturally illuminated interior and its ceiling straddled with softly rounded vaulting 2 Bagsvaerd ChurchBagsvaerd KirkeLocationBagsvaerdCountryDenmarkDenominationChurch of DenmarkArchitectureArchitect s Jorn UtzonYears built1973 1976AdministrationDioceseDiocese of HelsingorDeaneryGladsaxe Herlev ProvstiParishBagsvaerd Sogn Contents 1 History 2 Architecture 2 1 The interior 2 2 Natural lighting 3 Inventory 4 Assessments 5 The church today 6 See also 7 References 8 Further reading 9 External linksHistory EditIn 1538 the church in Bagsvaerd was pulled down on the orders of the king so that the stones could be used to repair the old Catholic bishop s palace which after the Reformation was to be used as a seminary for the new Lutheran Church Thereafter the parishioners had to use the church in Gladsaxe though there was increasing interest in building a new church in Bagsvaerd 3 It therefore came as no surprise that the congregational council took special interest in the church Utzon had included in a competition exhibit for the town centre in Farum when it was displayed in Gladsaxe at an architectural exhibition in 1967 When he was asked whether he would like to submit a proposal for a church at Bagsvaerd Utzon was elated There I stood and was offered the finest task an architect can have a magnificent time when it was the light from above that showed us the way 4 The proposal he submitted the following year included four sketches the first one showed a group of people under the clouds on a beach the last one depicted the same people as a congregation in a church where the clouds had become the sculptural roof They were intended to illustrate Utzon s understanding of the overall concept Conceptual sketch by UtzonThere were a series of difficulties over the funding of the building which finally cost DKK 10 million after Utzon had reduced its size by 10 percent and the Gladsaxe municipality had contributed DKK 1 million A building permit was granted in 1973 but experiencing financial difficulties the church ministry quickly attempted to halt construction However before their ruling came into force the contractors Christiani amp Nielsen established a presence on the site allowing work to begin 5 The new church was consecrated on 15 August 1976 6 7 Architecture EditLocated on a narrow plot in a suburban setting the building itself is narrow and has an austere facade which encloses the various rooms and a number of small courtyards Surrounded by birch trees the exterior walls are faced with white prefabricated concrete panels and white glazed tiles The aluminium roof gives the church a rather industrial look Glass sections provide lighting over the connecting corridors Covering an area of 1 700 square meters the tight geometrical plan consists of three sections and a courtyard between two parallel corridors 8 The rectilinear modular structure of the building and its integrated courtyards as well as the connecting corridors are said to be inspired by the design of Buddhist temples in China 6 The interior Edit The interior includes the nave and sacristy offices rooms for confirmation classes a meeting room and a whole section for youth activities They are all linked by wide corridors which run both through the building and along the external walls where they are illuminated by skylights 9 The vaulted ceiling is made of reinforced concrete shells only 12 centimetres thick and spanning 17 metres 10 The curved cylindrical shells rest on flanges supported by rows of double columns which act as flying buttresses 1 10 Natural lighting Edit Interior altar organ and vaulting A notable feature of the church is the natural lighting facilitated by the all white interior It is achieved by means of high lateral windows across the entire width of the nave or in the case of the smaller rooms through sidelights bringing daylight in from the courtyards In addition there are extensive skylights which in Utzon s words result from the inspiration that I derived from the drifting clouds above the sea and the shore forming a wondrous space in which the light fell through the ceiling the clouds down on to the floor represented by the shore and the sea 10 Indeed Utzon was inspired to design the church when he was lying on a Hawaii beach shortly after his premature departure from Australia as a result of disagreements over the Sydney Opera House 11 Contemplating a regular succession of cylindrical clouds he concluded that they provided a perfect basis for modelling a church ceiling 12 Inventory EditUtzon himself designed the altar wall which consists of an airy triangular grid of thin white tiles known as Flensborg bricks while the church s colourful textiles carpeting and ceramic decorations were designed by his daughter Lin Utzon 2 The organ also designed by Jorn Utzon was constructed in 1979 by Poul Gerhard Andersen with woodwork by Kurt Kaersgaard 13 The light pine pews as well as the church s concert piano built by Steingraeber amp Sohne in Bayreuth were also designed by Utzon 8 14 The church s four bells were designed by Thubalka in Vejle and cast at the Royal Eijsbouts bell foundry at Asten in the Netherlands 15 Assessments EditThe architectural critic Kenneth Frampton considers Bagsvaerd Church an outstanding example of critical regionalism owing to the synthesis it achieves between universal and regional cultures