Badr ul-Alam Syarif Hasyim Jamaluddin (died 1702 or after 1717) was the eighteenth Sulṭān of Acèh Darussalam in northern Sumatra. His brief reign (1699–1702) marked a transition to more unsettled conditions in Aceh, as persons not belonging to the old sultan's family tried to rule the kingdom with limited success.
Aceh was ruled by four sultanas in succession in 1641–1699. Towards the end of the seventeenth century the moderate element among the literati made way for a more orthodox Islamic vogue which demanded the return of a male ruler. A fatwa, ostensibly issued in Mecca, arrived in 1699 and deemed female rule incompatible with the sharia. Badr ul-Alam Syarif Hasyim, an Arab of sayyid descent, then replaced the current sultana Zainatuddin Kamalat Syah and became the eighteenth Sulṭān of Acèh Darussalam. It is sometimes speculated that he was married to his predecessor[1] According to the findings of D. Crecelius and E.A. Beardow, he was the son of Syarif Ibrahim Jamal ul-Lail, and the brother of Badr ul-Alam Zainul Abidin Jamal ul-Lail, Syarifah Salmah, Perkasa Alam Syarif Lamtui, and Sulaiman Jamal ul-Lail. Of these, Badr ul-Alam Zainul Abidin Jamal ul-Lail may have ruled Aceh for seven months in 1699, before the enthronement of Badr ul-Alam.[2]
Problems of acceptance
The Dutch East India Company, which was established on Sumatra's west coast, perceived the new sultan as a potential threat. The garrison in the important port Barus was strengthened in 1700 since "the government is again said to be in the hands of a king with fiery character".[3] Aceh was visited by the Briton Alexander Hamilton in May 1702. Hamilton noted that the foreignness and ostensibly poor governance of Badr ul-Alam evoked the hostility of some orang kayas (grandees of the kingdom). Thus he imposed a harbour fee on the English ships and therefore estranged the English East India Company and at length people at the capital. There were demonstrations outside the palace where people demanded restitution of the former English privileges - otherwise they would place a new queen regnant or sultana on the throne. Some orang kayas contacted a nephew of Kamalat Syah who led a private life in Pidie and invited him to march on the capital to claim the throne. From Hamilton's account it is not known how the enterprise ended.[4]
According to the chronicles Badr ul-Alam suffered from a sickness (apparently poliomyelitis) which prevented him from performing the salat (prayers). He therefore voluntarily abdicated his throne in 1702. He then withdrew to Tanjong, a village close to the capital but died after 14 days.[5] Some sources date his abdication in 1709.[6] His successor was a brother, Perkasa Alam Syarif Lamtui. It is possible that the details in the chronicles about his demise are incorrect, for in 1717 the Dutch provided a travel pass to an ex-sultan of Aceh named Sayyid Hasyim Darussalam who was performing the pilgrimage to Mecca.[7]
References
^Azra, Azyumardi (1995). Jaringan Ulama Timur Tengah dan Kepulauan Nusantara Abad XVII dan XVIII. Bandung: Mizan. p. 196.
Coolhaas, W.P., ed. (1976) Generale missiven van Gouverneurs-Generaal en Raden aan Heren XVII der Verenigde Oostindische Compagnie, Deel VI: 1698-1713. 's-Gravenhage: M. Nijhoff.
Coolhaas, W.P., ed. (1979) Generale missiven van Gouverneurs-Generaal en Raden aan Heren XVII der Verenigde Oostindische Compagnie, Deel VII: 1713-1725. 's-Gravenhage: M. Nijhoff.
Crecelius, D. and Beardow, E.A. (1979) 'A Reputed Acehese Sarakata of the Jamal al-La'il Dynasty', Journal of the Malaysian Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society 52, pp. 51-66.
Djajadiningrat, Raden Hoesein (1911) 'Critische overzicht van de in Maleische werken vervatte gegevens over de geschiedenis van het soeltanaat van Atjeh', Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde 65, pp. 135-265.
Zainuddin, H.M. (1961) Tarich Atjeh dan Nusantara, Jilid I. Medan: Pustaka Iskandar Muda.
