BPCS-steganography (Bit-Plane Complexity Segmentation steganography) is a type of digital steganography.
Digital steganography can hide confidential data (i.e. secret files) very securely by embedding them into some media data called "vessel data." The vessel data is also referred to as "carrier, cover, or dummy data". In BPCS-steganography true color images (i.e., 24-bit color images) are mostly used for vessel data. The embedding operation in practice is to replace the "complex areas" on the bit planes of the vessel image with the confidential data. The most important aspect of BPCS-steganography is that the embedding capacity is very large. In comparison to simple image based steganography which uses solely the least important bit of data, and thus (for a 24-bit color image) can only embed data equivalent to 1/8 of the total size, BPCS-steganography uses multiple bit-planes, and so can embed a much higher amount of data, though this is dependent on the individual image. For a 'normal' image, roughly 50% of the data might be replaceable with secret data before image degradation becomes apparent.
The Human visual system has such a special property that a too-complicated visual pattern can not be perceived as "shape-informative." For example, on a very flat beach shore every single square-foot area looks the same - it is just a sandy area, no shape is observed. However, if you look carefully, two same-looking areas are entirely different in their sand particle shapes. BPCS-steganography makes use of this property. It replaces complex areas on the bit-planes of the vessel image with other complex data patterns (i.e., pieces of secret files). This replacing operation is called "embedding." No one can see any difference between the two vessel images of before and after the embedding operation.
An issue arises where the data to be embedded appears visually as simple information, if this simple information replaces the complex information in the original image it may create spurious 'real image information'. In this case the data is passed through a binary image conjugation transformation, in order to create a reciprocal complex representation.
Present status of research and developmentedit
This form of steganography was proposed jointly by Eiji Kawaguchi and Richard O. Eason in 1998.[1] Their experimental program (titled Qtech Hide & View) is freely available for educational purposes.[2] Recently, many researchers are tackling its algorithm improvement and applications as well as resistibility studies against steganalysis.[citation needed]
^Kawaguchi, Eiji; Eason, Richard (1999). Tescher, Andrew G.; Vasudev, Bhaskaran; Bove, Jr., V. Michael; Derryberry, Barbara (eds.). (PDF). Proc. SPIE 3528, Multimedia Systems and Applications, 464. Multimedia Systems and Applications. Conference Volume 3528, November 01, 1998: 464–473. Bibcode:1999SPIE.3528..464K. doi:10.1117/12.337436. S2CID 15325556. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 September 2012. Retrieved 3 April 2013.
^. Archived from the original on 2013-03-23. Retrieved 2013-04-03.
A Concept of Digital Picture Envelope for Internet Communication
A Model of Anonymous Covert Mailing System Using Steganographic Scheme
A Model of Unforgeable Digital Certificate Document System
BPCS Steganography Using EZW Encoded Images
STEGANOGRAPHY USING BPCS TO THE INTEGER WAVELET TRANSFORMED IMAGE
External linksedit
Invitation to BPCS-Steganography (in English)
Invitation to BPCS-Steganography (in Japanese)
December 18, 2023
bpcs, steganography, plane, complexity, segmentation, steganography, type, digital, steganography, digital, steganography, hide, confidential, data, secret, files, very, securely, embedding, them, into, some, media, data, called, vessel, data, vessel, data, al. BPCS steganography Bit Plane Complexity Segmentation steganography is a type of digital steganography Digital steganography can hide confidential data i e secret files very securely by embedding them into some media data called vessel data The vessel data is also referred to as carrier cover or dummy data In BPCS steganography true color images i e 24 bit color images are mostly used for vessel data The embedding operation in practice is to replace the complex areas on the bit planes of the vessel image with the confidential data The most important aspect of BPCS steganography is that the embedding capacity is very large In comparison to simple image based steganography which uses solely the least important bit of data and thus for a 24 bit color image can only embed data equivalent to 1 8 of the total size BPCS steganography uses multiple bit planes and so can embed a much higher amount of data though this is dependent on the individual image For a normal image roughly 50 of the data might be replaceable with secret data before image degradation becomes apparent Contents 1 Principle of embedding 2 Present status of research and development 3 See also 4 References 5 External linksPrinciple of embedding editThe Human visual system has such a special property that a too complicated visual pattern can not be perceived as shape informative For example on a very flat beach shore every single square foot area looks the same it is just a sandy area no shape is observed However if you look carefully two same looking areas are entirely different in their sand particle shapes BPCS steganography makes use of this property It replaces complex areas on the bit planes of the vessel image with other complex data patterns i e pieces of secret files This replacing operation is called embedding No one can see any difference between the two vessel images of before and after the embedding operation An issue arises where the data to be embedded appears visually as simple information if this simple information replaces the complex information in the original image it may create spurious real image information In this case the data is passed through a binary image conjugation transformation in order to create a reciprocal complex representation Present status of research and development editThis form of steganography was proposed jointly by Eiji Kawaguchi and Richard O Eason in 1998 1 Their experimental program titled Qtech Hide amp View is freely available for educational purposes 2 Recently many researchers are tackling its algorithm improvement and applications as well as resistibility studies against steganalysis citation needed See also editSteganography Steganography tools Steganographic file system Steganography detectionReferences edit Kawaguchi Eiji Eason Richard 1999 Tescher Andrew G Vasudev Bhaskaran Bove Jr V Michael Derryberry Barbara eds Principle and applications of BPCS steganography PDF Proc SPIE 3528 Multimedia Systems and Applications 464 Multimedia Systems and Applications Conference Volume 3528 November 01 1998 464 473 Bibcode 1999SPIE 3528 464K doi 10 1117 12 337436 S2CID 15325556 Archived from the original PDF on 5 September 2012 Retrieved 3 April 2013 Qtech Hide Archived from the original on 2013 03 23 Retrieved 2013 04 03 A Concept of Digital Picture Envelope for Internet Communication A Model of Anonymous Covert Mailing System Using Steganographic Scheme A Model of Unforgeable Digital Certificate Document System BPCS Steganography Using EZW Encoded Images HIGH CAPACITY DATA HIDING SYSTEM USING BPCS STEGANOGRAPHY STEGANOGRAPHY USING BPCS TO THE INTEGER WAVELET TRANSFORMED IMAGEExternal links editInvitation to BPCS Steganography in English Invitation to BPCS Steganography in Japanese Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title BPCS steganography amp oldid 1187831901, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