He believes the design of the highly configurated concrete shell vault unique in Western religious architecture was inspired by the Chinese pagoda roof cited by Utzon in his essay Platforms and Plateaus 1963 16 17 Furthermore the plan arrangement of the church s interior is reminiscent of Chinese Buddhist monasteries as described in a book by Johannes Prip Moller 6 From the outside constructed in reinforced concrete and aluminium with glass covered sections the building looks more like a factory than a traditional church but inside it offers an impressive combination of soft rounded shapes and sharp edges 2 18 Writing in Berlingske Tidende on the occasion of the church s consecration architectural correspondent Martin Hartung commented Bagsvaerd Church has turned into an architectonic attraction an example of how Jorn Utzon can combine the technique and the art of building to form something transcending them both 19 The church today EditThe church forms an active part of the local community In addition to regular church services there are frequent concerts thanks to the choirs including a Gregorian male choir and various children s choirs the organ and the concert piano Some of the concerts are free thanks to contributions from the church council others with visiting musicians require tickets for entry 14 The church also hosts exhibitions of paintings and artwork 20 Bagsvaerd Church is open for tourist visits Tuesday to Friday at 10 to 14 o clock and Sundays and public holidays at 12 to 16 o clock From April 1 to September 30 the church is also open on Saturdays from 12 to 16 o clock however not during church services The church is not open for tourist visits Christmas Eve Christmas Day New Year s Eve New Year s Day and Good Friday Archived 2012 03 08 at the Wayback Machine Bagsvaerd Kirke in Danish Retrieved 17 September 2011 lt ref gt Austere outer walls Church interior from ground level Corridor with skylights SacristySee also EditArchitecture of DenmarkReferences Edit a b Balters Sofia AD Classics Bagsvaerd Church Jorn Utzon in ArchDaily 12 Sep 2011 retrieved 15 September 2011 a b c Bagsvaerd Kirke 1976 Archived 2012 03 13 at the Wayback Machine Dansk Arkitektur Center in Danish Retrieved 15 September 2011 Fragments of a church history Archived 2012 01 18 at the Wayback Machine Bagsvaerd Church Retrieved 16 September 2011 Jorn Utzon 2003 laureate Biography Archived 2010 12 22 at the Wayback Machine PritzkerPrize com Retrieved 17 September 2011 Sagt og skrivet Archived 2012 04 02 at the Wayback Machine Bagsvard Krike in Danish Retrieved 2 October 2011 a b c Michael Asgaard Andersen Revisiting Utzon s Bagsvaerd Church permanent dead link Nordisk Arkitekturforskning 2005 2 p 95 et seq Retrieved 16 September 2011 Jorn Utzon Bagsvaerd Church Logbook Vol II Copenhagen Edition Blondal 2005 a b Jorn Utzon Bagsvaerd Community Church ArcSpace com Retrieved 17 September 2011 Jorn Urzon Bagsvaeard Kirke Archived 2012 04 02 at the Wayback Machine Bagsvaerd Kirke first published by Velux Fonden 1986 in Danish Retrieved 17 September 2011 a b c Bagsvaerd Church Archived 2012 03 08 at the Wayback Machine retrieved 15 September 2011 Jones Peter Ove Arup Masterbuilder of the Twentieth Century Yale University Press 2006 Richard Weston Plans sections and elevations key buildings of the twentieth century Laurence King Publishing 2004 ISBN 1 85669 382 1 p 158 Orgel Archived 2016 03 03 at the Wayback Machine Bagsvaerd Kirke in Danish Retrieved 15 September 2011 a b Koncerter Archived 2012 05 26 at the Wayback Machine Bagsvaerd Krike in Danish Retrieved 17 September 2011 Klokker Archived 2012 04 02 at the Wayback Machine Bagsvaerd Kirke in Danish Retrieved 17 September 2011 Jorn Utzon Platforms and Plateaus Ideas of a Danish Architect Zodiac 10 Edizioni Communita Milan 1963 pp 112 114 Scott Paterson Critical Analysis of Towards a Critical Regionalism by Kenneth Frampton retrieved 15 September 2011 Saerlige sevaerdigheder i Hovedstaden Kulturarvsstyrelsen in Danish Retrieved 15 September 2011 Said and written Archived 2012 03 08 at the Wayback Machine Bagsvaerd Church Retrieved 18 September 2011 Udstillinger Archived 2012 05 22 at the Wayback Machine Bagsvaerd Kirke in Danish Retrieved 17 September 2011 Further reading EditFrampton Kenneth Towards a Critical Regionalism Six Points for an Architecture of Resistance in Foster Hal ed The Anti Aesthetic Essays on Postmodern Culture New York New Press 2002 183 p ISBN 1 56584 742 3 Norberg Schulz Christian Jorn Utzon Church at Bagsvaerd Hennessey amp Ingalls 1982 ISBN 99924 44 65 7 Utzon Jorn Bagsvaerd Church Logbook Vol II Copenhagen Edition Blondal 2005 168 pages ISBN 87 91567 07 6 Weston Richard Utzon Inspiration Vision Architecture 432 pages Blondal Denmark 2002 432 p ISBN 87 88978 98 2 Weston Richard Plans sections and elevations key buildings of the twentieth century Laurence King Publishing 2004 ISBN 1 85669 382 1External links Edit Media related to Bagsvaerd Church at Wikimedia Commons Official website Michael Asgaard Andersen Revisiting Utzon s Bagsvaerd Church permanent dead link Coordinates 55 45 42 N 12 26 40 E 55 76167 N 12 44444 E 55 76167 12 44444 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Bagsvaerd Church amp oldid 1115196218, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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