badr, alam, syarif, hasyim, jamaluddin, other, uses, badrul, alam, disambiguation, died, 1702, after, 1717, eighteenth, sulṭān, acèh, darussalam, northern, sumatra, brief, reign, 1699, 1702, marked, transition, more, unsettled, conditions, aceh, persons, belon. For other uses see Badrul Alam disambiguation Badr ul Alam Syarif Hasyim Jamaluddin died 1702 or after 1717 was the eighteenth Sulṭan of Aceh Darussalam in northern Sumatra His brief reign 1699 1702 marked a transition to more unsettled conditions in Aceh as persons not belonging to the old sultan s family tried to rule the kingdom with limited success Badr ul Alam Syarif Hasyim JamaluddinSulṭan of Aceh DarussalamReign1699 1702PredecessorZainatuddin Kamalat SyahSuccessorPerkasa Alam Syarif LamtuiBornBanda Aceh Aceh Sultanate Ottoman Empire now Indonesia Died1702 or after 1717Banda Aceh Aceh Sultanate Ottoman Empire now Indonesia IssueJamal ul Alam Badr ul MunirDynastyJamal ul LailFatherSyarif Ibrahim Jamal ul LailReligionSunni Islam Contents 1 Dynastic change 2 Problems of acceptance 3 References 4 LiteratureDynastic change EditAceh was ruled by four sultanas in succession in 1641 1699 Towards the end of the seventeenth century the moderate element among the literati made way for a more orthodox Islamic vogue which demanded the return of a male ruler A fatwa ostensibly issued in Mecca arrived in 1699 and deemed female rule incompatible with the sharia Badr ul Alam Syarif Hasyim an Arab of sayyid descent then replaced the current sultana Zainatuddin Kamalat Syah and became the eighteenth Sulṭan of Aceh Darussalam It is sometimes speculated that he was married to his predecessor 1 According to the findings of D Crecelius and E A Beardow he was the son of Syarif Ibrahim Jamal ul Lail and the brother of Badr ul Alam Zainul Abidin Jamal ul Lail Syarifah Salmah Perkasa Alam Syarif Lamtui and Sulaiman Jamal ul Lail Of these Badr ul Alam Zainul Abidin Jamal ul Lail may have ruled Aceh for seven months in 1699 before the enthronement of Badr ul Alam 2 Problems of acceptance EditThe Dutch East India Company which was established on Sumatra s west coast perceived the new sultan as a potential threat The garrison in the important port Barus was strengthened in 1700 since the government is again said to be in the hands of a king with fiery character 3 Aceh was visited by the Briton Alexander Hamilton in May 1702 Hamilton noted that the foreignness and ostensibly poor governance of Badr ul Alam evoked the hostility of some orang kayas grandees of the kingdom Thus he imposed a harbour fee on the English ships and therefore estranged the English East India Company and at length people at the capital There were demonstrations outside the palace where people demanded restitution of the former English privileges otherwise they would place a new queen regnant or sultana on the throne Some orang kayas contacted a nephew of Kamalat Syah who led a private life in Pidie and invited him to march on the capital to claim the throne From Hamilton s account it is not known how the enterprise ended 4 According to the chronicles Badr ul Alam suffered from a sickness apparently poliomyelitis which prevented him from performing the salat prayers He therefore voluntarily abdicated his throne in 1702 He then withdrew to Tanjong a village close to the capital but died after 14 days 5 Some sources date his abdication in 1709 6 His successor was a brother Perkasa Alam Syarif Lamtui It is possible that the details in the chronicles about his demise are incorrect for in 1717 the Dutch provided a travel pass to an ex sultan of Aceh named Sayyid Hasyim Darussalam who was performing the pilgrimage to Mecca 7 References Edit Azra Azyumardi 1995 Jaringan Ulama Timur Tengah dan Kepulauan Nusantara Abad XVII dan XVIII Bandung Mizan p 196 Crecelius and Beardow 1979 pp 54 5 Coolhaas 1976 p 126 Djajadiningrat 1911 p 195 Djajadiningrat 1911 p 194 Zainuddin 1961 p 409 Crecelius and Beardow 1979 Coolhaas 1979 p 312 Literature EditCoolhaas W P ed 1976 Generale missiven van Gouverneurs Generaal en Raden aan Heren XVII der Verenigde Oostindische Compagnie Deel VI 1698 1713 s Gravenhage M Nijhoff Coolhaas W P ed 1979 Generale missiven van Gouverneurs Generaal en Raden aan Heren XVII der Verenigde Oostindische Compagnie Deel VII 1713 1725 s Gravenhage M Nijhoff Crecelius D and Beardow E A 1979 A Reputed Acehese Sarakata of the Jamal al La il Dynasty Journal of the Malaysian Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society 52 pp 51 66 Djajadiningrat Raden Hoesein 1911 Critische overzicht van de in Maleische werken vervatte gegevens over de geschiedenis van het soeltanaat van Atjeh Bijdragen tot de Taal Land en Volkenkunde 65 pp 135 265 Zainuddin H M 1961 Tarich Atjeh dan Nusantara Jilid I Medan Pustaka Iskandar Muda Preceded byZainatuddin Kamalat Syah Sulṭan of Aceh Darussalam1699 1702 Succeeded byPerkasa Alam Syarif Lamtui Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Badr ul Alam Syarif Hasyim Jamaluddin amp oldid 1121816568, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
